Depression is a widespread psychiatric disorder with complex pathogenesis and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. As a native flavonoid, Isorhamnetin (ISO) has been deemed to exert neuroprotective effects by antioxidation and regulation of immunity. However, no reports of anti-depressed effect of ISO have yet been found. The present study was conducted to clarify the mechanism basis of anti-depressed effect of ISO utilizing behavioral, biochemical, molecular approaches in vitro and in vivo and bio-informatics analysis. The effects of ISO on depressed mice was investigated through the SPT and FST, and the lesions were examined by H&E staining. Besides, the inflammatory factor and indicator in kynurenine pathway were assessed through detection kits, and the microbiota were checked by 16sRNA. Molecular docking study was performed to investigate the target of ISO. Additionally, Western blot was used to test the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The results indicated that ISO could enhance the sugar water preference of mice in SPT and reduce immobility time in FST. Further more, ISO suppressed peripheral and central inflammation, regulated the changes in kynurenine pathway and gut microbiota, inhibited activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, and presented good binding patterns with target proteins on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ISO alleviated depression-like behaviour by normalizing inflammation-induced dysregulation of the crosstalk between KP and gut microbiota disorder through regulated PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway.

Depression is a widespread psychiatric disorder with complex pathogenesis and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. As a native flavonoid, Isorhamnetin (ISO) has been deemed to exert neuroprotective effects by antioxidation and regulation of immunity. However, no reports of anti-depressed effect of ISO have yet been found. The present study was conducted to clarify the mechanism basis of anti-depressed effect of ISO utilizing behavioral, biochemical, molecular approaches in vitro and in vivo and bio-informatics analysis. The effects of ISO on depressed mice was investigated through the SPT and FST, and the lesions were examined by H&E staining. Besides, the inflammatory factor and indicator in kynurenine pathway were assessed through detection kits, and the microbiota were checked by 16sRNA. Molecular docking study was performed to investigate the target of ISO. Additionally, Western blot was used to test the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The results indicated that ISO could enhance the sugar water preference of mice in SPT and reduce immobility time in FST. Further more, ISO suppressed peripheral and central inflammation, regulated the changes in kynurenine pathway and gut microbiota, inhibited activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, and presented good binding patterns with target proteins on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ISO alleviated depression-like behaviour by normalizing inflammation-induced dysregulation of the crosstalk between KP and gut microbiota disorder through regulated PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway.

Depression is a widespread psychiatric disorder with complex pathogenesis and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. As a native flavonoid, Isorhamnetin (ISO) has been deemed to exert neuroprotective effects by antioxidation and regulation of immunity. However, no reports of anti-depressed effect of ISO have yet been found. The present study was conducted to clarify the mechanism basis of anti-depressed effect of ISO utilizing behavioral, biochemical, molecular approaches in vitro and in vivo and bio-informatics analysis. The effects of ISO on depressed mice was investigated through the SPT and FST, and the lesions were examined by H&E staining. Besides, the inflammatory factor and indicator in kynurenine pathway were assessed through detection kits, and the microbiota were checked by 16sRNA. Molecular docking study was performed to investigate the target of ISO. Additionally, Western blot was used to test the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The results indicated that ISO could enhance the sugar water preference of mice in SPT and reduce immobility time in FST. Further more, ISO suppressed peripheral and central inflammation, regulated the changes in kynurenine pathway and gut microbiota, inhibited activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, and presented good binding patterns with target proteins on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ISO alleviated depression-like behaviour by normalizing inflammation-induced dysregulation of the crosstalk between KP and gut microbiota disorder through regulated PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway.

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Jingmen City from 2011 to 2022, and to provide theoretical basis for formulating the occupational disease prevention plan of the ^“14th Five-Year Plan^” in Jingmen City. Methods The data of pneumoconiosis cases in Jingmen City from 2011 to 2022 were collected from the Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Factors Monitoring Information System, and the information of disease classification, enterprise economic type, scale distribution, regional distribution, job distribution, dust exposure years and so on was statistically analyzed. Results A total of 260 cases of pneumoconiosis were reported in Jingmen City from 2011 to 2022, with an average of 13.81 years of exposure to dust, including 164 cases of coal workers' pneumoconiosis, 90 cases of silicosis and 6 cases of other pneumoconiosis. The cases were mainly distributed in Dongbao District with 160 cases (61.54%), Zhongxiang City with 72 cases (27.69%), and Duodao District with 18 cases (6.92%). The difference was statistically significant（χ²=217.846，P<0.05）. The cases were mainly distributed in private enterprises (76.54%, 199 cases). The enterprise sizes were mainly medium-sized (28.46%, 74 cases) and small (61.15%, 159 cases) enterprises, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=46.025，P<0.05). Conclusion Coal workers' pneumoconiosis and silicosis are the main types of occupational pneumoconiosis in Jingmen area, which will become the key prevention and control targets in Jingmen City for a long time and should be paid attention to. The cases are mainly concentrated in joint-stock, private economic type enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises, which should be monitored intensively.

