Objective:To investigate the diagnostic efficacy of differentially expressed proteins in the plasma of prostate cancer patients.Methods:Plasma samples were collected from patients who visited the Department of Urology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January to March 2023. Among them，there were 30 patients with prostate cancer，aged（75.10 ± 9.33）years，with a median serum PSA value of 24.60（5.38，516.00）ng/ml，and 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia，aged（72.90 ± 7.30）years，with a median serum PSA value of 2.21（0.44，4.38）ng/ml Label-free quantitative proteomic technology was used to detect differentially expressed proteins in the plasma. Combined with TCGA transcriptome changes and relevant literature，the differentially expressed candidate proteins with the most significant up-regulation were selected.In addition，prostate biopsy tissue samples were collected from another 14 patients who visited the Department of Urology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September to November 2023. Among them，there were 8 patients with prostate cancer，aged（72.25 ± 6.52）years，with a median serum PSA value of 74.65（5.63，151.00）ng/ml，and 6 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia，aged（70.83 ± 5.04）years，with a median serum PSA value of 5.06（3.34，28.70）ng/ml. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using antibodies corresponding to the candidate proteins to analyze the expression differences of the candidate proteins between the 8 prostate cancer cases and the 6 benign prostatic hyperplasia cases.Plasma samples were collected from 44 patients with prostate diseases who visited the Department of Urology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from March to September 2023. Among them，there were 30 patients with prostate cancer，aged（71.58 ± 7.99）years，with a median serum PSA value of 29.85（1.25，108.00）ng/ml，and 14 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia，aged（69.00 ± 8.94）years，with a median serum PSA value of 1.78（0.61，12.40）ng/ml. Area under the curve（AUC）was calculated to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of each protein for prostate cancer. Detect the expression levels of candidate proteins in plasma by ELISA，draw the ROC curve，calculate the area under the curve（AUC），and analyze the diagnostic efficacy of each protein for prostate cancer.Results:A total of 34 most significant upregulated proteins and 72 downregulated proteins were detected by proteomics and eight proteins were detected by referring to TCGA data and literatures. Percentage of positive cells of SPON2，FGB，PCSK6，ORM1，ORM2，HP，SND1，and SUSD2 in prostate cancer tissues（51.97 ± 10.81，42.97 ± 6.76，49.83 ± 12.46，53.85 ± 11.52，50.46 ± 11.13，39.69 ± 10.96，52.01 ± 13.03，45.92 ± 9.55）were significantly higher than in BPH（36.31 ± 19.87，21.85 ± 10.99，21.59 ± 5.61，20.36 ± 4.75，24.38 ± 11.55，20.75 ± 3.75，23.60 ± 6.51，19.69 ± 8.45）（ P < 0.05）. FGB，HP，and ORM1 were significantly increased in plasma of prostate cancer patients compared to BPH patients（ng/ml）［（689.9 ± 659.7）ng/ml vs.（200.0 ± 127.1）ng/ml，（1.819 ± 0.833）ng/ml vs.（1.126 ± 0.362）ng/ml，（733.5 ± 385.0）ng/ml vs.（344.7 ± 214.6）ng/ml， P < 0.05］，with AUC values 0.803，0.781，and 0.832，respectively. The combined diagnostic efficacy of the three proteins FGB，HP，and ORM1 for prostate cancer is significantly better than that of any single protein（AUC = 0.953），with higher sensitivity（81.48%）and specificity（100.0%）. Conclusions:FGB，HP，ORM1 were significantly increased in plasma of prostate cancer patients compared to BPH patients，indicating higher diagnostic efficacy. The combined diagnostic efficacy FGB，HP，and ORM1 for prostate cancer is significantly better than that of any single protein，and they exhibit higher sensitivity and specificity.