AIM: To investigate the expression of Ficolin-3 and secreted frizzled-related protein 5(SFRP5)in the serum of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)combined with diabetic retinopathy(DR)and their diagnostic value.METHODS: Prospectively selected patients with T2DM combined with DR admitted to the hospital from May 2023 to May 2025 were divided into non-proliferative and proliferative groups according to the severity of DR. Another patients with T2DM alone during the same period were selected as the T2DM group. ELISA was used to detect Ficolin-3 and SFRP5 levels; Correlation of serum Ficolin-3, SFRP5 levels, and inflammatory markers in T2DM patients with DR were analyzed using Pearson method; Logistic regression was used to analyze related influencing factors; ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum Ficolin-3 and SFRP5 for DR in T2DM patients.RESULTS: This study included a total of 108 patients with T2DM combined with DR(57 cases in the non-proliferative group, 51 cases in the proliferative group)and 108 cases in the T2DM group. The non-proliferative group had an average age of 59.01±6.28 y, with 34 males and 23 females. The proliferative group had an average age of 59.09±6.35 y, with 30 males and 21 females. The T2DM group had an average age of 58.96±6.18 y, with 62 males and 46 females.The serum levels of Ficolin-3, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the non-proliferative and proliferative groups were higher than those in the T2DM group(all P<0.05), while the level of SFRP5 was lower than that in the T2DM group(all P<0.05). The serum levels of Ficolin-3, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the proliferative group were higher than those in the non-proliferative group(all P<0.05), and the level of SFRP5 was lower than that in the non-proliferative group(P<0.05).Complying with Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum Ficolin-3 was negatively correlated with SFRP5(P<0.05), and both were related to TNF-α and IL-6(all P<0.001). Logistic analysis showed that the course of diabetes, SUA, HbA1c, Ficolin-3, TNF-α, and IL-6 were the risk factors for T2DM patients with DR(all P<0.05), and SFRP5 was a protective factor(P<0.05). Complying with the ROC curve, the AUC values of serum Ficolin-3 and SFRP5 alone and their combination for diagnosing T2DM patients with DR were 0.774, 0.793, and 0.864, respectively. The AUC of combined diagnosis was better than that of single diagnosis(Z=2.694, Z=2.708, both P<0.05).CONCLUSION: In patients with T2DM complicated by DR, serum levels of Ficolin-3 and SFRP5 are abnormally expressed. Both are influencing factors for T2DM with DR, and the combined detection can improve the diagnostic value in these patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients with peripheral lung masses (PLMs), and to assess the diagnostic utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating benign and malignant PLMs. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 69 patients with PLM treated in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from January 2020 to December 2023. All patients underwent percutaneous biopsy, and were categorized into benign group (n＝36) and malignant group (n＝33). 25 patients were HIV-positive and 44 patients were HIV-negative. The clinical features and CEUS parameters in patients were compared across these groups. Results Patients with malignant masses were significantly older than those with benign masses (P＜0.05). In the malignant group, HIV-negative patients exhibited significantly larger tumor diameters compared to HIV-positive patients (P＜0.05); in the HIV-positive patients, no significant difference in tumor size was observed between benign and malignant masses. 19 patients underwent CEUS. 10 malignant masses, irrespective of HIV status (10 positive and 9 negative), commonly presented with indistinct margins, delayed enhancement, heterogeneous perfusion, and delayed peak enhancement on CEUS. 9 benign masses showed earlier peak enhancement compared to 10 malignant masses (P＜0.05); no significant differences were observed in the initiation and washout time of enhancement between benign and malignant masses. In HIV-positive patients, 5 benign masses frequently demonstrated discrepancies between CEUS findings and pathological results. Conclusions The clinical and CEUS characteristics were different between benign and malignant PLMs. However, CEUS shows limited accuracy in distinguishing benign and malignant PLMs, underscoring the need for pathological confirmation.

The Mofeng Ointment Formulation （MOF， 摩风膏方） is recorded in the Dunhuang manuscript Unnamed Treatise on the Pulse （《亡名氏脉经》） and stands as a representative ancient external therapeutic formula in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. Known for dispelling wind， activating blood circulation， warming the meridians， and relieving pain， it is particularly effective in treating rheumatic arthralgia. Through literature research， this paper systematically reviews the composition， preparation techniques， and clinical application characteristics of MOF. In recent years， advancements in modern pharmaceutical technology have led to the development of various innovative ointment-based formulations derived from the traditional recipe， such as Dunhuang Xiaoding Ointment （敦煌消定膏）， Dunhuang Xiaozhong and Zhentong Ointment （Patch） （敦煌消肿镇痛膏/贴）， Xiaoding Ointment （消定膏） gel patch， and Xiaoding Ointment （消定膏） cataplasm. These innovations explore pathways for transforming classical prescriptions into modern applications， providing a theoretical basis for the external TCM treatment of pain-related and orthopedic conditions.

