Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis is a rare, benign condition of unknown etiology characterized by extensive gingival overgrowth. This case reports a severe skeletal Class Ⅱ adult female patient with idiopathic gingival fibromatosis. The patient underwent multidisciplinary treatment involving periodontics, orthodontics, and orthognathic surgery, resulting in remarkable crown height elongation, substantial improvements in occlusal function and aesthetics, and stable long-term follow-up outcomes. This case provides a reference for future clinical practice.
Humans ; Female ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II/complications* ; Fibromatosis, Gingival/complications* ; Adult ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the correlations and proportional relationships between maxillary anterior teeth (MAT) and facial measurements in Han Chinese individuals with the most attractive smiles, as evaluated by dental professionals. METHODS: Ten dentists with more than 5 years of clinical experience from different professional directions in a tertiary stomatological hospital were selected to evaluate the smile attractiveness of volunteers by visual analogue scale (VAS). Eighty-eight Han volunteers with the most attractive smile were selected. The perceived width of the MAT, the dimensions (height and width) of the maxillary central incisors (MCI), and the facial dimensions (intercanthal distance, interzygomatic distance, interalar distance, facial height and lower facial height) of the volunteers were measured on the frontal photos of the smile, digital oral model, and 3D face model. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze linear correlations, and regression analysis was carried out to explore the proportional relationships. Reliability analysis using the intraclass correlation coefficient verified the stability of these proportional relationships. In addition, the correlations between MAT perceived width and the proportional relationships of (MCI) height to width ratio, with facial dimensions were explored and their reliability was verified. RESULTS: In Han Chinese individuals with the most attractive smiles, as evaluated by dental professionals, the Pearson correlation coefficients among MAT perceived widths were 0.813, 0.389, and 0.560. A proportional relationship existed between the lateral incisor and central incisor, and the ratio was 0.729. No significant correlations were found between MCI and the inner canthal distance, zygomatic distance, interalar distance, facial height, or the lower one-third facial height except for a negative correlation (r=-0.357) between MCI height and facial height in males and a positive correlation (r=0.249) between MCI width and interalar width when genders were combined. CONCLUSIONS Correlations exist among MAT perceived widths in Han Chinese individuals with the most attractive smiles, as evaluated by dental professionals. Partial correlations are observed between MCI height and width and facial measurements. The perceived width of the lateral incisor can serve as a reference indicator for predicting the perceived width of the central incisor, providing a reference for the aesthetic restoration of MAT in the Han ethnicity population.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; China ; Esthetics, Dental ; Face/anatomy & histology* ; Incisor/anatomy & histology* ; Maxilla/anatomy & histology* ; Smiling ; East Asian People

Objective:To discuss the optimal doping concentration of vanadium(V)and silicon(Si)co-doped TiO? coating(V-Si TiO?)formed on titanium surface by electrochemical treatment,to evaluate its antibacterial effect under visible light irradiation,and to clarify its visible light response mechanism.Methods:The medical pure titanium sheets were subjected to micro-arc oxidation followed by high-temperature calcination,and V-Si TiO2 coatings with different doping concentrations were prepared by adjusting the ratio of V to Si in the electrolyte.The experiment was divided into 1V:10Si(V5Si50)group,2V:10Si(V10Si50)group,and 3V:10Si(V15Si50)group;control group was set up(contains only bacterial culture medium).The optimal doping concentration was screened based on comprehensive evaluation of surface morphology,ion release,photocatalytic ability,and biocompatibility;cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method was used to detect the proliferation activities and the survival rates of the cells in various group.Subsequently,the optimized coating was characterized and compared by scanning electron microscope(SEM),atomic force microscopy(AFM),digital eddy current coating thickness gauge,X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscope(XPS),and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy(UV-vis).The experiment was divided into PT group(blank control),PEO group(no element doping),V10 group(V doping),Si50 group(Si doping),and V10Si50 group(2V:10Si).The ability of the coating materials to degrade methylene blue(MB)and generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)under visible light were detected.For antibacterial experiments,Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Escherichia coli(E.coli)were used.The colony counts on plates in various groups were recorded after visible light irradiation for 2 h and dark treatment for 2 h,respectively.The ROS levels were detected using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)ROS probe.ROS scavenging experiment was performed using the optimal doping concentration V10Si50 group,and the two kinds of bacteria were divided into blank control group,N-acetylcysteine(NAC)group,V10Si50 group,and NAC+V10Si50 group.The colony counts on plates in various groups were recorded after visible light irradiation for 2 h.Results:The V concentration of 0.01 mol·L?1 and Si concentration of 0.05 mol·L?1 in the electrolyte solution were the optimal doping concentrations for the V-Si TiO? coating.The SEM observation results showed that compared with V5Si50 group and V15Si50 group,the surface pore size of the coating material in V10Si50 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the coating thickness was significantly increased(P<0.05);its crystal structure was mainly anatase type,and the MB degradation rate of the coating material in V10Si50 group after 9 h of visible light catalysis was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the cell proliferation activity and cell survival rate in V10Si50 group were significantly increased at 1,2,and 4 d of cell culture(P<0.05);at 2 and 4 d of cell culture,the cell proliferation activity and cell survival rate in V5Si50 group and V15Si50 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with PT,PEO,and Si50 groups,the colony counts of two kinds of the bacteria in V10 group and V10Si50 group after visible light irradiation for 2 h were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with PT group and PEO group,the ROS levels in two kinds of the bacteria in V10Si50 group after 2 h of irradiation were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with V10Si50 group,the colony counts of two kinds of the bacteria in NAC+V10Si50 group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:A reasonably loaded V-Si TiO? coating material(V10Si50)was screened out,which maintained good biological activity and significantly enhanced the antibacterial effect under visible light irradiation.