Objective:To investigate the distribution rules of artemisia pollen and the clinical sensitization characteristics of allergic rhinitis (AR) induced by artemisia pollen in three urban and rural areas of Inner Mongolia.Methods:From March to October 2019, in 3 central cities (Chifeng, Hohhot, Ordos) and rural areas of Inner Mongolia, an epidemiological investigation method combining multi-stage stratified random sampling and face-to-face questionnaire survey was adopted to screen suspected AR patients, and skin prick test (SPT) was applied for diagnosis. At the same time, pollen monitoring was carried out in 3 areas to analyze the distribution and clinical sensitization characteristics of artemisia pollen.SPSS26.0 statistical software was used to process all the data. Chi-square test was used to compare rates among different age, sex, region and nationality, Spearman test was used to describe correlation analysis, and pairwise comparison of positive rates among multiple samples was used Bonferroni method.Results:Among the 6 393 subjects, 1 093 cases were diagnosed with AR, and the prevalence of AR was 17.10% (1 093/6 393). Among them, pollen-induced allergic rhinitis, the prevalence of PiAR was 10.97% (701/6 393), accounting for 64.14%(701/1 093).The highest incidence was in the youth group (20-39 years old), accounting for 46.94% (329/701).The diagnosed prevalence was higher in females than in males (11.35% vs. 10.64%, χ2 value 12.304, P<0.001).The prevalence rate of ethnic minority was higher than that of Han nationality (13.01% vs. 10.65%, χ2 value 6.296, P=0.008).The prevalence in urban areas was also significantly higher than that in rural areas (18.40% vs. 5.50%, χ2 value 10.497, P<0.001).There was significant difference in prevalence rate among the three regions in Inner Mongolia (6.06% in Chifeng, 13.46% in Hohhot, 16.39% in Ordos, χ2 value 70.054, P<0.001).The main clinical symptoms of artemisia PiAR were sneezing (95.58%), nasal congestion (91.73%) and nasal itching (89.30%).Allergic conjunctivitis accounted for 79.60% (558/701), chronic sinusitis for 55.63% (390/701), asthma for 23.25% (163/701).The pattern of artemisia pollen sensitization was mainly multiple sensitization, and the frequency of clinical symptoms and clinical diseases induced by hypersensitization with other allergens accounted for more than that caused by single artemisia pollen. The spread period of Artemisia pollen in the three regions was from June to October, and the peak state was in August in summer. The peak time of clinical symptoms in artemisia PiAR patients was about 2 weeks earlier than the peak time of pollen concentration, and the two were significantly positively correlated ( R=0.7671, P<0.001). Conclusion:Artemisia pollens are the dominant pollens in late summer and early autumn in Inner Mongolia, and the prevalence of artemisia PiAR is high. Controlling the spread of Artemisia pollens is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of AR.

Objectives:To investigate the clinical efficacy of unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) in the treatment of degenerative lumbar disease (DLD) and its impact on postoperative lumbar stability.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. A total of 109 cases of DLD treated with UBE in the Department of Orthopaedic, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from July 2020 to June 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 47 males and 62 females, aged (53.3±8.2) years (range: 21 to 80 years). The surgical segments were single segment in 80 cases, two segments in 25 cases, and three segments in 4 cases. The low back pain and leg pain of visual analogue scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were evaluated before and after operation. The modified MacNab criteria were used for evaluation of the clinical consequences. Postoperative three-dimensional lumbar CT was performed to observe the preservation of the facet joints and the angle of the medial surface of the facetectomy(β angle). At 12 months after surgery, X ray of the flexion and extension lumbar spine were reviewed. The comparison and analysis of the data were conducted using paired sample t tests or generalized estimation equations. Results:All 109 patients underwent operative procedures successfully. The operation time was (94.5±37.1) minutes (range:56 to 245 minutes), the times of X ray was 6.8±4.0 (range:4 to 16 times), and the days of hospitalization was (5.3±3.7) days (range:4 to 14 days). Complications included dural tears in 4 cases, transient lower limb numbness in 4 cases, epidural hematoma in 2 case. The follow-up time was (19.6±7.2) months (range:12 to 36 months). The postoperative low back pain VAS, leg pain VAS, JOA score and ODI were significantly improved(all P<0.05). According to the modified MacNab criteria, the excellent and good rate was 88.99%(97/109) at 12 months after surgery. One case underwent revision surgery because of recurrent lumbar disc herniation. In term of radiographic evaluation, the area of the surgical side facet joints after UBE surgery was reserved more than 60%. The β angle was less than 90° in all patients. After 12 months of surgery, there was no surgical segment instability or spondylolisthesis by the X-ray of the flexion and extension lumbar spine. Conclusion:UBE can achieve satisfactory clinical efficacy in the treatment of DLD, and maintain the stability of the lumbar spine.

