We reported an 8-year-old boy with panscleritis in left eye and right epididymitis after falling on the ground. Etiologic diagnosis played a key role in this case. Systemic examinations ruled out systemic autoimmune diseases, tumors, and infections as the cause of scleritis and suggested that the disease was caused by a local delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by ocular trauma and was non-infectious. Still, the right epididymitis was infectious. Both conditions were treated successfully using steroids and antibiotics, respectively. Thus, early etiologic diagnosis and reasonable treatment are crucial to prevent visual loss.
Male ; Humans ; Child ; Epididymitis/complications* ; Eye Injuries/complications* ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications* ; Scleritis/etiology* ; Face

OBJECTIVES: To study the quantitative and qualitative differences of visual evoked potential (VEP) in monocular visual impairment after different parts of visual pathway injury. METHODS: A total of 91 subjects with monocular visual impairment caused by trauma were selected and divided into intraocular refractive media-injury group (eyeball injury group for short), optic nerve injury group, central nervous system injury and intracranial combined injury group according to the injury cause and anatomical segment. Pattern Reversal visual evoked potential (PR-VEP) P100 peak time and amplitude, Flash visual evoked potential (F-VEP) P2 peak time and amplitude were recorded respectively. SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyze the differences of quantitative (peak time and amplitude) and qualitative indexes (spatial frequency sweep-VEP acuity threshold, and abnormal waveform category and frequency) of the four groups. RESULTS: Compared with healthy eyes, the PR-VEP P100 waveforms of the intraocular eyeball injury group and the F-VEP P2 waveforms of the optic nerve group showed significant differences in prolonged peak time and decreased amplitude in injured eyes (P<0.05). The PR-VEP amplitudes of healthy eyes were lower than those of injured eyes at multiple spatial frequencies in central nervous system injury group and intracranial combined injury group (P<0.05).The amplitude of PR-VEP in patients with visual impairment involving central injury was lower than that in patients with eye injury at multiple spatial frequencies. The frequency of VEP P waveforms reaching the threshold of the intraocular injury group and the optic nerve injury group were siginificantly different from the intracranial combined injury group, respectively(P<0.008 3), and the frequency of abnormal reduction of VEP amplitude of threshold were significantly different from the central nervous system injury group, respectively(P<0.008 3). CONCLUSIONS VEP can distinguish central injury from peripheral injury, eyeball injury from nerve injury in peripheral injury, but cannot distinguish simple intracranial injury from complex injury, which provides basic data and basis for further research on the location of visual impairment injury.
Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Eye ; Humans ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Nerve Injuries ; Vision Disorders/etiology*

With the increasing incidence of blast injury, the research on its mechanisms and protective measures draws more and more attention. Blast injury has many characteristics different from general war injuries or trauma. For example, soldiers often have various degrees of visceral injury without significant surface damage, combined injuries and arterial air embolism. Researchers in China began to investigate blast injury later than the United States and Sweden, but the development is so fast that lots of achievements have been gained, including the development of biological shock tube, the mechanisms and characteristics of blast injury in various organs, as well as protective measures under special environments. This article reviews the past and current situation of blast injury research in China.
Animals ; Blast Injuries ; diagnosis ; etiology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic ; etiology ; China ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ear ; injuries ; Eye Injuries ; etiology ; High-Energy Shock Waves ; Humans ; Lung Injury ; etiology ; Research

No abstract available.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Corneal Edema/diagnosis/etiology/therapy ; Corneal Injuries/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy ; Corneal Ulcer/diagnosis/etiology/therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Eye Enucleation ; Eye Pain/etiology ; Glaucoma/diagnosis/etiology/therapy ; Glucocorticoids ; Humans ; Insect Bites and Stings/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mydriatics ; Ophthalmia, Sympathetic/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy ; Visual Acuity ; *Wasps

OBJECTIVETo determine the prevalence of ocular trauma and the proportion of blindness and visual impairment due to trauma in a rural population in northern China.

METHODSThe Handan Eye Study is a population-based cross-sectional study that surveyed 6830 Chinese people aged 30+ years from 13 randomly selected villages in Yongnian County, city of Handan, Hebei Province, in July, 2006. All participants underwent a standardized interview and extensive examinations. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on ocular trauma.

RESULTSOf the 5837 participants who filled out the questionnaire, 124 subjects [2.1%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8%-2.5%] reported a history of ocular trauma in either eye, including 19 (0.3%) persons reporting trauma in both eyes. Men were more likely to have an eye injury than women [odds ratio (OR), 3.3; 2.2-4.9]. In multiple logistic regression models, ocular trauma was significantly more frequent among normotensive participants when compared with hypertensive participants (hypertensive vs. normotensive: OR, 0.6; 0.4-0.9) and among participants who had a history of falls (OR, 2.4; 1.2-4.8). The proportion of unilateral visual impairment and unilateral blindness due to trauma were 10.5% (13 subjects) and 21.0% (26 subjects), respectively.