With the rapid development of information technology,WeChat official accounts have emerged as an essential tool in the education sector,standing out among numerous platforms due to their simplicity and versatile functions.This paper examines the chal-lenges in traditional orthodontic practice teaching and explores innovative approaches and practical outcomes of empowering undergradu-ate orthodontic practice teaching through WeChat official accounts.Educators utilize the platform to upload instructional videos on arch-wire bending,creating a"mobile and shared"teaching platform that provides students with additional support for self-learning and clin-ical practice.Through personalized instruction,students develop a"mind-eye-hand"three-dimensional operational skillset.The study reveals that empowering orthodontic education with WeChat official accounts effectively enhances students' learning interest,optimizes classroom time,and facilitates a mutual workload reduction for both teachers and students during teaching reforms.Furthermore,it pro-motes the homogenization,flexibility,and ecological development of teaching content.This model demonstrates promising application prospects and offers new ideas and practical pathways for digital innovation and transformation in dental education.

With the rapid development of information technology,WeChat official accounts have emerged as an essential tool in the education sector,standing out among numerous platforms due to their simplicity and versatile functions.This paper examines the chal-lenges in traditional orthodontic practice teaching and explores innovative approaches and practical outcomes of empowering undergradu-ate orthodontic practice teaching through WeChat official accounts.Educators utilize the platform to upload instructional videos on arch-wire bending,creating a"mobile and shared"teaching platform that provides students with additional support for self-learning and clin-ical practice.Through personalized instruction,students develop a"mind-eye-hand"three-dimensional operational skillset.The study reveals that empowering orthodontic education with WeChat official accounts effectively enhances students' learning interest,optimizes classroom time,and facilitates a mutual workload reduction for both teachers and students during teaching reforms.Furthermore,it pro-motes the homogenization,flexibility,and ecological development of teaching content.This model demonstrates promising application prospects and offers new ideas and practical pathways for digital innovation and transformation in dental education.

0bjective To explore the effectiveness of caregivers based on health education under the guidance of timing theory in the nursing of elderly patients after hip replacement.Methods By convenient sampling method,eighty elderly patients undergoing hip replacement were divided into control group and observation group,40 cases in each group.The control group was given routine orthopedic care,and the observation group was based on health management under the guidance of the timing theory(total hip replacement,TIR)based on routine orthopedic care.The Harris Hip Score,Activities of Daily Living Scale(Barthel index),Caregiver Burden Inventory and Family Caregiver Task Inventory were used to compare and evaluate the application effect of health education of two groups of caregivers in the nursing of elderly patients after hip replacement.Results The patients were observed one month and three months after discharge,the Harris score and Barthel index of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.01).At discharge,1 month after discharge and 3 months after discharge,the FCTI score(P<0.01)and CBI score(P<0.01)of family caregivers in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group.Conclusion Caregivers based on health education under the guidance of timing theory can effectively reduce the care burden of caregivers,enhance the care ability of caregivers,improve the rehabilitation effect of patients,and ameliorative the quality of life of patients.

Malocclusion,identified by the World Health Organization(WHO)as one of three major oral diseases,profoundly impacts the dental-maxillofacial functions,facial esthetics,and long-term development of～260 million children in China.Beyond its physical manifestations,malocclusion also significantly influences the psycho-social well-being of these children.Timely intervention in malocclusion can foster an environment conducive to dental-maxillofacial development and substantially decrease the incidence of malocclusion or reduce the severity and complexity of malocclusion in the permanent dentition,by mitigating the negative impact of abnormal environmental influences on the growth.Early orthodontic treatment encompasses accurate identification and treatment of dental and maxillofacial morphological and functional abnormalities during various stages of dental-maxillofacial development,ranging from fetal stages to the early permanent dentition phase.From an economic and societal standpoint,the urgency for effective early orthodontic treatments for malocclusions in childhood cannot be overstated,underlining its profound practical and social importance.This consensus paper discusses the characteristics and the detrimental effects of malocclusion in children,emphasizing critical need for early treatment.It elaborates on corresponding core principles and fundamental approaches in early orthodontics,proposing comprehensive guidance for preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment,serving as a reference for clinicians engaged in early orthodontic treatment.

