Objective: To analyze the change trends in the body shape indicators and proportions of students in Harbin from 2010 to 2024, and to investigate ergonomic compatibility of functional dimensions of school desks and chairs with current student shape indicators, so as to provide a reference for revising furniture standards of desks and chairs. Methods: Between September and November of both 2010 and 2024, a combination of convenience sampling and stratified cluster random sampling was conducted across three districts in Harbin, yielding samples of 6 590 and 6 252 students, respectively. Anthropometric shape indicators cluding height, sitting height, crus length, and thigh length-and their proportional changes were compared over the 15-year period. The 2024 data were compared with current standard functional dimensions of school furniture. The statistical analysis incorporated t-test and Mann-Whitney U- test. Results: From 2010 to 2024, average height increased by 1.8 cm for boys and 1.5 cm for girls; sitting height increased by 1.5 cm for both genders; crus length increased by 0.3 cm for boys and 0.4 cm for girls; and thigh length increased by 0.5 cm for both genders. The ratios of sitting height to height, and sitting height to leg length increased by less than 0.1 . The difference between desk chair height and 1/3 sitting height ranged from 0.4-0.8 cm. Among students matched with size 0 desks and chairs, 22.0% had a desk to chair height difference less than 0, indicating that the desk to chair height difference might be insufficient for taller students. The differences between seat height and fibular height ranged from -1.4 to 1.1 cm; and the differences between seat depth and buttock popliteal length ranged from -9.8 to 3.4 cm. Among obese students, the differences between seat width and 1/2 hip circumference ranged from -20.5 to -8.7 cm, while it ranged from -12.2 to -3.8 cm among non obese students. Conclusion Current furniture standards basically satisfy hygienic requirements; however, in the case of exceptionally tall and obese students, ergonomic accommodations such as adaptive seating allocation or personalized adjustments are recommended to meet hygienic requirements.

Objective To explore the application of standardized teaching mode in clinical teaching for B-type ultrasound-guided peripherally inserted central catheters(PICC),and to discuss its influence on the teaching quality,comprehensive skills and student satisfaction.Methods A total of 74 nurses,who learned B-type ultrasound-guided PICC operation at the Department of Emergency of a certain grade Ⅲ-A hospital in Guangzhou City of China from September 2021 to September 2023,were randomly divided into the study group and the control group with 37 nurses in each group.The teaching content of both groups was B-type ultrasound-guided PICC operation.The conventional teaching method was adopted for the control group,while on the basis of the conventional teaching method,additional standardized teaching mode was carried out for the study group.Teaching and training lasted for 3 months.The management indicators,teaching quality,comprehensive skills and student satisfaction with teaching were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,in the study group the catheterization time was shorter,the pain score was lower,and the success rate of single puncturing was higher(all P＜0.05).The results of final theory examination,case analysis ability,and clinical actual operation score(including the indications,puncturing method,and puncturing technique of B-type ultrasound-guided PICC)in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).The comprehensive skills were remarkably improved in both groups.The scores of doctor-patient communication,physical examination,medical ethics,operation process in the study group were obviously higher than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).Moreover,the expression ability,the sense of team cooperation,the ability to search and read literature,the ability of clinical practice,the degree of knowledge mastery,the ability to analyze and solve problems,and the learning initiative in the study group were prominently better than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion In clinical teaching for B-type ultrasound-guided PICC operation,the implement of standardized teaching mode can help to improve the quality of teaching and improve the nurse s comprehensive skills of PICC operation with higher degree of satisfaction with teaching,therefore,this kind of teaching mode is worth popularizing and applying.

