OBJECTIVES: To investigate the subcellular localization and biological functions of transmembrane protein 240 (TMEM240). METHODS: NCBI BLAST and TMHMM bioinformatics software were used for protein sequence analysis and prediction of transmembrane domain of TMEM240. Brain tissues from male C57BL/6 mice (18-20 days old) were examined for distribution of TMEM240 using in situ hybridization, and qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect TMEM240 expression in different mouse tissues and in cortical neurons at different time points (n=3). In the in vitro experiment, HepG2 and Neuro-2a cells were transfected with plasmids for overexpression of TMEM240, and subcellular localization of TMEM240 was analyzed using cell imaging. In primary cultures of cortical neurons isolated from C57BL/6 mice, TMEM240 expression and its biological functions were investigated using qPCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: Human and mouse TMEM240 proteins share a 97.69% similarity in the protein sequences, and both are transmembrane proteins with two transmembrane domains. TMEM240 mRNA and protein were highly expressed in mouse brain tissues and cortical neurons. In isolated mouse cortical neurons, TMEM240 expression reached the peak level after primary culture for 9 days and distributed in scattered spots within the cells. In HepG2 cells, TMEM240 was characterized as intracellular membrane structures and showed 80% colocalization with peroxisomes. In Neuro-2a cells, TMEM240 overexpression caused significant enhancement of the expressions of Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor β (ARHGDIB) at both the mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSIONS TMEM240 is a novel intracellular subcellular structure specifically expressed in neurons with significant potential for targeted cellular function regulation.
Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Peroxisomes/metabolism* ; Membrane Proteins/genetics* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Male ; rho-Specific Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors ; Hep G2 Cells ; Brain/metabolism*

Objective To evaluate the methodological quality and measurement attribute quality of the evaluation tool for pediatric palliative care quality assessment tools,and to provide references for medical staff to select the best assessment tools.Methods The PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CINAHL,Scopus,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,VIP Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,GIN,NGC,NICE,NRAO,medlive,WHO,AAHPM,WHPCA,APHN were searched from inception to March 28,2024.Data were screened and extracted independently by 2 researchers.The consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments(COSMIN)checklist and quality criteria were employed to evaluate the methodological quality and psychometric properties of the included pediatric palliative care quality assessment tools.Finally,recommendations were formulated based on these evaluations.Results A total of 13 articles were included,involving 9 pediatric palliative care quality assessment tools.Among them,the PICU-QODD,PaPEQu and QCPCI demonstrated good content validity and internal consistency,and are recommended as Grade A.The remaining assessment tools are recommended as Grade B or C.Conclusion The PICU-QODD,PaPEQu and QCPCI are recommended for use,but further validation of their psychometric properties is still needed.

Objective To explore the neuro-protective effect of remimazolam(Rem)on traumatic brain injury(TBI)in rat models.Methods A TBI rat model was constructed.The rats were randomly divided into control group,traumatic brain injury group(TBI group),low-dose and high-dose remimazolam groups(Rem-L,Rem-H groups),and high-dose remimazolam+Jagged1 group(Rem-H+Jagged1 group),with 12 rats in each.All rats were evaluated for neurological deficits.The serum level of inflammatory factors like tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)were detected by ELISA.HE staining microscopy was used to observe the changes of brain histopathology.The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)and ionized calcium-binding adaptation molecule 1(IBA1)were detected by immunohistochemistry.Western blot was applied to detect the ex-pression of Notch,Notch 1 intracellular domain(NICD)and Hes-1 protein in the brain tissue.Results Compared with the control group,the TBI group showed a larger area of brain tissue defect and edema,with more activated glial cells and fragmented,concentrated and deeply stained neuronal nuclei,indistinct nucleoli,deeply stained cy-toplasm,and partial neuronal necrosis The neurological deficit score was higher,level of TNF-α and IL-1β and the expression of GFAP,IBA1,Notch,NICD,and Hes-1 all elevated(P＜0.05).Remazolam reduced brain tissue defect area,alleviated edema,inhibited glial cell activation and neuronal apoptosis,and reduced nerve function deficit score,the level of TNF-α and IL-1β,and the expression of GFAP,IBA1,Notch,NICD and Hes-1(P＜0.05).Jagged1 could aggravate brain tissue injury,increase neural function deficit score,levels of TNF-α and IL-1β and expressions of GFAP,IBA1,Notch,NICD and Hes-1(P＜0.05).Conclusions Remimazolam may have neuroprotective effects as shown by TBI rat models,and the underlying mechanism is potentially related to the inhibition of the Notch/Hes-1 signaling pathway.