Objective:To assess the value of amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) imaging in the evaluation of pH changes in infarct core (IC) and ischemic penumbra (IP) in subacute cerebral infarction.Methods:The data of twenty-three subacute cerebral infarction patients with unilateral steno-occlusive disease of the middle cerebral artery (subacute infarction group) from April to November 2019 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University were prospectively analyzed. Fifteen healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study as the control group. All subjects underwent conventional MRI, DWI, 3D-pseudo continuous arterial spin labeling (3D-pCASL) and APTw sequences. Based on DWI images, relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and APTw images to determine the region of IC, blood flow penumbra [cerebral blood flow(CBF)-DWI mismatch area, IP CBF] and metabolic penumbra (APTw-DWI mismatched area, IP APT). 3D ROIs were used to semi-automatically measure the APTw signals and the volume of IC and IP CBF of the patients in subacute infarction group. The comparison of APTw signals between the infarct side and the contralateral side in the subacute infarction group, the comparison of bilateral APTw signals in the control group, and the comparison of APTw signals in the IC and IP CBF regions were performed by paired-sample t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The paired-sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the APTw signals between the two groups. The Friedman test was applied to compare the difference of volumes among IP CBF1.5, IP CBF2.5 and IP APT . Results:There was no significant difference of the APTw signals among the IC, the contralateral side in the subacute infarction group and the control group ( P>0.05). The APTw signals of IP CBF and IC of the infarction group were statistically different ( P<0.05). Compared with the contralateral side of IP CBF1.5 (3.7±1.7, -1.84±1.48, 5.57±2.75), the APTwmax (3.07±1.41, t=-3.012, P=0.006), APTw min [-1.30 (-1.74, -0.57), Z=-2.099, P=0.036], and APTwmax-min(4.51±2.58, t=-3.273, P=0.003) signals in the IP CBF1.5 were decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with the contralateral side of IP CBF2.5 [-1.53 (-2.80, -0.91), 5.31±2.61], the APTw min [-1.08 (-1.60, -0.49), Z=-2.616, P=0.009] and APTwmax-min (4.41±2.72, t=-3.228, P=0.004) signals in the IP CBF2.5 were decreased. The volumes of IP CBF1.5 [107.51(50.08, 138.61)mm 3], IP APT [99.00 (53.27, 121.335) mm 3] and IP CBF2.5 [89.91 (51.53, 139.87) mm 3] were successively reduced (χ2=7.913, P=0.019), and the volume of IP CBF2.5 was significantly smaller than that of IP CBF1.5 ( P=0.037). Conclusion:The acid-base metabolism in the IC of subacute cerebral infarction is not obvious, but the blood flow penumbra has local acid-base metabolism imbalance, and the range of metabolic penumbra coincides with the blood flow penumbra.

Periodontitis patients are at risk of alveolar bone loss during orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether intermittent parathyroid hormone (1-34) treatment (iPTH) could reduce alveolar bone loss during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in individuals with periodontitis and the underlying mechanism. A rat model of OTM in the context of periodontitis was established and alveolar bone loss was observed. The control, iPTH and iPTH + stattic groups received injections of vehicle, PTH and vehicle, or PTH and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor stattic, respectively. iPTH prevented alveolar bone loss by enhancing osteogenesis and suppressing bone resorption in the alveolar bone during OTM in rats with periodontitis. This effect of iPTH was along with STAT3 activation and reduced by a local injection of stattic. iPTH promoted osteoblastic differentiation and might further regulate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in a STAT3-dependent manner. The findings of this study suggest that iPTH might reduce alveolar bone loss during OTM in rats with periodontitis through STAT3/β-catenin crosstalk.
Animals ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Osteogenesis ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Periodontitis/drug therapy* ; Rats ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism* ; Tooth Movement Techniques ; beta Catenin

OBJECTIVE To assess the value of whole genome sequencing for the identification of de novo structural chromosomal abnormalities. METHODS Whole genome sequencing was utilized to analyze a boy with a peripheral blood karyotype of 46,XY,ins(3)(q21p13p21). The patient manifested with ocular abnormalities including blepharophimosis and ptosis. RESULTS Whole genome sequencing suggested a fragmentation of chromosome 3 (from position 55 473 257 to 78 341 929) has been inserted into between 136 876 730 to 138 643 831, and the breakpoints have occurred in the intergenic region. Meanwhile, there was a deletion between 138 643 831 and 138 694 476. This region contains FOXL2, a pathogenic gene associated with blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome. CONCLUSION De novo structural chromosomal abnormalities may be caused by novel breakpoints or microdeletion flanking the deletion region. To confirm its pathogenic nature, a mutation needs to be assessed at both genetic and genomic levels, for which whole genome sequencing is a good option.