Targeted protein degradation via nanoparticle-based universal strategy modifies nanoparticles with antibodies and ingeniously utilizes its cellular transport characteristics. This strategy achieved targeted degradation of extracellular proteins without complex design.Image 1.

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is a prevalent malignancy that afflicts the head and neck area and presents a high incidence of metastasis and invasion. Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment are essential for enhancing the quality of life and the survival rates of TSCC patients. The current treatment modalities for TSCC frequently suffer from a lack of specificity and efficacy. Nanoparticles with diagnostic and photothermal therapeutic properties may offer a new approach for the targeted therapy of TSCC. However, inadequate accumulation of photosensitizers at the tumor site diminishes the efficacy of photothermal therapy (PTT). This study modified gold nanodots (AuNDs) with the TSCC-targeting peptide HN-1 to improve the selectivity and therapeutic effects of PTT. The Au-HN-1 nanosystem effectively targeted the TSCC cells and was rapidly delivered to the tumor tissues compared to the AuNDs. The enhanced accumulation of photosensitizing agents at tumor sites achieved significant PTT effects in a mouse model of TSCC. Moreover, owing to its stable long-term fluorescence and high X-ray attenuation coefficient, the Au-HN-1 nanosystem can be used for fluorescence and computed tomography imaging of TSCC, rendering it useful for early tumor detection and accurate delineation of surgical margins. In conclusion, Au-HN-1 represents a promising nanomedicine for imaging-based diagnosis and targeted PTT of TSCC.
Tongue Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging* ; Animals ; Gold/chemistry* ; Mice ; Photothermal Therapy/methods* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Photosensitizing Agents ; Metal Nanoparticles ; Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor

Objective:To investigate the application effect of web-based problem-based learning (WPBL) versus traditional teaching in the teaching of geriatric medicine courses.Methods:PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, CBMdisc, and Wanfang Data were searched for clinical studies on the application of WPBL in the teaching of geriatric medicine courses in China and globally published up to October 1, 2023. After literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment, RevMan5.4.1 was used to perform a systematic review.Results:A total of 14 eligible articles were included in this study, with 1 436 medical students as the subjects and geriatric medicine as the content of teaching. The Meta-analysis showed that WPBL teaching had a better effect than traditional problem-based learning or lecture-based learning in the teaching of geriatric medicine courses and could improve the theoretical examination score [mean difference (MD)=3.53, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.77-5.29, P<0.001], operational skills (MD=5.92, 95%CI=2.67-9.18, P<0.001), critical thinking ability (MD=9.30, 95%CI=5.43-13.18, P<0.001), and teaching satisfaction (MD=1.75, 95%CI=1.49-2.01, P<0.001) among medical students. Conclusions:WPBL in the teaching of geriatric medicine courses can improve the theoretical examination score, operational skills, critical thinking skills, and teaching satisfaction among medical students.

Pain modulation encompasses a complex neurobiological process, in which the lateral habenula (LHb) plays a crucial role in integrating, regulating and modulating pain signals. It is also involved in pain-related memory functions associated with perception, transmission and regulation of pain. Furthermore, the LHb collaborates with structures such as the spinal dorsal horn, forebrain, and amygdala to form an essential neural circuit that contributes to sensitization, development of tolerance, and adaptation processes related to pain. However, there remains limited understanding regarding the specific roles and interactions among different neuron subtypes within the LHb concerning pain regulation. Additionally, further investigation is warranted to explore functional changes and plasticity within both the LHb and its associated neural circuits in chronic pain models. Future research endeavors should utilize advanced neuroimaging techniques alongside optogenetics and gene editing technologies to elucidate intricate neural circuits, cellular architecture, and molecular mechanisms governing LHb function in pain regulation. In conclusion, this paper aims to comprehensively review existing literature on the involvement of the LHb and its neural circuits in modulating pain, thereby enhancing our understanding of their neurobiological mechanisms while providing novel targets for precise therapeutic strategies aimed at alleviating pain.

Objective·To observe the impact of hip synovitis on the long-term outcomes of free vascularized fibular grafting(FVFG)for osteonecrosis of femoral head(ONFH).Methods·Between October 2001 and December 2013,370 patients diagnosed with ONFH(556 hips)underwent FVFG.Preoperative synovitis was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and quantified with the Hip Inflammation MRI Scoring System(HIMRISS).Patients were divided into no synovitis group,moderate synovitis group,and severe synovitis group.Harris hip scores and the incidence of total hip arthroplasty were collected with an average follow-up duration of 90.5 months(range:5-215 months).Hip survival failure(defined as a Harris hip score lower than 80 at the final follow-up or the occurrence of total hip arthroplasty)was calculated.Multivariable Cox regression analysis was adopted to compare the influence of different degrees of synovial inflammation on long-term prognosis.Results·The proportion of hip survival failure was 28.0％in patients without synovitis and 28.5％in those with moderate synovitis,whereas it was significantly higher(60.4％)in patients with severe synovitis.The results of multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that severe synovitis was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis(HR 2.06,95％CI 1.21-3.53)after adjusting for age,gender,education level,marital status,ONFH type,affected side of ONFH,smoking history,baseline Harris hip score and other hip MRI-based covariates(collapse,bone marrow edema,and degeneration).Conclusion·Severe synovitis in patients with ONFH significantly increases the failure rate of hip preservation after FVFG,and the severity of synovitis should be considered in surgical decision-making.

