BACKGROUND

According to the World Health Organization, in 2016, there were more than 1.9 billion adults who were overweight. Of these, over 650 million were obese. Physical inactivity is one of the major risk factors for several non-communicable diseases. Healthcare workers who have direct contact with patients often influence their behaviors. However, health care workers who educate their patients but they themselves do not practice what they recommend, may be one of the barriers that can affect patient education and influence.

This research paper aimed to investigate the motivation to participate in physical activity among healthcare workers and to determine the association between the profile of respondents with the different types of motivation.

There was a total of 250 randomly selected respondents who were included in the study. Data were gathered through a self-administered questionnaire utilizing the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-2). Descriptive statistics was used to summarize sociodemographic information, physical activity levels and BREQ-2 profiles. T-test was used to analyze differences in gender while analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for levels of physical activity and professional category.

Female healthcare professionals have a higher average in amotivation (mean=0.56) while males have a higher average in intrinsic (mean=2.82) motivation. Nurses and ancillary services have higher average amotivation scores than physicians.

Health care workers who have high classification in physical activity have the highest average scores in terms of relative autonomy index, introjected, identified, and intrinsic scores. This demonstrates a positive association between motivation from internal regulation and increased physical activity.

In this study, we investigated how empathic neural responses unfold over time in different empathy networks when viewing same-race and other-race individuals in dynamic painful conditions. We recorded magnetoencephalography signals from Chinese adults when viewing video clips showing a dynamic painful (or non-painful) stimulation to Asian and White models' faces to trigger painful (or neutral) expressions. We found that perceived dynamic pain in Asian models modulated neural activities in the visual cortex at 100 ms-200 ms, in the orbitofrontal and subgenual anterior cingulate cortices at 150 ms-200 ms, in the anterior cingulate cortex around 250 ms-350 ms, and in the temporoparietal junction and middle temporal gyrus around 600 ms after video onset. Perceived dynamic pain in White models modulated activities in the visual, anterior cingulate, and primary sensory cortices after 500 ms. Our findings unraveled earlier dynamic activities in multiple neural circuits in response to same-race (vs other-race) individuals in dynamic painful situations.
Adult ; Humans ; Brain Mapping ; Pain ; Empathy ; Racism ; Gyrus Cinguli/physiology* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Brain/physiology*

BACKGROUND: The discourse over the relative importance of emotional intelligence (EQ) and cognitive intelligence (IQ) in predicting life success has been a contentious debate over the past few decades. OBJECTIVES: This study examines the interplay between IQ and EQ among gifted Filipino medical students in the University of the Philippines' Integrated Liberal Arts and Medicine (INTARMED) program, who are faced with the dual pressures of being intellectually gifted and coping with the demands of medical education at a young age. METHODOLOGY: Using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design, 76 participants were administered with standardized tests to measure their EQ and IQ levels. This was followed by in-depth interviews to explore their self-perceptions of intellectual giftedness and emotional competence. RESULTS: Results show that participants have high intellectual ability but with an average level of emotional intelligence, suggesting that while these students excel academically, their emotional competencies might not be as developed. Notably, a weak but significant correlation between IQ and EQ scores was identified, indicating that higher cognitive abilities may be associated with slightly elevated emotional skills. Qualitative findings highlighted the internal conflict between self-perception and societal stereotypes of giftedness, alongside challenges in social interaction and low stress tolerance amidst high adaptability. CONCLUSION Findings of this study emphasize the crucial role of emotional intelligence in coping with stress and social expectations, particularly in high-pressure academic environments like medical school. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on IQ vs. EQ debate by providing empirical evidence on the complex relationship between cognitive and emotional intelligence. It underscores the need for a more nuanced understanding of success, beyond traditional academic achievements, advocating for the integration of emotional competence training within the medical curriculum to better prepare students for the challenges ahead in their medical profession.
Human ; Emotional Intelligence