Objective:To explore the effect of combined therapy of traditional Chinese medicine on prevention of chemotherapy-related anemia in malignant tumors.Methods:Seventy-nine patients with malignant tumors diagnosed in Zibo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected, and the patients were divided into experimental group (40 cases) and control group (39 cases) according to the random number table method. The control group received chemotherapy and the experimental group received chemotherapy and combined therapy of traditional Chinese medicine (Wuhong Tang combined with moxibustion). The hemoglobin (Hb) level, Karnofsky score and adverse effects were recorded before and on days 7, 14 and 21 after chemotherapy in the two groups.Results:The Hb level in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group [(117±28) g/L vs. (100±31) g/L] on day 21 after chemotherapy, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = -3.08, P = 0.030). The total effective rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group [85% (34/40) vs. 66.7% (26/39)], but the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.96, P = 0.084). Karnofsky scores were (77±9) points and (77±12) points before and on day 21 after treatment in the experimental group, with no statistical difference ( t = -0.50, P = 0.623); Karnofsky scores were (78±10) points and (67±9) points in the control group, with statistical difference ( t = 8.32, P < 0.001). There was no statistical difference in Karnofsky score before treatment between the two groups ( t = 1.85, P = 0.068), but the experimental group was higher than the control group on day 21 after treatment ( t = 4.88, P < 0.001). The difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05), and no chemotherapy-related hepatic, renal or cardiac adverse reactions were observed in either group. Conclusions:Combined therapy of traditional Chinese medicine could effectively prevent chemotherapy-related anemia and improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective:To study the impact of repeat hepatectomy for patients with post-hepatectomy recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:The data of patients who developed post-hepatecotmy recurrent HCC and underwent repeat hepatectomy at the General Surgery Department of Beijing Tongren Hospital from May 2013 to May 2016 (the Recurrence Group), were retrospectively compared with the data from patients who underwent initial hepatectomy for HCC during the same study period (the Primary Group). The general data, perioperative data, postoperative complications and survival of the two groups were compared.Results:The primary group included 179 patients, consisting of 133 males and 46 females, aged (57.3±11.7) years, with a range from 14.0 to 84.0 years. The recurrence group included 36 patients, consisting of 30 males and 6 females, aged (55.9±11.4) years, with a range from 40.0 to 77.0 years. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in gender, age, hepatitis virus infection status, preoperative alpha fetoprotein, Child-Pugh score and indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min ( P>0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) between the two groups in operative time [(244.2±84.3)min vs. (283.4±66.8)min], intraoperative blood loss[(428.5±151.6)ml vs. (756.2±187.4)ml], anatomic or nonanatomic hepatectomy, single tumor or multiple tumors, and maximum tumor diameter[(5.81±2.24)cm vs. (3.69±1.55)cm]. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in incidences of tumor capsular invasion, tumor thrombus and degrees of tumor differentiation ( P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in surgical complication rates ( P>0.05), and in 1-year and 3-year overall and disease free survival rates between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Repeat hepatectomy for recurrent HCC after hepatectomy was safe and effective. Its long-term survival outcomes were similar to first hepatectomy for HCC.

Objective: To investigate the associations between genetic variations of DNA polymerase kappa (POLK) and treatment response to platinum-based chemotherapy of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and to analyze the influencing factors on survival. Methods: Five haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (htSNPs) of POLK were genotyped by Sequenom MassARRAY methods in 1 030 SCLC patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy, and had different response and survival time. The associations between SNPs and treatment response were analyzed by computing the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from logistic regression model. Cox regression was used for survival analysis between SNPs and overall survival by computing the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. Results: Among 1 030 cases, 558 (54.2%) cases received cis-platinum and etoposide treatment while others treated with carboplatin and etoposide. Seven hundred and eighty eight patients were chemotherapy responders in the study with a response rate of 76.5%. The median follow-up time of these patients was 22.0 months. Patients were followed up to get their survival information. The median survival time of these patients was 22.5 months. Six hundred and seventy three patients (65.3%) had died by the last date of follow-up to get their survival information (Dec 21, 2017). Five htSNPs of POLK were not associated with the chemotherapy response of SCLC patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy (all P>0.05). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that, rs73120833 of POLK was significantly associated with the overall survival (OS) of SCLC patients, compared with POLK rs73120833 T allele, C allele can prolong OS (adjusted HR=0.87, 95% CI=0.77-0.97, P=0.021). The remaining 4 SNPS, including rs10077427, rs3756558, rs4549504 and rs5744545, were not significantly associated with overall survival. Age≤56, KPS> 80, limited-stage, chemotherapy response and radiation therapy can remarkably prolong OS (all P<0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that POLK genetic polymorphism rs73120833 plays an important role on the prognosis of SCLC patients, which can be potential genetic biomarker for SCLC personalized treatment.

