Objective To evaluate the value of pre-ascent 6-minute walking test performed at a high altitude in predicting the incidence of acute mountain sickness(AMS)induced by rapid ascent to a very high altitude.Methods After baseline information was collected,participants completed the 6-minute walking test at a high altitude of 2 900 m.Then,they rapidly ascended to a very high altitude of 5 000 m.The Lake Louise score was recorded to assess AMS.Results The AMS group showed a shorter pre-ascent 6-minute walking distance(6MWD)at the high altitude than the non-AMS group[480.00(450.00,521.75)m vs.546.00(516.50,568.50)m,P=0.006].No difference was observed regarding the pre-ascent heart rate or peripheral oxygen saturation(both P>0.05).The pre-ascent 6MWD at the high altitude was negatively correlated with the Lake Louise score assessed after rapid ascent to the very high altitude(r=-0.497,P=0.012).Logistic regression analysis confirmed that the pre-ascent 6MWD at the high altitude was associated with the risk of AMS induced by rapid ascent to the very high altitude(OR=0.971,95% CI=0.947-0.996,P=0.022).The results indicated that the pre-ascent 6MWD demonstrated ideal prediction performance(area under receiver operating characteristic curve=0.846,P=0.006).Conclusion The pre-ascent 6MWD recorded at the high altitude is a convenient and reliable predictor of the AMS induced by rapid ascent to the very high altitude.
Humans ; Altitude Sickness/diagnosis* ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; Acute Disease ; Walk Test ; Walking ; Altitude ; Exercise Test

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the value of exercise challenge testing (ECT) in the diagnosis of cough variant asthma (CVA) in children. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 78 children with chronic cough who were admitted between January 2023 and January 2024. ECT was performed, and clinical data were collected. According to the effect of bronchodilator treatment, the children were divided into a CVA group (44 children) and a non-CVA group (34 children), and the two groups were compared in terms of clinical characteristics, pulmonary function, and ECT results before treatment. RESULTS: Compared with the non-CVA group, the CVA group had a significantly higher proportion of boys, a significantly higher proportion of children with exercise-induced chronic cough, a significantly higher level of fractional exhaled nitric oxide, and a significantly greater reduction in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) after ECT (P<0.05). The regression analysis showed that exercise-induced chronic cough and the reduction in FEV₁ were risk factors for CVA (P<0.05). A reduction in FEV₁ of 8.44% was the optimal cut-off value for ECT in the diagnosis of CVA, with an area under the curve of 0.751 (P<0.05), a sensitivity of 65.9%, and a specificity of 79.4%. For the children with exercise-induced chronic cough, a reduction in FEV₁ of 8.44% was the optimal cut-off value for ECT in the diagnosis of CVA, with an area under the curve of 0.810 (P<0.05), a sensitivity of 77.1%, and a specificity of 77.8%. CONCLUSIONS ECT has clinical application value in the etiological diagnosis of pediatric chronic cough, with a reduction in FEV1 of 8.44% serving as the optimal cut-off value for diagnosing CVA. It is particularly suitable for children with exercise-induced chronic cough, increasing the sensitivity for CVA diagnosis.
Humans ; Male ; Cough/diagnosis* ; Female ; Child ; Asthma/physiopathology* ; Exercise Test ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Prospective Studies ; Adolescent ; Cough-Variant Asthma

Humans ; Angina, Stable/rehabilitation* ; Consensus ; East Asian People ; Exercise Test ; Cardiac Rehabilitation ; China

Humans ; Child ; Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis* ; Exercise Test ; Oxygen Consumption

Objective: To investigate the postoperative cardiopulmonary fitness of children with congenital heart diseases (CHD). Methods: This is a retrospective study. A total of 136 children after cardiac correction undergoing cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in Shanghai Children's Medical Center from March 1 to June 30, 2021 were selected. According to the surgical procedure, the children were divided into two groups: the biventricular correction group (BV group) (n=75) and single ventricular correction group (SV group) (n=61). The BV group was divided into two subgroups: simple congenital heart disease (S-CHD) group (n=35) and complex congenital heart disease (C-CHD) group (n=40). CPET parameters, including VO₂ max, VO₂/kg max, VO₂/kg@AT, O₂/HR max, HRR, PetCO₂ max, CI, HRR at 1 min, VE/VCO₂ slope, OUES/kg and EOV, were analyzed. CPET parameters of patients underwent different procedure were compared. In the subgroup analysis, CPET parameters of patients in S-CHD group and C-CHD group were compared. The parameters of the BV group were compared with the normal value. Linear correlation analysis was used to identify the correlation between the CPET parameters. Results: A total of 136 children with CHD after surgery were enrolled. The age was (9.4±3.1) (ranged 6.2-16.0) years, and there was 84 (61.8%) male. All the children completed CPET examination safely without experiencing serious circulation abnormalities. Compared with the SV group, the VO₂/kg max ((32.6±6.9) ml·kg^-1·min^-1 vs. (23.5±5.9) ml·kg^-1·min^-1, P<0.001), O₂/HR max ((7.24±2.93) ml/beat vs. (6.35±2.17)ml/beat, P=0.030), HRR at 1 min ((32.5±13.9) beat/min vs. (26.3±12.5) beat/min, P=0.036), OUES/kg (36.9±8.8 vs. 29.7±11.8, P=0.001) were significantly higher, VE/VCO₂ slope (29.1±5.20 vs. 35.1±8.0, P<0.001) and incidence of EOV (32.0%(24/75) vs. 57.4%(31/61), P=0.027) were significantly lower in BV group. Compared with the simple CHD subgroup, VE/VCO₂ slope and the incidence of EOV were higher, VO₂/kg max, O₂/HR max, HRR at 1 min and OUES/kg were lower in the complex CHD subgroup (all P<0.05). Cardiopulmonary function parameters of the BV group were lower than the normal value. Linear correlation analysis showed that VO₂/kg@AT was strongly correlated with VO₂/kg max (r=0.86, P<0.001), VO₂/kg max was strongly correlated with OUES/kg (r=0.63, P<0.001), HRR was strongly correlated with CI (r=0.91, P<0.001), and VO₂/kg max was strongly correlated with OUES/kg (r=0.63, P<0.001). VE/VCO₂ slope was strongly correlated with PetCO₂ max (r=1.00, P<0.001). Conclusions: The exercise cardiopulmonary function of children after single ventricular correction is weaker than that of biventricular correction, and the exercise tolerance of children after biventricular correction is lower than that of normal children. Among the children after biventricular correction, the exercise tolerance of children with complex CHD is lower than that of children with simple CHD. Postoperative CPET is of important realistic significance for CHD children.
Adolescent ; Child ; China ; Exercise Test/methods* ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery* ; Humans ; Male ; Oxygen Consumption ; Retrospective Studies