CONCLUSIONOur study reports the prevalence of severe ocular trauma among adults in rural China, revealing a high proportion of blindness and visual impairment due to trauma. These findings suggest the need for educational strategies to increase eye health awareness in this rural population with focus on providing at least appropriate first aid care to reduce blindness due to trauma.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blindness ; epidemiology ; etiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Eye Injuries ; complications ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Random Allocation ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Sex Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vision, Low ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Visually Impaired Persons ; statistics & numerical data

No abstract available.
Eye Foreign Bodies/*etiology ; Eye Injuries, Penetrating/*etiology ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline/*injuries ; Male ; *Metals

Traumatic rupture of the superior oblique muscle is rare. We report a case of a 54-year-old man injured by the metal hook of a hanger, resulting in a rupture of the superior oblique muscle tendon. He complained of torsional diplopia when in the primary position. The distal margin of the superior oblique muscle was reattached to sclera 5 and 9 mm apart from the medial insertion of the superior rectus muscle. One week after the operation, torsional diplopia disappeared. However, a 4-prism diopter ipsilateral hypertropia was observed. Three months later, hypertropia gradually increased to 20 prism dioptors and the second operation was done to correct vertical diplopia.
Diplopia/etiology/physiopathology/surgery ; Eye Injuries/complications/*diagnosis/surgery ; *Eye Movements ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oculomotor Muscles/*injuries/physiopathology/surgery ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/*methods ; Strabismus/etiology/physiopathology/surgery ; Tendon Injuries/complications/*diagnosis/surgery

This case report describes a case of self-inflicted chronic bacterial keratoconjunctivitis involving the patient's own semen. A 20-year-old male soldier was referred to our clinic for the evaluation of refractory chronic bacterial conjunctivitis. Over the previous 4 months, he had been treated for copious mucous discharge, conjunctival injection, and superficial punctate keratitis in both eyes at an army hospital and a local eye clinic. Despite the use of topical and systemic antibiotics according to the results of conjunctival swab culture, there was no improvement. During the repeated smear and culture of conjunctival swabs, surprisingly, a few sperm were detected on Gram staining, revealing that the condition was self-inflicted bacterial keratoconjunctivitis involving the patient's own semen. Thus, in cases of chronic keratoconjunctivitis that do not respond to appropriate antibiotic treatment, self-inflicted disease or malingering should be considered.
Chronic Disease ; Conjunctiva/*injuries/microbiology/pathology ; Cornea/microbiology/*pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eye Infections, Bacterial/diagnosis/*etiology/microbiology ; Eye Injuries/*complications/diagnosis ; Humans ; Keratoconjunctivitis/diagnosis/*etiology/microbiology ; Male ; Self Mutilation/*complications/diagnosis ; *Semen ; Young Adult

UNLABELLED: Patient male, 27 year old. Left facial and head trauma for 6 hours, due to motor vehicle accident. Patient state of mind was clear at arrival to hospital. Body temperature: 36C; Pulse: 80 Time/Minute; Breath: 20 Time/Minute; Blood pressure: 120/80 mm Hg. An irregular, horizontal laceration at arch of left eyebrow, approximately 8-10 cm. A laceration on left wing of nose skin, approximately 1 cm. A laceration also under lower eyelid skin of right eye, approximately 2 cm. Left blepharedema and enophthalmos. Orbital and nasal sinuses CT indications:contusion and laceration of the left frontal lobe of brain; fracture of the left orbital frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid bone, left nasal, maxillary sinus and zygoma with soft tissue contusion and laceration; the left eyeball and optic nerve sunk into the maxillary sinus (See figure 1). DIAGNOSIS (1) Multiple orbital fractures; (2) Left maxillary sinus dislocation of eyeball; (3) The left frontal lobe contusion and laceration of brain.
Adult ; Eye Injuries ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Orbital Fractures ; etiology

Phialemonium keratitis is a very rare case and we encountered a case of keratitis caused by Phialemonium obovatum (P. obovatum) after penetrating injury to the cornea. This is the first case report in the existing literature. A 54-year-old male was referred to us after a penetration injury, and prompt primary closure was performed. Two weeks after surgery, an epithelial defect and stromal melting were observed near the laceration site. P. obovatum was identified, and then identified again on repeated cultures. Subsequently, Natacin was administered every two hours. Amniotic membrane transplantation was performed due to a persistent epithelial defect and impending corneal perforation. Three weeks after amniotic membrane transplantation, the epithelial defect had completely healed, but the cornea had turned opaque. Six months after amniotic membrane transplantation, visual acuity was light perception only, and corneal thinning and diffuse corneal opacification remained opaque. Six months after amniotic membrane transplantation, visual acuity was light perception only, and corneal thinning and diffuse corneal opacification remained.
Cornea/*injuries/microbiology/pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eye Infections, Fungal/diagnosis/etiology/*microbiology ; Eye Injuries, Penetrating/*complications/diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fungi/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Keratitis/diagnosis/etiology/*microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged