Objective To analyze the prevalence status of cardiometabolic risk factor (CMRF) and its aggregation among workers engaged in new forms of employment. Methods A total of 5 429 new employment workers (including couriers, online food delivery workers, and ride hailing drivers) who underwent health medical examinations at a tertiary hospital in Beijing City were selected as the research subjects using the judgment sampling method. Data on waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid levels were collected to analyze their CMRF [central obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated blood glucose, elevated triglycerides, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)] and their aggregation (with ≥ 2 of the above 5 risk factors) status. Results The detection rates of central obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated blood glucose, elevated triglycerides, and reduced HDL-C were 61.2%, 38.2%, 29.5%, 40.9% and 22.6%, respectively. The detection rates of CMRF aggregation was 57.8%. The result of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that male, age ≥45 years, smoking, overweight, and obesity were risk factors for CMRF aggregation (all P<0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of CMRF and its aggregation among workers with new forms of employment in Beijing City is relatively high. Targeted prevention and control efforts should be strengthened for high-risk populations, especially males, workers aged ≥45 years, smokers, and those who are overweight or obese.

This consensus will introduce the characteristics of fillers used in the surgical cavities of domestic nasal surgery patients based on relevant literature and expert opinions. It will also provide recommendations for the selection of cavity fillers for different nasal diseases, with chronic sinusitis as a representative example.
Humans ; Nasal Cavity/surgery* ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; China ; Consensus ; Sinusitis/surgery* ; Dermal Fillers

Objective To investigate the effect of hemoperfusion combined with sequential hemodiafiltration on pancreatic islet β cell function,nutritional status and inflammatory response in patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN).Methods One hundred patients with DN admitted to Nanyang Central Hospital from February 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method,with 50 patients in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with sequential hemodiafil-tration,and the patients in the observation group were treated with sequential hemodiafiltration combined with hemoperfusion.The weight and height of patients in the two groups were measured before treatment and after 6-month treatment to calculate body mass index(BMI).The triceps skinfold(TSF)thickness was measured by using a skinfold caliper.The nutritional status of patients were evaluated by subjective global assessment(SCA)scores.Fasting venous blood was collected from patients in the two groups to measure the levels of fasting insulin(FINS)and fasting plasma glucose(FPG)by radioimmunoassay,and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and homeostasis model assessment of beta-cell function(HOMA-β)were calculated;the levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were measured by using the fully automatic biochemical analyzer,and the levels of serum C-reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)were measured by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results There was no significant difference in HOMA-β,FINS and HOMA-IR of patients between the control group and the observation group before treatment(P＞0.05).FINS and HOMA-IR of patients after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment,while HOMA-β was significantly higher than that before treatment in the two groups(P＜0.05).After treatment,FINS and HOMA-IR of patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,while HOMA-β was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in BMI,TSF and SGA of patients between the control group and the observation group before treatment(P＞0.05).After treatment,BMI,TSF and SGA of patients in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment;and BMI,TSF and SGA of patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C of patients between the control group and the observation group before treatment(P＞0.05).After treatment,the levels of TC,TG and LDL-C of patients in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,while the HDL-C level of patients was significantly higher than that before treatment(P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of TC,TG and LDL-C of patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,while the HDL-C level of patients was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of serum CRP,TNF-α and IL-6 of patients between the control group and the observation group before treatment(P＞0.05).After treatment,the levels of serum CRP,TNF-α and IL-6 of patients in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment;and the levels of serum CRP,TNF-α and IL-6 of patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Sequential hemodiafiltration combined with hemoperfusion can significantly improve pancreatic islet βcell function,nutritional status and lipid metabolism in patients with DN and inhibit inflammatory response.

Background The benchmark dose (BMD) method calculates the dose associated with a specific change in response based on a specific dose-response relationship. Compared with the traditional no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) method, the BMD method has many advantages, and the 95% lower confidence limit of benchmark dose lower limit (BMDL) is recommended to replace NOAEL in deriving biological exposure limits. No authority has yet published any health-based guideline for rare earth elements. Objective To evaluate genotoxicity threshold induced by acute exposure to neodymium nitrate in mice using BMD modeling through micronucleus test and comet assay. Methods SPF grade mice (n=90) were randomly divided into nine groups, including seven neodymium nitrate exposure groups, one control group (distilled water), and one positive control group (200 mg·kg⁻¹ ethyl methanesulfonate), 10 mice in each group, half male and half female. The seven dose groups were fed by gavage with different concentrations of neodymium nitrate solution (male: 14, 27, 39, 55, 77, 109, and 219 mg·kg⁻¹; female: 24, 49, 69, 97, 138, 195, and 389 mg·kg⁻¹) twice at an interval of 21 h. Three hours after the last exposure, the animals were neutralized by cervical dislocation. The bone marrow of mice femur was taken to calculate the micronucleus rate of bone marrow cells, and the liver and stomach were taken for comet test. Results The best fitting models for the increase of polychromatophil micronucleus rate in bone marrow of female and male mice induced by neodymium nitrate were the exponential 4 model and the hill model, respectively. The BMD and the BMDL of female mice were calculated to be 31.37 mg·kg⁻¹ and 21.90 mg·kg⁻¹, and those of male mice were calculated to be 58.62 mg·kg⁻¹ and 54.31 mg·kg⁻¹, respectively. The best fitting models for DNA damage induced by neodymium nitrate in female and male mouse hepatocytes were the exponential 5 model and the exponential 4 model, respectively, and the calculated BMD and BMDL were 27.15 mg·kg⁻¹ and 11.99 mg·kg⁻¹ for female mice, and 16.28 mg·kg⁻¹ and 10.47 mg·kg⁻¹ for male mice, respectively. The hill model was the best fitting model for DNA damage of gastric adenocytes in both female and male mice, and the calculated BMD and BMDL were 36.73 mg·kg⁻¹ and 19.92 mg·kg⁻¹ for female mice, and 24.74 mg·kg⁻¹ and 14.08 mg·kg⁻¹ for male mice, respectively. Conclusion Taken the micronucleus rate of bone marrow cells, DNA damage of liver cells and gastric gland cells as the end points of genotoxicity, the BMDL of neodymium nitrate is 10.47 mg·kg⁻¹, which can be used as the threshold of genotoxic effects induced by acute exposure to neodymium nitrate in mice.