INTRODUCTION: The landscape of work has changed since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic as more companies shifted from face-to-face to the work-from-home (WFH) setup. This change has affected several aspects of human life especially the motivation to WFH. The study aimed to determine the motivation of WFH among office workers in the National Capital Region (NCR) from March 2020 to February 2022 METHODS: Using a descriptive cross-sectional study design, an online survey of WFH office workers around the NCR, Philippines was conducted. A 26-item questionnaire on motivation covering dimensions of availability (flexibility), safety (work-life balance), and meaningfulness (work performance) was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. RESULTS: A total of 252 respondents were included in the study, with a majority identifying as females aged 21 to 30, never married, and college graduates. Additionally, respondents reported having one to five years of work experience and were employed in professional/technical/managerial fields. Regarding the impact of remote work, the findings indicated that most individuals who worked from home (WFH) felt motivated by this setup due to its positive effects on availability, time and cost savings from reduced commuting, and the flexibility it provided for managing their schedules according to personal preferences. Furthermore, in terms of safety and conducive work environment, WFH office workers expressed agreement that the remote work setup contributed to a favorable work environment, leading to increased job satisfaction. This setup allowed them to effectively balance work responsibilities with personal and family commitments. The study also revealed that WFH office workers perceived a sense of meaningfulness in their work, as they felt trusted and valued by their employers. This sentiment contributed to their overall well-being, both physically and mentally CONCLUSION Work-from-home office workers are generally always motivated in terms of availability (flexibility), safety (work-life balance) and meaningfulness (work performance).
motivation ; flexibility ; work-life-balance ; work performance

Educators must be able to conscientiously assess their learners' readiness for online learning to achieve an effective and relevant delivery of education. Studies suggest that the extent of emotional intelligence contributes to the readiness for online learning of nursing students. Also, emotional intelligence can be a preventative factor in traversing the path to online learning during the global health crisis. The aim of the study is to assess nursing students' readiness for online learning and emotional intelligence. In addition, it seeks to identify the association between readiness in online learning and emotional intelligence. The study utilized a descriptive-quantitative survey method, including 174 nursing students from a selected local university offering nursing program in the National Capital Region. The data gathering was conducted during the 24th to 27th of March 2020 or during the 2nd week of Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ). The study adapted and modified the emotional intelligence scale by Hyde et al. (2002) and the Tool for Online Learning Success (TOOLS) by Kerr et al. (2006). The tools were pre-tested with reliability test results of 0.949 and 0.892, respectively, showing acceptable reliability. Then, data was gathered using an online gathering instrument and statistically analyzed using SPSS Version 24. The findings of the study suggest that nursing students are highly mindful of their academic skills (m=3.870) and independent learning (m=3.767). For the EI of the participants, based on the ten domains, the high scores are on emotional stability (m=4.929), self-development (m=4.989), and integrity (m=4.198). In addition, there was a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and readiness for online learning of nursing students, specifically on computer skills (r=0.318; p<0.001), academic knowledge (r=0.675; p<0.001), and independent learning (r=0.750; p<0.001). Assessing the emotional intelligence of nursing students and their readiness for online learning gives the academic institution an overview of the feelings, emotions, and capabilities of students. It creates a guide for any actions which involve the students.
Emotional Intelligence ; Students, Nursing

Becoming a parent is a significant life transition accompanied by various experiences and emotions that may be both fulfilling and rewarding, as well as challenging and stressful for both the mother and father. Mercer's theory of becoming a mother provides a framework for mothers' adaptation and role attainment throughout the perinatal period. However, a theoretical gap exists surrounding fathers' adaptability and role attainment, as fathers are frequently forgotten, and their experiences are overlooked. Although becoming a father can be a rewarding or satisfying experience that results in positive changes in men's lives, some fathers experience concerns and contradictions as a result of a shift in their roles, responsibilities, and social expectations, which result in maladaptation and mental health challenges. Given the significance of fathers in the family, community, and society, this concept analysis aimed to bridge the gap by proposing a theory that will guide fathers in successfully adapting to and reaching a solid role identity. The concept analysis methodology from Walker and Avant (2011) was utilized to define the concept of paternal adaptation and role attainment, attributes, antecedents, consequences, cases, and empirical referents. This paper concludes that perinatal fathers' adaptability and role attainment improve psycho-emotional, cognitive, relational, and behavioral outcomes, improving paternal-maternal-infant quality of life and developmental products when influenced by positive personal resources, adequate family, friends support, and community resources. Given the implications of paternal maladaptation on the family, a theoretical framework for fathers is crucial. Hence, the theory of paternal adaptation and role attainment is proposed.
Pregnancy ; Mothers ; Fathers ; Motivation