Objective: To explore the associations between genetic variations of glutathione synthetase gene (GSS) and response to platinum-based chemotherapy of small cell lung cancer(SCLC), and to analyze the influencing factors on survival. Methods: Four haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (htSNPs) of GSS were genotyped by Sequenom MassARRAY methods in 903 SCLC patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy, and had different response and survival time. The associations between genotypes and platinum-based chemotherapy response were measured by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for sex, age, smoking, KPS, staging and chemotherapy regiments, by unconditional logistic regression model. The hazard ratios (HR) were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: Among the 903 patients, 462(51.2%) cases received cis-platinum and etoposide treatment while others were treated with carboplatin and etoposide. 656 patients were chemotherapy responders in the study with a response rate of 72.6%. Patients were followed up to get their survival information. The median survival time (MST) of these patients was 25.0 months.We found that rs725521 located in the 3′ near gene region of GSS was significantly associated with chemotherapy response. Compared with the T allele, patients with C allele had a worse chemotherapy response and an increased risk of no-responders (P=0.027). Rs7265992 and rs725521 of GSS were associated with the overall survival (OS) of SCLC patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy (HR=1.16, 95% CI=1.02-1.33, P=0.027; HR=1.17, 95% CI=1.05-1.31, P=0.006, respectively). The patients carrying 1 or 2 risk alleles and the patients carrying 3 or 4 risk alleles had worse MST than the patients without the rs7265992A and rs725521C risk alleles (24.0 and 22.0 versus 30.0 months), with the HR for death being 1.26 (95% CI=1.04-1.54) and with the HR of 1.52 (95%CI=1.18-1.97, P=0.001). Rs2025096 and rs2273684 were not associated with the OS of SCLC patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy. Age ≤ 56, KPS> 80, limited-stage, chemotherapy response and radiation therapy had a remarkably prolonged OS (all P<0.05). Conclusions These results suggest that GSS genetic polymorphism rs725521 plays an important role in the response to platinum-based chemotherapy, while rs7265992 and rs725521 have important effect on the prognosis of SCLC patients, which may be potential genetic biomarkers for personalized treatment of SCLC.

Objective To explore the associations between genetic variations of DNA repair gene RAD52 and response to platinum?based chemotherapy of small cell lung cancer ( SCLC) , and to analyze the influencing factors on survival. Methods Nine haplotype?tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms ( htSNPs) of RAD52 were genotyped by Sequenom Mass ARRAY technology in 939 SCLC patients who received platinum?based chemotherapy, and had different response and survival time. The associations between genotypes and platinum?based chemotherapy response were analyzed by odds ratios ( ORs) and 95%confidence intervals ( CIs) , adjusted for sex, age, smoking, KPS, staging and chemotherapy regimens, by unconditional logistic regression model. The relative ratios ( RRs ) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results Among the 939 cases, 483 ( 51. 4%) cases received cis?platinum and etoposide treatment while others treated with carboplatin and etoposide. Six hundred and eighty two patients were chemotherapy responders in the study with a response rate of 72.6%. Patients were followed up to get their survival information. The median survival time ( MST) of these patients was 25 months. We found that rs10774474 SNP which located in the 5′?flanking region of RAD52 was significantly associated with chemotherapy response. Compared with the TT genotype, patients with TA and AA genotype had a worse chemotherapy response and increased risk of no?response ( P=0. 004 ) . Correlation analysis showed that patients with KPS >80 had a better chemotherapy response than those with KPS≤80 (P=0.001). The patients with extensive?stage had a worse chemotherapy response than those with limited?stage (P<0.001). Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that nine htSNPs of RAD52 were not associated with the overall survival ( OS) of SCLC patients who received platinum?based chemotherapy. Age≤56, KPS>80, limited?stage, chemotherapy response and radiation therapy can remarkably prolong OS ( all P<0.05) . Conclusions These results suggest that RAD52 genetic polymorphism rs10774474 plays an important role in the response to platinum?based chemotherapy, and may be a potential genetic biomarker for SCLC personalized treatment.