Objective:To comprehensively evaluate treatment outcomes and assisted reproductive approaches in infertility patients with CYP17A1-deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasia [including 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17-OHD) and isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency (IDL)]. Methods:In this study, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid, CNKI, Wanfang Data base, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were systematically searched. The data extracted included basic patient information, treatment plans, and pregnancy outcomes, which were then analyzed descriptively.Results:Totally 19 articles were included, covering 23 cases of successful live births. Among the 23 patients with successful live births, there were 19 patients with 17-OHD, including 17 cases became pregnant through in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), 1 case through natural pregnancy, and 1 case through oocyte donation pregnancy; there were 4 cases with IDL, including 2 cases through natural pregnancy and 2 cases through IVF-ET pregnancy. Conclusion:IVF-ET is the preferred fertility treatment option for patients with partial form of 17-OHD. For IDL patients who have natural ovulation, natural pregnancy can be attempted. Glucocorticoids play a crucial role in improving pregnancy outcomes, but their use needs to be individualized.

Objective:To comprehensively evaluate treatment outcomes and assisted reproductive approaches in infertility patients with CYP17A1-deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasia [including 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17-OHD) and isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency (IDL)]. Methods:In this study, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid, CNKI, Wanfang Data base, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were systematically searched. The data extracted included basic patient information, treatment plans, and pregnancy outcomes, which were then analyzed descriptively.Results:Totally 19 articles were included, covering 23 cases of successful live births. Among the 23 patients with successful live births, there were 19 patients with 17-OHD, including 17 cases became pregnant through in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), 1 case through natural pregnancy, and 1 case through oocyte donation pregnancy; there were 4 cases with IDL, including 2 cases through natural pregnancy and 2 cases through IVF-ET pregnancy. Conclusion:IVF-ET is the preferred fertility treatment option for patients with partial form of 17-OHD. For IDL patients who have natural ovulation, natural pregnancy can be attempted. Glucocorticoids play a crucial role in improving pregnancy outcomes, but their use needs to be individualized.

Objective To evaluate the methodological quality and measurement attribute quality of the evaluation tool for pediatric palliative care quality assessment tools,and to provide references for medical staff to select the best assessment tools.Methods The PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CINAHL,Scopus,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,VIP Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,GIN,NGC,NICE,NRAO,medlive,WHO,AAHPM,WHPCA,APHN were searched from inception to March 28,2024.Data were screened and extracted independently by 2 researchers.The consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments(COSMIN)checklist and quality criteria were employed to evaluate the methodological quality and psychometric properties of the included pediatric palliative care quality assessment tools.Finally,recommendations were formulated based on these evaluations.Results A total of 13 articles were included,involving 9 pediatric palliative care quality assessment tools.Among them,the PICU-QODD,PaPEQu and QCPCI demonstrated good content validity and internal consistency,and are recommended as Grade A.The remaining assessment tools are recommended as Grade B or C.Conclusion The PICU-QODD,PaPEQu and QCPCI are recommended for use,but further validation of their psychometric properties is still needed.

This paper summarized Professor PENG Peichu's experience in the differentiation and treatment of prostate cancer in three phases and four stages. It is considered that prostatic cancer is categorized into root deficiency and branch excess， with depletion of healthy qi as the root， and the accumulation of cancer toxin as the minifestation. Clinical diagnosis and treatment of prostatic cancer can be divided into three phases and four stages according to the exuberance and decline of pathogenic and healthy qi and the changes of deficiency and excess of yin and yang. In the initial accumulation phase of cancer toxin （yang excess stage）， the key pathogenesis is the accumulation of dampness， heat and static blood， and internal generation of cancer toxin， and the treatment should be resolving toxins， fighting cancer and dispelling yang excess. In the phase of healthy qi deficiency and toxin accumulation （yin deficiency stage）， with the lung and kidney yin deficiency， dampness， heat and static toxin accumulation as the key pathogenesis， the treatment should be centered on mutual generation between metal and water to nourish kidney yin， supplemented with the method of clearing heat and draining dampness， activating blood and resolving toxins， for which self-made Nanbei Formula（南北方）is usually used. In the phase of yang deficiency and cold stagnation （yang deficiency stage and yin excess stage）， with the spleen and kidney yang deficiency， cold dampness stagnation， static heat and toxin accumulation as the key pathogenesis， the treatment should be warming and tonifying spleen and kidney to dissipate cold accumulation； for deficiency of both yin and yang， and excess pathogen obstruction， modified Yanghe Decoction（阳和汤） is recommended， while for yang deficiency， cold congealing and blood stasis， self-made Wenshen Sanjie Formula（温肾散结方） can be used， and for cold dampness binding with cancer toxin， and cold complex with heat， self-made Quanan Formula （泉安方） is advised.