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic efficacy of differentially expressed proteins in the plasma of prostate cancer patients.Methods:Plasma samples were collected from patients who visited the Department of Urology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January to March 2023. Among them，there were 30 patients with prostate cancer，aged（75.10 ± 9.33）years，with a median serum PSA value of 24.60（5.38，516.00）ng/ml，and 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia，aged（72.90 ± 7.30）years，with a median serum PSA value of 2.21（0.44，4.38）ng/ml Label-free quantitative proteomic technology was used to detect differentially expressed proteins in the plasma. Combined with TCGA transcriptome changes and relevant literature，the differentially expressed candidate proteins with the most significant up-regulation were selected.In addition，prostate biopsy tissue samples were collected from another 14 patients who visited the Department of Urology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September to November 2023. Among them，there were 8 patients with prostate cancer，aged（72.25 ± 6.52）years，with a median serum PSA value of 74.65（5.63，151.00）ng/ml，and 6 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia，aged（70.83 ± 5.04）years，with a median serum PSA value of 5.06（3.34，28.70）ng/ml. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using antibodies corresponding to the candidate proteins to analyze the expression differences of the candidate proteins between the 8 prostate cancer cases and the 6 benign prostatic hyperplasia cases.Plasma samples were collected from 44 patients with prostate diseases who visited the Department of Urology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from March to September 2023. Among them，there were 30 patients with prostate cancer，aged（71.58 ± 7.99）years，with a median serum PSA value of 29.85（1.25，108.00）ng/ml，and 14 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia，aged（69.00 ± 8.94）years，with a median serum PSA value of 1.78（0.61，12.40）ng/ml. Area under the curve（AUC）was calculated to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of each protein for prostate cancer. Detect the expression levels of candidate proteins in plasma by ELISA，draw the ROC curve，calculate the area under the curve（AUC），and analyze the diagnostic efficacy of each protein for prostate cancer.Results:A total of 34 most significant upregulated proteins and 72 downregulated proteins were detected by proteomics and eight proteins were detected by referring to TCGA data and literatures. Percentage of positive cells of SPON2，FGB，PCSK6，ORM1，ORM2，HP，SND1，and SUSD2 in prostate cancer tissues（51.97 ± 10.81，42.97 ± 6.76，49.83 ± 12.46，53.85 ± 11.52，50.46 ± 11.13，39.69 ± 10.96，52.01 ± 13.03，45.92 ± 9.55）were significantly higher than in BPH（36.31 ± 19.87，21.85 ± 10.99，21.59 ± 5.61，20.36 ± 4.75，24.38 ± 11.55，20.75 ± 3.75，23.60 ± 6.51，19.69 ± 8.45）（ P < 0.05）. FGB，HP，and ORM1 were significantly increased in plasma of prostate cancer patients compared to BPH patients（ng/ml）［（689.9 ± 659.7）ng/ml vs.（200.0 ± 127.1）ng/ml，（1.819 ± 0.833）ng/ml vs.（1.126 ± 0.362）ng/ml，（733.5 ± 385.0）ng/ml vs.（344.7 ± 214.6）ng/ml， P < 0.05］，with AUC values 0.803，0.781，and 0.832，respectively. The combined diagnostic efficacy of the three proteins FGB，HP，and ORM1 for prostate cancer is significantly better than that of any single protein（AUC = 0.953），with higher sensitivity（81.48%）and specificity（100.0%）. Conclusions:FGB，HP，ORM1 were significantly increased in plasma of prostate cancer patients compared to BPH patients，indicating higher diagnostic efficacy. The combined diagnostic efficacy FGB，HP，and ORM1 for prostate cancer is significantly better than that of any single protein，and they exhibit higher sensitivity and specificity.

The clinical manifestations of Japanese encephalitis virus infection are often acute encephalitis, and etiological diagnosis is a common diagnostic method. It is difficult to detect and isolate viruses clinically, and the types of pathogens detected are relatively limited. Metagenomics second-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a rapid and accurate molecular diagnostic method, which can improve the detection rate and types of pathogenic microorganisms. Pathogens uncommon in central nervous system infections can be detected. This paper reports a 27-year-old male patient with nausea and vomiting, high fever, disturbance of consciousness, and multiple organ failure as the main clinical manifestations. Japanese encephalitis virus was considered clinically, but etiological evidence was lacking. Japanese encephalitis virus was detected by cerebrospinal fluid mNGS, which greatly improved the accuracy of diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis virus infection.