Radical gastrectomy combined with perioperative comprehensive treatment is the main curable strategy for gastric cancer patients, and postoperative complications are the issue that gastric surgeons have to face. Complications not only affect the short-term postoperative recovery, but also facilitate tumor recurrence or metastasis, thus resulting in poor prognosis. Therefore, unifying the diagnostic criteria for postoperative complications, bringing the surgeons' attention to complications, and understanding the potential mechanism of complications undermining long-term survival, will be helpful to the future improvement of the clinical diagnosis and treatment as well as prognosis for gastric cancer patients in China. Meanwhile, surgeons should constantly hone their operative skills, improve their sense of responsibility and empathy, and administer individualized perioperative management based on patients' general conditions, so as to minimize the occurrence of postoperative complications and their influence on prognosis.
Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology* ; Empathy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery* ; Prognosis ; Gastrectomy/methods* ; Postoperative Complications/etiology* ; Surgeons ; Retrospective Studies

From birth to adulthood, we often align our behaviors, attitudes, and opinions with a majority, a phenomenon known as social conformity. A seminal framework has proposed that conformity behaviors are mainly driven by three fundamental motives: a desire to gain more information to be accurate, to obtain social approval from others, and to maintain a favorable self-concept. Despite extensive interest in neuroimaging investigation of social conformity, the relationship between brain systems and these fundamental motivations has yet to be established. Here, we reviewed brain imaging findings of social conformity with a componential framework, aiming to reveal the neuropsychological substrates underlying different conformity motivations. First, information-seeking engages the evaluation of social information, information integration, and modification of task-related activity, corresponding to brain networks implicated in reward, cognitive control, and tasks at hand. Second, social acceptance involves the anticipation of social acceptance or rejection and mental state attribution, mediated by networks of reward, punishment, and mentalizing. Third, self-enhancement entails the excessive representation of positive self-related information and suppression of negative self-related information, ingroup favoritism and/or outgroup derogation, and elaborated mentalizing processes to the ingroup, supported by brain systems of reward, punishment, and mentalizing. Therefore, recent brain imaging studies have provided important insights into the fundamental motivations of social conformity in terms of component processes and brain mechanisms.
Humans ; Social Conformity ; Motivation ; Brain ; Social Behavior ; Brain Mapping

Predatory hunting is an important type of innate behavior evolutionarily conserved across the animal kingdom. It is typically composed of a set of sequential actions, including prey search, pursuit, attack, and consumption. This behavior is subject to control by the nervous system. Early studies used toads as a model to probe the neuroethology of hunting, which led to the proposal of a sensory-triggered release mechanism for hunting actions. More recent studies have used genetically-trackable zebrafish and rodents and have made breakthrough discoveries in the neuroethology and neurocircuits underlying this behavior. Here, we review the sophisticated neurocircuitry involved in hunting and summarize the detailed mechanism for the circuitry to encode various aspects of hunting neuroethology, including sensory processing, sensorimotor transformation, motivation, and sequential encoding of hunting actions. We also discuss the overlapping brain circuits for hunting and feeding and point out the limitations of current studies. We propose that hunting is an ideal behavioral paradigm in which to study the neuroethology of motivated behaviors, which may shed new light on epidemic disorders, including binge-eating, obesity, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.
Animals ; Zebrafish ; Hunting ; Predatory Behavior/physiology* ; Neurons/physiology* ; Motivation

The pediatric total facial management refers to a series of diagnosis and treatment processes to achieve the healthy development of the face through reasonable medical intervention. The main reason for the poor treatment effect is that the first contact doctor is limited to his own disciplinary analysis and treatment. The importance of multidisciplinary cooperation in the diagnosis and treatment of facial dysplasia in children has become increasingly prominent. it is necessary to comprehensively analyze and find the pathogenic factors of patients and formulate a comprehensive treatment plan to restore normal upper airway structure and nasal breathing, and then reshape the healthy craniomaxillofacial tissue structure, and the monitoring of the results of medical intervention should accompany the whole process of children's growth and development. This paper summarizes the current situation of the treatment of children with facial dysplasia and puts forward the concept of orderly individualized multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment of pediatric oral maxillofacial management.
Child ; Humans ; Motivation ; Nose ; Trachea ; Respiration ; Health Status