Objective To explore the associations between genetic variations of DNA repair gene RAD52 and response to platinum?based chemotherapy of small cell lung cancer ( SCLC) , and to analyze the influencing factors on survival. Methods Nine haplotype?tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms ( htSNPs) of RAD52 were genotyped by Sequenom Mass ARRAY technology in 939 SCLC patients who received platinum?based chemotherapy, and had different response and survival time. The associations between genotypes and platinum?based chemotherapy response were analyzed by odds ratios ( ORs) and 95%confidence intervals ( CIs) , adjusted for sex, age, smoking, KPS, staging and chemotherapy regimens, by unconditional logistic regression model. The relative ratios ( RRs ) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results Among the 939 cases, 483 ( 51. 4%) cases received cis?platinum and etoposide treatment while others treated with carboplatin and etoposide. Six hundred and eighty two patients were chemotherapy responders in the study with a response rate of 72.6%. Patients were followed up to get their survival information. The median survival time ( MST) of these patients was 25 months. We found that rs10774474 SNP which located in the 5′?flanking region of RAD52 was significantly associated with chemotherapy response. Compared with the TT genotype, patients with TA and AA genotype had a worse chemotherapy response and increased risk of no?response ( P=0. 004 ) . Correlation analysis showed that patients with KPS >80 had a better chemotherapy response than those with KPS≤80 (P=0.001). The patients with extensive?stage had a worse chemotherapy response than those with limited?stage (P<0.001). Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that nine htSNPs of RAD52 were not associated with the overall survival ( OS) of SCLC patients who received platinum?based chemotherapy. Age≤56, KPS>80, limited?stage, chemotherapy response and radiation therapy can remarkably prolong OS ( all P<0.05) . Conclusions These results suggest that RAD52 genetic polymorphism rs10774474 plays an important role in the response to platinum?based chemotherapy, and may be a potential genetic biomarker for SCLC personalized treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical prognostic value of neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STIMI)who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Meth?ods A total of 326 patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction were enrolled. According to the neutro?phils to lymphocyte ratio, patients were divided into group T1(≤3.46), group T2(3.47-6.75)and group T3(>6.75). Basic clinical data,laboratory indexes,coronary angiography results, TIMI grading and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) were collected in all groups. Incidence of adverse events in hospital such as acute heart failure, thrombosis, ventricular tachy?cardia and ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block and cardiogenic shock, were recorded. Major ad?verse cardiac events(MACE), death of all causes, non-fatal MI, ischemic stroke and readmission due to heart failure at the 6-month follow-up were also noted. Results The incidence of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia/ven?tricular fibrillation and cardiogenic shock was higher in group T3 than those in the other two groups(P < 0.05).The inci?dence of multivessel coronary artery disease was significantly higher in group T3 than that in group T1 (54.1% vs 37.0%, P<0.05). The percentage of TIMI grade 3 in post-operative infracted artery was significantly lower than that in group T1 (83.5%vs 94.4%). Left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly lower in group T3 than that of group T1 during hospital?ization (0.48 ± 0.10 vs 0.52 ± 0.10). There was no significant difference in the incidences of death, non-fatal MI, ischemic stroke at 6 month follow up. But the rate of readmission due to heart failure was significantly higher in group T3 than that in the group T1(P<0.05). Conclusion Neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio may be a useful marker to predict the prognosis of pa?tients with heart failure due to acute myocardial infarction.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome, which is caused by cardiac structural abnormalities and dysfunction. It can lead to ventricular filling and impaired ejection capacity with high incidence and mortality . The constant activation of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in the development of heart failure. Angiotensin angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), angiotensin angiotensin receptor antagonist (ARB) and aldoste?rone receptor antagonist (MRA) had been confirmed to be with good therapeutic effects therefore played important roles in heart failure treatment strategy shown by large scale clinical trials. The first PARADIM-HF data published by European So?ciety of Cardiology in annual meeting on August 30, 2014 showed that LCZ696 can reduce cardiovascular mortality risk of HF patient by 20%when combining with beta blockers and MRA . It also reduced the number of hospitalizations of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) by 21%. LCZ696, using its unique dual phase mode verified that the regulation of neuroen?docrine is the modern concept for the treatment of heart failure. LCZ696 lead to innovation and shed new light in traditional drug treatment for heart failure.