Ophiopogon japonicus, a precious medicinal plant endemic to Zhejiang Province. Its tuberous roots are rich in bioactive components such as flavonoids, possessing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. To elucidate the impact of cadmium (Cd) stress on the accumulation and biosynthetic pathway of flavonoids in O. japonicus, this study exposed O. japonicus to different concentrations of Cd stress and explored the changes through integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis. The results demonstrated that Cd stress (1 mg/L and 10 mg/L) significantly increased the content of flavonoids in O. japonicus in a concentration-dependent manner. The metabolomics analysis revealed a total of 110 flavonoids including flavones, flavanols, flavonols, flavone and flavonol derivatives, flavanones, isoflavonoids, chalcones and dihydrochalcones, and anthocyanins in O. japonicus, among which flavones, flavonols, flavone and flavonol derivatives, and anthocyanins increased under Cd stress. The transcriptomics analysis identified several key flavonoid biosynthesis-associated genes with up-regulated expression under Cd stress, including 14 genes encoding 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4CL), 2 genes encoding chalcone isomerase (CHI), and 14 genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL). The gene-metabolite regulatory network indicated significant positive correlations of 4CL (Cluster-21637.5012, Cluster-21637.90648, and Cluster-21637.62637) and CHI (Cluster-21637.111909 and Cluster-21637.123300) with flavonoid metabolites, suggesting that these genes promoted the synthesis of specific flavonoid metabolites, which led to the accumulation of total flavonoids under Cd stress. These findings provide theoretical support for the cultivation and utilization of medicinal plants in Cd-contaminated environments and offered new perspectives for studying plant responses to heavy metal stress.
Cadmium/toxicity* ; Flavonoids/biosynthesis* ; Metabolomics ; Ophiopogon/drug effects* ; Stress, Physiological ; Transcriptome ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution is one of the major environmental problems globally. Ophiopogon japonicus, a multifunctional plant extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine, has demonstrated potential in environmental remediation. This study investigated the Cd accumulation pattern of O. japonicus under cadmium stress and identified the heavy metal ATPase (HMA) family members in this plant. Our results demonstrated that O. japonicus exhibited a Cd enrichment factor (EF) of 2.75, demonstrating strong potential for soil Cd pollution remediation. Nine heavy metal ATPase (HMA) members of P1B-ATPases were successfully identified from the transcriptome data of O. japonicus, with OjHMA1-OjHMA6 classified as the Zn/Co/Cd/Pb-ATPases and OjHMA7-OjHMA9 as the Cu/Ag-ATPases. The expression levels of OjHMA1, OjHMA2, OjHMA3, and OjHMA7 were significantly up-regulated under Cd stress, highlighting their crucial roles in cadmium ion absorption and transport. The topological analysis revealed that these proteins possessed characteristic transmembrane (TM) segments of the family, along with functional A, P, and N domains involved in regulating ion absorption and release. Metal ion-binding sites (M4, M5, and M6) existed on the TM segments. Based on the number of transmembrane domains and the residues at metal ion-binding sites, the plant HMA family members were categorized into three subgroups: P1B-1 ATPases, P1B-2 ATPases, and P1B-4 ATPases. Specifically, the P1B-1 ATPase subgroup included the motifs TM4(CPC), TM5(YN[X]₄P), and TM6(M[XX]SS); the P1B-2 ATPase subgroup featured the motifs TM4(CPC), TM5(K), and TM6(DKTGT); the P1B-4 ATPase subgroup contained the motifs TM4(SPC) and TM6(HE[X]GT), all of which were critical for protein functions. Molecular docking results revealed the importance of conserved sequences such as CPC/SPC, DKTGT, and HE[X]GT in metal ion coordination and stabilization. These findings provide potential molecular targets for enhancing Cd uptake and tolerance of O. japonicus by genetic engineering and lay a theoretical foundation for developing new cultivars with high Cd accumulation capacity.
Cadmium/metabolism* ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism* ; Ophiopogon/drug effects* ; Soil Pollutants/toxicity* ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Stress, Physiological ; Multigene Family ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of 3D total hip arthroplasty in elderly patients with acetabular fracture.Methods:A total of 43 patients with non-obsolete acetabular fractures admitted to Xining First People's Hospital from May 2016 to December 2018 were randomly divided into the control group (22 cases) and the observation group (21 cases) for a perspective study. The control group received routine surgery and the observation group was treated with total hip arthroplasty combined with 3D printing. The patient's operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospitalization time were recorded. The hip function was assessed by Harris Hip Scale (HHS) after 6 months of follow-up. The patient's quality of life was assessed using the short form 36 item health survey questionnaire (SF-36) before and 6 months after surgery. The complications of the patients during operation and follow-up were recorded.Results:The operation time, hospital stay and intraoperative blood loss were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group ( P<0.05). At 6 months after operation, the hip joint function of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group ( P<0.05); the quality of life scores were significantly higher than the control group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups ( P<0.05). Conclusions:3D printed total hip arthroplasty can effectively improve the operation and hip function of elderly patients with non-obsolete acetabular fracture and the quality of life of patients without increasing adverse reactions.