Objective To establish a differential model of phlegm and blood stasis pattern and qi deficiency and blood stasis pattern in stable angina pectoris using radiomics.Methods A total of 91 patients with stable angina pectoris who underwent coronary artery CT angiography in Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to January 2022 were collected,including 47 cases of phlegm and blood stasis pattern and 44 cases of qi deficiency and blood stasis pattern.The patients were divided into train set(64 cases)and test set(27 cases)according to the ratio of 7∶3 by stratified random sampling method.3D-slicer software was used to extract the radiomics features of pericoronary adipose tissue(PCAT)images.Principal component analysis was used to visualize the distribution of radiomics features of pattern of phlegm and blood stasis and pattern of qi deficiency and blood stasis.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis and support vector machine decreasing feature elimination were used for feature selection.The multinomial logistics regression was used for model construction.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to verify the model in the train set and the test set to evaluate the effectiveness of the radiomics features in differentiating phlegm and blood stasis pattern and qi deficiency and blood stasis pattern.Finally,Spearman coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the differential features and clinical physicochemical data.Results A total of 837 radiomics features were extracted from PCAT images by 3D-slicer software.In the principal component analysis,PC1 and PC2 explained 77.9%and 8.1%of the total variance,respectively,and there was a relatively obvious separation trend between the two pattern groups.After feature screening,7 radiomics features were used to construct the differential model of phlegm and blood stasis pattern and qi deficiency and blood stasis pattern.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of the differential model was 0.844 in the train set and 0.834 in the test set.Spearman correlation analysis showed that the differential features were significantly correlated with cTnI,neutrophil,triglyceride,total cholesterol,and leukocyte.Conclusion The CT radiomics model based on PCAT has a high discrimination efficiency for stable angina pectoris with phlegm and blood stasis pattern and qi deficiency and blood stasis pattern.

Objective To investigate the expression of targeted regulation of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) on E-box zinc finger protein 1 gene (ZEB1) and its related molecular mechanisms involved in neuroprotection and autophagy inhibition in a rat model of cerebral hemorrhage. Methods Forty 8-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group, model group, miR-146a overexpression group and miR-146a underexpression group, with 10 rats in each group. Except for the sham operation group, the other three groups were induced to establish an aneurysmal spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage rat model using type VII collagenase. Rats of four groups were fed a high-salt diet for 6 weeks and euthanized after an additional feeding for 20 weeks. Neurological function [modified neurologic severity score (mNSS)] and brain water content were compared among the four groups. FJC staining was used to detect the number of degenerated neurons; TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis; hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes in brain tissue; quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-146a and ZEB1 mRNA; Western blot was used to detect the expression of ZEB1, autophagy-related proteins human recombinant autophagy effector protein (Beclin 1) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3). Results Compared to the sham surgery group, the model group showed a significant increase in mNSS score, brain water content, the number of degenerated neurons and cell apoptosis rate, and the expression level of miR-146a was significantly decreased, while the expressions of ZEB1 mRNA, as well as ZEB1, Beclin 1and LC3 proteins, were significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared to the model group, the miR-146a overexpression group exhibited a significant decrease in mNSS score, brain water content, the number of degenerated neurons and cell apoptosis rate, and the expression level of miR-146a was significantly increased, while the expressions of ZEB1 mRNA, as well as ZEB1, Beclin 1 and LC3 proteins were significantly reduced in the miR-146a overexpression group (P < 0.05). Compared to the model group, the miR-146a low-expression group showed a further increase in mNSS score, brain water content, the number of degenerated neurons and cell apoptosis rate, and the expression level of miR-146a was further decreased, while the expressions of ZEB1 mRNA, as well as ZEB1, Beclin 1 and LC3 proteins were further elevated in the miR-146a low-expression group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Upregulating miR-146a can exert neuroprotective effects by targeting and inhibiting ZEB1 gene and protein expression, as well as regulating autophagy activity.