Pain modulation encompasses a complex neurobiological process, in which the lateral habenula (LHb) plays a crucial role in integrating, regulating and modulating pain signals. It is also involved in pain-related memory functions associated with perception, transmission and regulation of pain. Furthermore, the LHb collaborates with structures such as the spinal dorsal horn, forebrain, and amygdala to form an essential neural circuit that contributes to sensitization, development of tolerance, and adaptation processes related to pain. However, there remains limited understanding regarding the specific roles and interactions among different neuron subtypes within the LHb concerning pain regulation. Additionally, further investigation is warranted to explore functional changes and plasticity within both the LHb and its associated neural circuits in chronic pain models. Future research endeavors should utilize advanced neuroimaging techniques alongside optogenetics and gene editing technologies to elucidate intricate neural circuits, cellular architecture, and molecular mechanisms governing LHb function in pain regulation. In conclusion, this paper aims to comprehensively review existing literature on the involvement of the LHb and its neural circuits in modulating pain, thereby enhancing our understanding of their neurobiological mechanisms while providing novel targets for precise therapeutic strategies aimed at alleviating pain.

Objective:To explore the latent categories of nurses' perception of high-performance work systems (HPWS) through latent profile analysis and analyze the differences in characteristics and influencing factors among different categories.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select 3 450 clinical nurses from ClassⅡ、Ⅲ hospitals in 12 regions of China between June and July 2024. General information questionnaires, the Perceived High-Performance Work System Scale, and the Nurse Voice Behavior Scale were used for data collection. Latent profile analysis was conducted to analyze nurses' perception of HPWS, and multi-class logistic regression was used to examine the influencing factors for different categories.Results:A total of 3 450 questionnaires were collected, with 3 385 valid responses, yielding an effective response rate of 98.12%. Nurses' perception of HPWS had an average score of (70.46±12.21), which could be divided into three latent categories: low perception (17%, 559/3 385), moderate perception (42%, 1 433/3 385), and high perception (41%, 1 393/3 385). The multi-class logistic regression analysis showed that job nature, title, position, years of service, monthly income, health impact on work, work duration, and monthly night shifts were significant factors influencing nurses' perception of HPWS ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There is heterogeneity in the nurses' perception of HPWS. Nursing managers should focus on nurses with low perception of HPWS and provide interventions and support based on the characteristics and influencing factors of each category to improve nurses' voice behaviors.

Objective:To investigate the application effect of web-based problem-based learning (WPBL) versus traditional teaching in the teaching of geriatric medicine courses.Methods:PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, CBMdisc, and Wanfang Data were searched for clinical studies on the application of WPBL in the teaching of geriatric medicine courses in China and globally published up to October 1, 2023. After literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment, RevMan5.4.1 was used to perform a systematic review.Results:A total of 14 eligible articles were included in this study, with 1 436 medical students as the subjects and geriatric medicine as the content of teaching. The Meta-analysis showed that WPBL teaching had a better effect than traditional problem-based learning or lecture-based learning in the teaching of geriatric medicine courses and could improve the theoretical examination score [mean difference (MD)=3.53, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.77-5.29, P<0.001], operational skills (MD=5.92, 95%CI=2.67-9.18, P<0.001), critical thinking ability (MD=9.30, 95%CI=5.43-13.18, P<0.001), and teaching satisfaction (MD=1.75, 95%CI=1.49-2.01, P<0.001) among medical students. Conclusions:WPBL in the teaching of geriatric medicine courses can improve the theoretical examination score, operational skills, critical thinking skills, and teaching satisfaction among medical students.

Objective:To explore the latent categories of nurses' perception of high-performance work systems (HPWS) through latent profile analysis and analyze the differences in characteristics and influencing factors among different categories.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select 3 450 clinical nurses from ClassⅡ、Ⅲ hospitals in 12 regions of China between June and July 2024. General information questionnaires, the Perceived High-Performance Work System Scale, and the Nurse Voice Behavior Scale were used for data collection. Latent profile analysis was conducted to analyze nurses' perception of HPWS, and multi-class logistic regression was used to examine the influencing factors for different categories.Results:A total of 3 450 questionnaires were collected, with 3 385 valid responses, yielding an effective response rate of 98.12%. Nurses' perception of HPWS had an average score of (70.46±12.21), which could be divided into three latent categories: low perception (17%, 559/3 385), moderate perception (42%, 1 433/3 385), and high perception (41%, 1 393/3 385). The multi-class logistic regression analysis showed that job nature, title, position, years of service, monthly income, health impact on work, work duration, and monthly night shifts were significant factors influencing nurses' perception of HPWS ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There is heterogeneity in the nurses' perception of HPWS. Nursing managers should focus on nurses with low perception of HPWS and provide interventions and support based on the characteristics and influencing factors of each category to improve nurses' voice behaviors.