Objective:To compare the prognosis of hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients without diabetes mellitus and identify related influencing factors.Methods:Patients who started hemodialysis with an arteriovenous graft or fistula or PD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 1, 2013 to February 1,2019 were included. They were followed up until May 1, 2019. The patients were divided into HD group and PD group according to the initial dialysis modality. Kaplan-Meier method was used to obtain survival curves, the Cox regression model was used to evaluate influence factors for survival rates, and the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to eliminate influence of the confounders in the groups.Results:There were 371 patients with maintenance dialysis enrolled in this study, including 113 cases (30.5%) in HD group and 258 cases (69.5%) in PD group. At baseline, the scores of standard mean difference ( SMD) in age, body mass index (BMI), combined with cerebrovascular disease, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), blood potassium, plasma albumin and hemoglobin between the two groups were greater than 0.1. The score of SMD decreased after IPTW, and the most data were less than 0.1, which meant that the balance had been reached between the two groups. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the cumulative survival rates had no significant difference for all-cause death before using IPTW between the two groups (Log-rank χ2=0.094, P=0.759). After adjusting for confounders with IPTW, the Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the cumulative survival rates still had no significant difference for all-cause death between the two groups (Log-rank χ2=2.090, P=0.150). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference between HD and PD on survival rates in ESRD patients without diabetes mellitus for all-cause death (PD/HD, HR=1.171, 95% CI 0.426-3.223, P=0.760). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference between HD and PD on survival rates in ESRD patients without diabetes mellitus (PD/HD, HR=1.460, 95% CI 0.515-4.144, P=0.477), and high plasma albumin ( HR=0.893, 95% CI 0.813-0.981, P=0.019) was an independent protective factor for survival in ESRD patients without diabetes mellitus. There was still no significant difference between HD and PD on survival rates in ESRD patients without diabetes mellitus after using IPTW (PD/HD, HR=1.842, 95% CI 0.514-6.604, P=0.348). Conclusion:The difference of cumulative survival rates between HD and PD is not significant in ESRD patients without diabetes mellitus.

Objective:To study the relationship between IL-1β and TNFα expression and cell apoptosis in gingival tissue of the subjects with diabetes associated periodontitis(DAP).Methods:20 cases of DAP(group DAP) and 20 cases of health controls(group H)were included.The cell apoptosis and the ultrastructural changes in gingival tissue were observed by Tunnel staining and transmission electron microscope (TEM).IL-1β and TNFα expression in gingival tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining.SBI,GI,PD and AL of the subjects were measured.The relationship between the level of IL-1β,TNFα and the cell appotosis was analyzed.Results:Apoptosis was obvious in prickle cells and basal cells of gingival tissue of DAP group.The percentage of apoptosis cells of DAP group was significantly higher than that of group H(P＜0.01).The expression of IL-1β and TNFα in group DAP was significant higher than that of group H (P＜0.01),and the mainly positive expression cells were macrophages,plasmocytes and lymphocytes.Conclusion:IL-1β and TNFα play a role in cell apoptosis in the gingival tissue of the patients with DAP.

Objective To analyze the results of HBsAg weakly positive and both HBsAg and HBsAb simultaneously positive in 5 items of hepatitis B detected by ELISA .Methods 115 cases of HBsAg weakly positive and 95 cases of both HBsAg and HBsAb simultaneously positive were screened out from 35 280 cases of 5 items detection results of hepatitis B .210 screened samples were performed the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) quantitation .Results 115 cases of HBsAg weakly positive were re‐detected by using ECLIA ,90 cases had the consistent results with the coincidence rate of 78 .3% .After ECLIA re‐detection in 95 cases of HBsAg and HBsAb double positive results ,11 cases had the consistent results with the coincidence rate of 11 .6% .Conclu‐sion The results of HBsAg weakly positive and both HBsAg and HBsAb double positive in 5 items of hepatitis B detected by ELISA must be cautious .In the detection results of HBsAg weakly positive ,the majority are the samples of HBsAg ,HBeAb and HBcAb positive and HBsAg and HBcAb positive .The results of HBsAg and HBsAb simultaneously positive have poor reliability , which should be careful to issue the detection reports .