Objectives:To investigate the clinical efficacy of unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) in the treatment of degenerative lumbar disease (DLD) and its impact on postoperative lumbar stability.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. A total of 109 cases of DLD treated with UBE in the Department of Orthopaedic, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from July 2020 to June 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 47 males and 62 females, aged (53.3±8.2) years (range: 21 to 80 years). The surgical segments were single segment in 80 cases, two segments in 25 cases, and three segments in 4 cases. The low back pain and leg pain of visual analogue scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were evaluated before and after operation. The modified MacNab criteria were used for evaluation of the clinical consequences. Postoperative three-dimensional lumbar CT was performed to observe the preservation of the facet joints and the angle of the medial surface of the facetectomy(β angle). At 12 months after surgery, X ray of the flexion and extension lumbar spine were reviewed. The comparison and analysis of the data were conducted using paired sample t tests or generalized estimation equations. Results:All 109 patients underwent operative procedures successfully. The operation time was (94.5±37.1) minutes (range:56 to 245 minutes), the times of X ray was 6.8±4.0 (range:4 to 16 times), and the days of hospitalization was (5.3±3.7) days (range:4 to 14 days). Complications included dural tears in 4 cases, transient lower limb numbness in 4 cases, epidural hematoma in 2 case. The follow-up time was (19.6±7.2) months (range:12 to 36 months). The postoperative low back pain VAS, leg pain VAS, JOA score and ODI were significantly improved(all P<0.05). According to the modified MacNab criteria, the excellent and good rate was 88.99%(97/109) at 12 months after surgery. One case underwent revision surgery because of recurrent lumbar disc herniation. In term of radiographic evaluation, the area of the surgical side facet joints after UBE surgery was reserved more than 60%. The β angle was less than 90° in all patients. After 12 months of surgery, there was no surgical segment instability or spondylolisthesis by the X-ray of the flexion and extension lumbar spine. Conclusion:UBE can achieve satisfactory clinical efficacy in the treatment of DLD, and maintain the stability of the lumbar spine.

Objective:To investigate the distribution rules of artemisia pollen and the clinical sensitization characteristics of allergic rhinitis (AR) induced by artemisia pollen in three urban and rural areas of Inner Mongolia.Methods:From March to October 2019, in 3 central cities (Chifeng, Hohhot, Ordos) and rural areas of Inner Mongolia, an epidemiological investigation method combining multi-stage stratified random sampling and face-to-face questionnaire survey was adopted to screen suspected AR patients, and skin prick test (SPT) was applied for diagnosis. At the same time, pollen monitoring was carried out in 3 areas to analyze the distribution and clinical sensitization characteristics of artemisia pollen.SPSS26.0 statistical software was used to process all the data. Chi-square test was used to compare rates among different age, sex, region and nationality, Spearman test was used to describe correlation analysis, and pairwise comparison of positive rates among multiple samples was used Bonferroni method.Results:Among the 6 393 subjects, 1 093 cases were diagnosed with AR, and the prevalence of AR was 17.10% (1 093/6 393). Among them, pollen-induced allergic rhinitis, the prevalence of PiAR was 10.97% (701/6 393), accounting for 64.14%(701/1 093).The highest incidence was in the youth group (20-39 years old), accounting for 46.94% (329/701).The diagnosed prevalence was higher in females than in males (11.35% vs. 10.64%, χ2 value 12.304, P<0.001).The prevalence rate of ethnic minority was higher than that of Han nationality (13.01% vs. 10.65%, χ2 value 6.296, P=0.008).The prevalence in urban areas was also significantly higher than that in rural areas (18.40% vs. 5.50%, χ2 value 10.497, P<0.001).There was significant difference in prevalence rate among the three regions in Inner Mongolia (6.06% in Chifeng, 13.46% in Hohhot, 16.39% in Ordos, χ2 value 70.054, P<0.001).The main clinical symptoms of artemisia PiAR were sneezing (95.58%), nasal congestion (91.73%) and nasal itching (89.30%).Allergic conjunctivitis accounted for 79.60% (558/701), chronic sinusitis for 55.63% (390/701), asthma for 23.25% (163/701).The pattern of artemisia pollen sensitization was mainly multiple sensitization, and the frequency of clinical symptoms and clinical diseases induced by hypersensitization with other allergens accounted for more than that caused by single artemisia pollen. The spread period of Artemisia pollen in the three regions was from June to October, and the peak state was in August in summer. The peak time of clinical symptoms in artemisia PiAR patients was about 2 weeks earlier than the peak time of pollen concentration, and the two were significantly positively correlated ( R=0.7671, P<0.001). Conclusion:Artemisia pollens are the dominant pollens in late summer and early autumn in Inner Mongolia, and the prevalence of artemisia PiAR is high. Controlling the spread of Artemisia pollens is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of AR.