The bone-touching acupuncture method, as one of the five-body acupuncture techniques, is widely used and highly effective in the treatment of brain diseases, though its theoretical foundation has been lacking. This paper explores the close connection between bones and the brain in both physiological and pathological states, as described in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) classics, and explains the "bone-brain axis" concept within the framework of TCM. It summarizes the effects and characteristics of the five-body acupuncture techniques, traces the origins and modern applications of the bone-touching acupuncture method, and discusses its theoretical basis for treating brain diseases. The aim is to provide a reference for future clinical and mechanistic research on bone-touching acupuncture in brain disease treatment and to offer new perspectives and approaches for acupuncture treatment of brain diseases.
Humans ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Brain/physiopathology* ; Brain Diseases/physiopathology* ; Bone and Bones/physiopathology* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods*

Objective:To study the neurophysiological features of Kennedy disease (KD) and to figure out the function of the nervous system.Methods:Subjects were recruited from the outpatient and the ward of Peking University Third Hospital from November 2010 to November 2022. Sixty patients with KD (29 patients with KD alone, 31 KD cases with the complication of diabetes mellitus) and 60 patients with diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) were included in this study. Electrophysiological tests were performed in all subjects, including electromyogram, nerve conduction study, somaosensory evoked potential (SEP), contact heat evoked potential (CHEP) and triple stimulation technique (TST). Student′s t-tests were conducted to compare differences intra or inter groups of nerve conduction velocity and action potential of nerve conduction study, latency and interphase of SEP, initial peak latency of CHEP and other parameters. Results:Compared with the normative value, the amplitude of the sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) declined by 30%-80% in KD patients [median nerve (0.7±0.4) μV, ulnar nerve (0.8±0.3) μV, sural nerve (1.8±0.1) μV], the amplitude of the median and ulnar nerves was lower than the sural nerves ( t=2.43, P=0.010; t=2.40, P=0.010). The conduction time of peripheral segments of SEP and CHEP was prolonged by 115%-130%, while that of the central segments was prolonged by 104%-115% in SEP. TST test/TST control declined by 40%-60% in 17 patients with KD. The amplitude of SNAP declined by 30%-50% in patients with DPN [median nerve (2.9±0.5) μV, ulnar nerve (2.6±0.6) μV, sural nerve (1.6±0.2) μV], the amplitude of the sural nerves was lower than the median and ulnar nerves ( t=2.52, P=0.006; t=2.47, P=0.007). The conduction time of peripheral segments of SEP and CHEP was prolonged by 75%-112%, while that of the central segments was normal in both SEP and CHEP in DPN patients. Compared with DPN patients, the upper limb SNAP amplitude was lower in KD patients with the complication of diabetes mellitus [median nerve (0.7±0.3) μV, t=3.18, P=0.001; ulnar nerve (0.8±0.4) μV, t=3.20, P=0.001]. Conclusions:Sensory nerve is involved in patients with KD, including the large fiber and the small one. The central segments was abnormal in the deep sensory pathway, and the pyramid tract may be involved besides the anterior horn cell.

Objective:To explore the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of reported incidence of schizophrenia in Ningbo from 2018 to 2022 and to provide a scientific basis for rational allocation of mental health resources and comprehensive prevention and treatment of schizophrenia.Methods:The reported incidence data of schizophrenia from 2018 to 2022 were collected from Ningbo's mental health information management system, and the reported incidence was calculated by township. The spatial correlation analysis and the spatiotemporal scan analysis were used to study the spatiotemporal distribution of schizophrenia.Results:The reported incidence of schizophrenia decreased from 2018 to 2022, with 4 133 new cases reported, and the annual average reported incidence was 9.76/100 000. Global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed positive spatial correlations and hot spots in 2018-2020. The space-time scan analysis showed an incidence cluster in Dongqiao Town, Haishu District, during 2018-2019. The RR was 2.46, and the log-likelihood ratio was 256.89. Conclusions:The reported incidence of schizophrenia in Ningbo has obvious temporal and spatial aggregation, and the high incidence area explored can provide clues for further research on the correlation between environmental factors and the incidence of schizophrenia and has certain guiding significance for the rational allocation of mental health resources in Ningbo.

As of May 3, 2023, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in more than 760 million confirmed cases and over 6.9 million deaths. Several patients have developed pneumonia, which can deteriorate into acute respiratory distress syndrome. The primary etiology may be attributed to cytokine storm, which is triggered by the excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines and subsequently leads to immune dysregulation. Considering that high levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been detected in several highly pathogenic coronavirus-infected diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome in 2002, the Middle East respiratory syndrome in 2012, and COVID-19, the IL-6 pathway has emerged as a key in the pathogenesis of this hyperinflammatory state. Thus, we review the history of cytokine storm and the process of targeting IL-6 signaling to elucidate the pivotal role played by tocilizumab in combating COVID-19.
Humans ; COVID-19 ; Interleukin-6 ; Cytokine Release Syndrome ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Cytokines ; Biology