Whole Genome Sequencing(WGS)technology,leveraging its significant advantages in precise microbial identification and traceability analysis,has become a core tool in international pharmaceutical microbial quality control.The release and implementation of the Guideline 9110 for Microbial Whole Genome Sequencing Technology in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition marks the official entry of China's pharmaceutical microbial quality con-trol into the genomic era.Guideline 9110 establishes universal technical specifications for the application of WGS technology in pharmaceutical microbial quality control,covering laboratory general requirements,key technical parameters,technical workflow,major factors affecting sequencing results,method validation,and application guidance.This article focuses on the background of the standard's development and its technical rationale,provi-ding a systematic interpretation of key technical indicators,the scope of application,and essential points for techni-cal implementation.It aims to offer theoretical guidance and practical references for the industry in applying WGS technology.

Objective:To evaluate the effect and causality of serum metabolites on the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), so as to provide reference for nutritional programs for patients with UC.Methods:Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to estimate the causal relationship between serum metabolites and UC. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 1 400 metabolites were performed, with the metabolites as exposure and UC as outcome. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was used to calculate causal estimates. Four other MR methods with different modeling assumptions including MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode were used as additional analyses to improve the stability of the results. The results were validated through heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests. Finally, the possible causal metabolites were analyzed by metabolic pathway analysis.Results:MR analysis revealed that 85 metabolites had a possible causal relationship with UC. Among them, phosphatidylglycerol 1,2-dipalmitoyl-gpc (DPPC) ( P=2.75×10 -6) and isovaleryl carnitine (C5) ( P=1.84×10 -5) were significant risk factors for UC. Metabolic pathway analysis identified 5 metabolic pathways that might be affected by these metabolites (all P<0.05), among which the porphyrin ( P=0.004) and pyrimidine metabolic pathways ( P=0.008) had higher confidence in impacting UC. Conclusions:There are causal relationships between some serum metabolites (in particular 1,2-dipalmitoyl-GPC and isovalerylcarnitine) and the risk of UC. The porphyrin and pyrimidine metabolic pathways may impact the pathogenesis of UC.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of silane and universal adhesive alone or in combination on the micro-shear bonding strength(μSBS)between resin cement and resin nanoceramic(Brilliant Crios)and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network(Vita Enam-ic)materials.Methods:The two experimental material blocks were respectively prepared into 42 specimens with a size of 7 mm×6 mm×1 mm,and 50 μm alumina particles were used for sandblasting pretreatment under 0.2 MPa atmospheric pressure.The speci-mens were randomly divided into 6 groups,and the following surface treatment strategies were applied except for control group:si-lane,universal adhesive with silane(single bond universal,SBU);universal adhesive without silane(One Coat 7 Universal,OCU),silane and SBU,silane and OCU.Water contact angle measurements were used to observe the wettability of the 2 materials before and after silane treatment.The bonded specimens were prepared to test μSBS,which were analyzed by Weibull and the failure modes and were observed by stereo microscope.The morphology of the bonding interface was observed by SEM before and after si-lane treatment.Results:After the two materials were treated with silane,the water contact angle decreased(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference of μSBS between the silane and control groups for Brilliant Crios(P＞0.05),while the μSBS improved in the other experimental groups(P＜0.05).Among the groups,silane+OCU group exhibited the highest Weibull modulus and charac-teristic strength.The μSBS of the experimental groups was increased compared with the Vita Enamic control group(P＜0.05),silane+SBU group demonstrated the highest Weibull modulus and characteristic strength.Conclusion:Silane can improve the wetta-bility of the interface,and it alone improves the μSBS of Vita Enamic,but does not improve the μSBS of Brilliant Crios.The com-bined use of silane and universal adhesive enhances the μSBS between resin-ceramic composites and resin cement.