Objective:To clarify the characteristics of dynamic change of pelvic incidence (PI) in patients with adult spinal deformity in a longitudinal study, to explore the relationship of PI change and other sagittal parameters, and to investigate the role of PI change in the progression of global sagittal imbalance.Methods:The patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) who were followed up at our clinic from December 2014 to December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were older than 50 years and had a minimum of 2-year follow-up. Full-spine frontal and lateral X-ray films were taken at pre-operation, post-operation, and last follow-up. Radiographic parameters were measured, including Cobb angle, thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), regional kyphosis (RK), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), T1 pelvic angle (TPA), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT) and sacral slope (SS). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate intra- and inter-observers' reliability, of which ICC>0.75 indicated excellent; 0.5< ICC≤0.75 indicated good; ICC≤0.5 indicated poor. Independent t-test, paired t-test and Pearson coefficient correlation were performed for statistical analysis. Results:A total of 30 patients were included in this study with a mean age of 61.93±6.20 years (range 54-72 years). The mean follow-up duration was 37.47±8.57 months (range 25-46 months). ICC test showed an excellent intra- and inter-observer reliability of PI in ASD patients from baseline to last follow-up (inter-observer ICC: 0.917 at baseline and 0.923 at last follow-up; intra-observer ICC: 0.913 at baseline and 0.915 at last follow-up). From first-visit to the last follow-up, PI significantly increased from 44.47°±5.96° to 52.07°±7.42° ( t=13.375, P<0001), PT (22.33°±5.77° vs. 28.07°±8.16°, t=4.268, P=0.001), SVA (40.03±13.34 mm vs. 64.37±27.06 mm, t=5.303, P<0.001), TPA (16.20°±5.02° vs. 27.13°±6.45°, t=13.742, P<0.001) and PI-LL (15.07°±13.92° vs. 29.67°±13.54°, t=10.802, P<0.001) were significantly increased while LL was significantly decreased (29.40°±15.53° vs. 22.40°±16.47°, t=4.814, P<0.001) at last follow-up. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the change of PT ( r=0.659, P=0.008), the change of TPA ( r=0.629, P=0.012), pre-operation PI ( r=0.560, P=0.030), and the last follow-up PI ( r=0.746, P=0.001) were significantly correlated with last follow-up PI. Conclusion:This study suggested that PI could significantly increase during follow-up in ASD patients. The dynamic change of PI may be correlated with the deterioration of sagittal imbalance.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between pelvic compensatory capacity and proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) in patients with adult spinal deformity undergoing spino-pelvic fixation utilizing second sacral alar iliac (S 2AI). Methods:A cohort of 55 patients diagnosed with adult spinal deformity and treated with spino-pelvic fixation utilizing S 2AI between January 2016 and January 2019 was included. The pelvic tilt to pelvic incidence ratio (PT to PI ratio, PTr) was used to categorize patients into high PTr group (PT/PI>0.4) and low PTr group (PT/PI<0.4). Subsequently, patients were further classified into PJK group and non-PJK group based on the occurrence of PJK during the last follow-up. Radiographic parameters such as Cobb angle, coronal balance distance (CBD), global kyphosis (GK), thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), proximal junctional angle (PJA), T 1 pelvic angle (T 1PA), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), and PI-LL were measured preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up. The chi-square test was employed to compare the incidence of PJK between the high PTr and low PTr groups at the last follow-up. Additionally, multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors for PJK. Results:The incidence of PJK was significantly higher in the high PTr group compared to the low PTr group [high PTr group (38%) vs. low PTr group (8%), P<0.05]. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified pre-operative PTr [ OR=3.274, 95% CI(1.100, 36.973), P=0.035], post-operative PTr [ OR=5.700, 95% CI(1.271, 65.272), P=0.029], and PJA at the last follow-up [ OR=1.274, 95% CI(0.998, 1.624), P=0.009] as independent risk factors for PJK. Conclusion:Patients with higher PTr exhibited poor pelvic compensatory ability, struggled to maintain optimal sagittal balance post-operation, and were at increased risk of developing PJK during follow-up.