Asians ; China ; Consensus ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Walk Test ; Walking

Humans ; Consensus ; Exercise Test ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; China

BACKGROUND: How community-based group resistance exercises affect the transition from robustness to frailty remains unclear. Thus, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to determine whether the trajectory from robustness to frailty over age differed depending on the duration of participation in group exercises. METHODS: We analyzed the Kihon Checklist (KCL) score of community-dwelling elderly residents of Sumoto city, Hyogo prefecture, who participated in community-based group resistance exercises between April 2010 and December 2019. Finally, 2567 older individuals were analyzed using multilevel modeling. The explanatory variables of interest were the frailty score measured using the KCL for each individual, where 0-3, 4-7, and ≥8 points denoted robustness, pre-frailty, and frailty, respectively. We considered age, sex, systolic blood pressure, pulse, duration of participation, and change in KCL score from baseline as possible confounders. Participants were classified as follows based on the duration of participation in the exercises: <3 times, short-term participation group; 4-6 times; mid-term participation group; and 7-13 times, long-term participation group. The mean duration from the baseline physical test for the total sample was 2.35 years (SD=2.51). RESULTS: The participants' mean total KCL score at baseline was 4.9±3.7. Multilevel modeling analysis revealed that the KCL scores changed by 0.82 points for each additional year of age (p<0.001) and changed by - 0.93 points for long-term participate group (p<0.001). The Estimated Marginal Means (EMM) of the KCL score was 3.98 (95%CI: 3.69, 4.28) points in the short-term participation group and was significantly worse than that of the long-term participation group at 70 years of age (p=0.001). The EMM was 4.49 (95%CI: 4.24, 4.74) at 75 years of age in the mid-term participation group and was significantly worse than that of the long-term participation group. The EMM was 3.87 (95%CI: 3.57, 4.16) in the long-term participation group and significantly better than that of the short-term (p<0.001) and mid-term (p=0.002) participation groups. CONCLUSION Participation in community-based group resistance exercises prolongs the transition from robustness to frailty. The improved KCL scores at baseline in the long-term participation group remained in the robust range at 75 years of age, which suggests the importance of initiating participation before the onset of functional decline.
Aged ; Checklist ; Cohort Studies ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Frailty/prevention & control* ; Humans ; Independent Living ; Japan/epidemiology* ; Male ; Resistance Training ; Retrospective Studies ; Social Participation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is recommended to improve symptoms in patients with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD), improvement of exercise performance is controversial. This study aimed to investigate changes in exercise duration after PCI according to functional completeness of revascularization by comparing pre- and post-PCI exercise stress test (EST).METHODS: Patients with SIHD were enrolled from a prospective PCI registry, and divided into 2 groups: 1) functional complete revascularization (CR) group had a positive EST before PCI and negative EST after PCI, 2) functional incomplete revascularization (IR) group had positive EST before and after PCI. Primary outcome was change in exercise duration after PCI and secondary outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACE, a composite of any death, any myocardial infarction, and any ischemia-driven revascularization) at 3 years after PCI.RESULTS: A total of 256 patients (149 for CR group, and 107 for IR group) were eligible for analysis. Before PCI, exercise duration was not significantly different between the functional CR and IR groups (median 540 [interquartile range; IQR, 414, 602] vs. 480 [402, 589] seconds, p=0.091). After PCI, however, the CR group had a significantly higher increment of exercise duration than the IR group (median 62.0 [IQR, 12.0, 141.0] vs. 30.0 [−11.0, 103.5] seconds, p=0.011). The functional CR group also had a significantly lower risk of 3-year MACE (6.2% vs. 26.1%; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.09–0.41; p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Functional CR showed a higher increment of exercise duration than functional IR.
Angina, Stable ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies

test (6MWT), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level, BP, sodium and potassium intakes were assessed. The mean 25(OH)D level increased to 28.9 ± 11.7 ng/mL (p < 0.001) in the intervention group. There was a poor but non-significant reduction in systolic BP (−0.033 ± 4.71 mmHg, p = 0.531) in the intervention group. The BP also did not change in the placebo group at the end of the trial. A negligible decrease of 6MWT was observed in the intervention group (−6.6 ± 29.2 m) compared to the placebo (−14.1 ± 40.5 m). However, differences between the 2 groups were not statistically significant (p = 0.325). The results solely showed a slight positive correlation between 25(OH)D level and 6MWT. No significant improvements in BP and 6MWT were observed after vitamin D3 supplementation.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials Identifier: IRCT2016102113678N13]]>
Blood Pressure ; Cholecalciferol ; Classification ; Endothelial Cells ; Exercise Test ; Exercise Tolerance ; Heart Failure ; Heart ; Humans ; Motor Activity ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Potassium ; Sodium ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; Vitamins