Objective:To explore the quantitative indexes of dual energy spectrum CT and related clinical data to establish a predictive model for predicting pneumoconiosis.Methods:In April 2024, the information of 203 pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed by the occupational disease appraisal expert group in the Third People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Occupational Disease Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region) from January 2022 to December 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. Another 207 non-pneumoconiosis patients with dust exposure history were selected as control group. The measurement data between the two groups were compared using T test or Wilcoxon in dependent quality test, count date asing chi-square or Fishers test, the energy spectrum related indicators and clinical indicators of the patients were compared between groups, and potential factors for diagnosis of pneumoconiosis were screened through univariate analysis, and independent risk factors were further determined by multivariate logistic regression. Based on the results of regression analysis, the machine learning model was constructed, and the reciver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the efficiency of the model, and the Area under cruve (AUC) value, sensitivity and specificity were calculated.Results:Smoking, lung tissue mass, silicon dioxide (SiO 2) equivalent total mass and SiO 2 equivalent concentration were the risk factors for pneumoconiosis ( P<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, lung tissue mass, total lung SiO 2 equivalent total volume and total lung SiO 2 equivalent total mass were independent predicators of the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis ( OR=0.53, 0.99, 1.13, 0.85, P<0.05) . Logistic regression machine learning was used to establish a predictive model, and the training set AUC was 0.74, and the verification set AUC was 0.72, indicating that the model had good accuracy and certain ability to diagnose pneumoconiosis. Conclusion:The machine learning prediction model established by the quantitative analysis index of dual energy spectrum CT and clinical related indexes has a good diagnostic performance for the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of silane and universal adhesive alone or in combination on the micro-shear bonding strength(μSBS)between resin cement and resin nanoceramic(Brilliant Crios)and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network(Vita Enam-ic)materials.Methods:The two experimental material blocks were respectively prepared into 42 specimens with a size of 7 mm×6 mm×1 mm,and 50 μm alumina particles were used for sandblasting pretreatment under 0.2 MPa atmospheric pressure.The speci-mens were randomly divided into 6 groups,and the following surface treatment strategies were applied except for control group:si-lane,universal adhesive with silane(single bond universal,SBU);universal adhesive without silane(One Coat 7 Universal,OCU),silane and SBU,silane and OCU.Water contact angle measurements were used to observe the wettability of the 2 materials before and after silane treatment.The bonded specimens were prepared to test μSBS,which were analyzed by Weibull and the failure modes and were observed by stereo microscope.The morphology of the bonding interface was observed by SEM before and after si-lane treatment.Results:After the two materials were treated with silane,the water contact angle decreased(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference of μSBS between the silane and control groups for Brilliant Crios(P＞0.05),while the μSBS improved in the other experimental groups(P＜0.05).Among the groups,silane+OCU group exhibited the highest Weibull modulus and charac-teristic strength.The μSBS of the experimental groups was increased compared with the Vita Enamic control group(P＜0.05),silane+SBU group demonstrated the highest Weibull modulus and characteristic strength.Conclusion:Silane can improve the wetta-bility of the interface,and it alone improves the μSBS of Vita Enamic,but does not improve the μSBS of Brilliant Crios.The com-bined use of silane and universal adhesive enhances the μSBS between resin-ceramic composites and resin cement.

Dipsaci Radix is a commonly used yang tonifying medicine in clinical practice.Ancient books record that its preparation methods are diverse,mainly concentrated in the Ming and Qing dynasties,including wine soaking,wine washing,wine baking,wine stir frying,stir frying,wine mixing,and salt water stir frying.Wine roasting can promote blood circulation,dispel cold stagnation,and has been used throughout history;salt roasting has been seen in modern times,which can induce Chinese materia medica to descend and enhance liver and kidney tonifying effects;at present,it is mainly used for slicing raw materials,but there are also processed products such as wine fried products,salt fried products,stir fried slices,and charcoal slices.This article reviewed the herbal monographs,TCM ancient books,processing standards and modern literature,and combed the related elaboration of the processing history and modern processing research of Dipsaci Radix in the literature,so as to provide references for the processing mechanism,method research,clinical application and resource development and utilization of Dipsaci Radix.

Objective:To explore the quantitative indexes of dual energy spectrum CT and related clinical data to establish a predictive model for predicting pneumoconiosis.Methods:In April 2024, the information of 203 pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed by the occupational disease appraisal expert group in the Third People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Occupational Disease Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region) from January 2022 to December 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. Another 207 non-pneumoconiosis patients with dust exposure history were selected as control group. The measurement data between the two groups were compared using T test or Wilcoxon in dependent quality test, count date asing chi-square or Fishers test, the energy spectrum related indicators and clinical indicators of the patients were compared between groups, and potential factors for diagnosis of pneumoconiosis were screened through univariate analysis, and independent risk factors were further determined by multivariate logistic regression. Based on the results of regression analysis, the machine learning model was constructed, and the reciver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the efficiency of the model, and the Area under cruve (AUC) value, sensitivity and specificity were calculated.Results:Smoking, lung tissue mass, silicon dioxide (SiO 2) equivalent total mass and SiO 2 equivalent concentration were the risk factors for pneumoconiosis ( P<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, lung tissue mass, total lung SiO 2 equivalent total volume and total lung SiO 2 equivalent total mass were independent predicators of the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis ( OR=0.53, 0.99, 1.13, 0.85, P<0.05) . Logistic regression machine learning was used to establish a predictive model, and the training set AUC was 0.74, and the verification set AUC was 0.72, indicating that the model had good accuracy and certain ability to diagnose pneumoconiosis. Conclusion:The machine learning prediction model established by the quantitative analysis index of dual energy spectrum CT and clinical related indexes has a good diagnostic performance for the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.