OBJECTIVE To explore the value of tuberculosis infection T cell spot test(T-SPOT.TB)combined with cytokines interleukin-2(IL-2),interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in differential diagnosis of active tuberculosis(ATB)and non-ATB.METHODS A total of 186 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)who were treated in Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital from Feb.2021 to Mar.2024 were recruited as the research subjects and were divided in-to the ATB group with 92 cases and the non-ATB group with 94 cases according to the result of sputum culture for MTB,which was taken as the golden standard.The T-SPOT.TB was carried out for all of the subjects.The base-line data were collected from the two groups of patients.The hierarchical regression analysis was performed by setting the T-SPOT.TB,IL-2 and IFN-γ as the dependent variables,clinical symptoms of cough and fever as the independent variables.The impact of the clinical characteristics on T-SPOT.TB,IL-2 and IFN-γ was observed.The value of T-SPOT.TB combined with cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ in differential diagnosis and ATB and non-ATB was evaluated by means of principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares discrimi-nant analysis(PLS-DA).The efficiencies of T-SPOT.TB,IL-2,IFN-γ and prediction model were examined by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS There were significant differences in cough,fever,IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,IL-8 and IFN-γ between the two groups(P＜0.05).There were statistically positive correlations between the clinical symptoms of cough,fever and the T-SPOT.TB,IL-2 and IFN-γ(P＜0.05).The result of PCA model and PLS-DA model showed that there were less significant individual differences between the ATB pa-tients and the non-ATB patients,the two groups could be remarkably clustered and identified.The area under the curve(AUC)of the joint model was highest(0.913)(0.875 to 0.950)(P＜0.05),with the sensitivity 90.24％,the specificity 74.54％.CONCLUSION The T-SPOT.TB combined with IFN-γ and IL-2 shows high sensitivity and specificity in differential diagnosis of ATB and non-ATB and can be used as method for auxiliary diagnosis of ATB,and it has significant clinical value.

OBJECTIVE To explore the value of tuberculosis infection T cell spot test(T-SPOT.TB)combined with cytokines interleukin-2(IL-2),interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in differential diagnosis of active tuberculosis(ATB)and non-ATB.METHODS A total of 186 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)who were treated in Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital from Feb.2021 to Mar.2024 were recruited as the research subjects and were divided in-to the ATB group with 92 cases and the non-ATB group with 94 cases according to the result of sputum culture for MTB,which was taken as the golden standard.The T-SPOT.TB was carried out for all of the subjects.The base-line data were collected from the two groups of patients.The hierarchical regression analysis was performed by setting the T-SPOT.TB,IL-2 and IFN-γ as the dependent variables,clinical symptoms of cough and fever as the independent variables.The impact of the clinical characteristics on T-SPOT.TB,IL-2 and IFN-γ was observed.The value of T-SPOT.TB combined with cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ in differential diagnosis and ATB and non-ATB was evaluated by means of principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares discrimi-nant analysis(PLS-DA).The efficiencies of T-SPOT.TB,IL-2,IFN-γ and prediction model were examined by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS There were significant differences in cough,fever,IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,IL-8 and IFN-γ between the two groups(P＜0.05).There were statistically positive correlations between the clinical symptoms of cough,fever and the T-SPOT.TB,IL-2 and IFN-γ(P＜0.05).The result of PCA model and PLS-DA model showed that there were less significant individual differences between the ATB pa-tients and the non-ATB patients,the two groups could be remarkably clustered and identified.The area under the curve(AUC)of the joint model was highest(0.913)(0.875 to 0.950)(P＜0.05),with the sensitivity 90.24％,the specificity 74.54％.CONCLUSION The T-SPOT.TB combined with IFN-γ and IL-2 shows high sensitivity and specificity in differential diagnosis of ATB and non-ATB and can be used as method for auxiliary diagnosis of ATB,and it has significant clinical value.