Objective To understand the research status,hotspots and trends of Wuzhuyu Decoction;To provide reference for relevant research.Methods The literature related to Wuzhuyu Decoction was retrieved from CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and CBM databases from the establishment to February 28,2023.NoteExpress 3.6 was used to merge and deduplicate,and the author,organization and keywords were mapped and interpreted by CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software.Results A total of 822 articles were included,and the number of publications showed a wave upward trend;the top journals were New Chinese Medicine,Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine and Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine;the main research institutions were Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;a total of 566 authors were involved,and the authors with more publications included Wang Zhimin(12),Gong Muxin(9)and Bi Kaishun(5);high-frequency keywords included"headache","Shang Han Lun","TCM therapy"and so on.Conclusion Wuzhuyu Decoction is effective in treating chronic gastritis,hypertension and other primary diseases,which is a research hotspot in this field.It is a research trend in this field to explore its active components by high performance liquid chromatography and explain its action mechanism and target at the molecular level.

Objective To understand the research status,hotspots and trends of animal medicinal materials;To provide reference for future research.Methods The literature related to animal medicinal materials was retrieved from CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and CBM from January 1,2000 to April 30,2023.NoteExpress 3.6 was used to merge and deduplicate,and the author,institution and keywords were mapped and interpreted by CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software.Results A total of 1 169 articles were included,and the overall publication quantity in this field showed a stable fluctuation trend;the top journals were Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research,China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica and Modern Chinese Medicine;the main research institutions were China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences;a total of 676 authors were involved,and the authors with more publications included Zhang Hui(22),Liu Rui(15),Lin Zhe and Ma Shuangcheng(14);high-frequency keywords included"identification","TCM resources","clinical application"and so on.Conclusion Resource survey of animal medicinal materials,standardized breeding of medicinal animals,development of alternatives to rare medicinal animal resources,and construction of quality standard system for animal medicinal materials are the research hotspots in this field.The basic research of pharmacodynamic substances of animal medicinal materials based on the integrated analysis strategies of proteomics,peptideomics and transcriptomics,and the revelation of the signaling pathways and targets of animal medicinal materials from the molecular biology level are the research trends in this field.

BACKGROUND:With the progress of minimally invasive procedures of the spine,endoscopic lumbar decompression has been widely used in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.The indications of different endoscopic surgical approaches are different,and the decision of the specific operation plan needs to be combined with the actual situation and the choice of clinical surgeons. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the short-term effect in treatment of single-level lumbar disc herniation by percutaneous endoscopic visual trephine arthroplasty. METHODS:Ninety patients with single-level lumbar disc herniation admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2019 to December 2021 who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study.According to different approaches of percutaneous endoscopic visual trephine arthroplasty,they were divided into transforaminal approach group(control group,n=48 cases)and translaminar approach group(trial group,n=42 cases).The general information of patients in the two groups was recorded,including sex,age,disease course,body mass index,incision length,operation time,intraoperative fluoroscopy times,length of hospital stay,and amount of blood loss.Visual analog scale score of pain and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score at different follow-up stages were assessed.The modified MacNab standard was used to evaluate the clinical outcome at the last follow-up,and the postoperative complications and recurrence rate were measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy times of the trial group were less than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss,incision length,and hospital stay between the two groups(P>0.05).(2)There was no significant difference in visual analog scale score of pain and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score between the two groups before surgery(P>0.05).However,visual analog scale of pain and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score were significantly improved 1 week,3,6,and 12 months after surgery(P<0.05).(3)At the last follow-up,the good and good rate of modified MacNab standard was 94%in the control group and 95%in the trial group.(4)In the control group,one patient still felt back and leg pain after surgery,underwent open surgery,and recovered well after surgery without obvious sequelae.There were no postoperative complications or recurrent cases in the trial group.(5)It is concluded that both percutaneous transforaminal approach and interlaminar approach have good short-term clinical efficacy and high patient satisfaction in the treatment of single-level lumbar disc herniation,but the time of the interlaminar approach is shorter and has less intraoperative fluoroscopy times.