Objective To explore the clinical value of methylation at promoter sites of urine protein kinase Y-linked(PRKY)gene in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer(PCa).Methods Urine samples were collected from 50 suspected PCa patients.After extracting DNA,the methylation levels of the PRKY gene promoter sites cg05163709,cg08045599,and cg05618150 were detected using quantitative methylation-specific PCR(qMSP).Simultaneously,the patients were divided into the benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)group and the PCa group.The differences in clinical indicators between the two groups were analyzed,as well as the methylation status of the PRKY gene promoter sites in the urine of the two groups of patients.The receiver operating charac-teristic(ROC)curve of PRKY promoter sites methylation was established,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to analyze the diagnostic value of PRKY promoter sites methylation in PCa,and to perform com-bined diagnosis with clinical indicators.Results The methylation rates of cg05163709 and cg05618150 in urine specimens of PCa patients were significantly higher than those of BPH patients.The AUC for cg05163709 methyla-tion in diagnosing PCa was 0.762,with a sensitivity of 86.70%.It showed better performance in early screening for PCa compared to total prostate specific antigen(tPSA),percentage free prostate specific antigen(f/tPSA)and prostate specific antigen density(PSAD)index.We found that the AUC for cg05618150 methylation in conjunc-tion with PSAD in diagnosing PCa was 0.787,with a sensitivity of 86.70%.The AUC of cg05163709 methylation and PSAD in the joint diagnosis of PCa was 0.855,and the specificity could reach 95.00%.Conclusion The methylation of urine PRKY gene promoter sites cg05163709 and cg05618150 shows high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing PCa,making them promising biomarkers for early detection of PCa.

Brain functional network changes over time along with the process of brain development, disease, and aging. However, most of the available measurements for evaluation of the difference (or similarity) between the individual brain functional networks are for charactering static networks, which do not work with the dynamic characteristics of the brain networks that typically involve a long-span and large-scale evolution over the time. The current study proposes an index for measuring the similarity of dynamic brain networks, named as dynamic network similarity (DNS). It measures the similarity by combining the "evolutional" and "structural" properties of the dynamic network. Four sets of simulated dynamic networks with different evolutional and structural properties (varying amplitude of changes, trend of changes, distribution of connectivity strength, range of connectivity strength) were generated to validate the performance of DNS. In addition, real world imaging datasets, acquired from 13 stroke patients who were treated by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), were used to further validate the proposed method and compared with the traditional similarity measurements that were developed for static network similarity. The results showed that DNS was significantly correlated with the varying amplitude of changes, trend of changes, distribution of connectivity strength and range of connectivity strength of the dynamic networks. DNS was able to appropriately measure the significant similarity of the dynamics of network changes over the time for the patients before and after the tDCS treatments. However, the traditional methods failed, which showed significantly differences between the data before and after the tDCS treatments. The experiment results demonstrate that DNS may robustly measure the similarity of evolutional and structural properties of dynamic networks. The new method appears to be superior to the traditional methods in that the new one is capable of assessing the temporal similarity of dynamic functional imaging data.
Aging/physiology* ; Brain/physiology* ; Brain Mapping ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods* ; Nerve Net/physiology* ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation/methods*

ObjectiveTo study the efficacy of community rehabilitation combined with drug therapy on rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia in rural communities， and to provide references for community rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia in rural areas of our country. MethodA total of 81 patients in rural communities of three towns in Lanzhou new area who met the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） were randomly divided into study group （n=39） and control group （n=42）. Both groups received general drug treatment. On this basis， the study group received community rehabilitation intervention for 6 months. Before and after intervention， Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS）， Activity of Daily Living Scale （ADL）， Social Disability Screening Schedule （SDSS） and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale （SQLS） were used to assess the psychotic symptoms， social function and quality of life in two groups. ResultsAfter intervention， the PANSS total score ［（55.54±14.75） vs. （63.52±13.95）， t=-2.504， P=0.014］， negative symptom factor score ［（15.64±4.50） vs. （18.38±5.13）， t=-2.547， P=0.013］ and general psychopathological factor score ［（25.67±7.39） vs. （30.35±6.60）， t=-3.015， P=0.003］ of the study group were lower than those of the control group. The SDSS score ［（8.21±3.78） vs. （10.21±4.67）， t=-2.118， P=0.037］ and SQLS score ［（18.97±6.23） vs. （22.43±8.04）， t=2.150， P=0.035］ of the study group were lower than those of the control group. ConclusionCommunity rehabilitation combined with drug therapy may help alleviate psychotic symptoms， improve social function and improve quality of life in patients with schizophrenia in rural communities.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between dyslipidemia and uric acid urolithiasis, and explore the risk factors of uric acid urolithiasis.Methods:93 patients with uric acid urolithiasis identified by stone composition analysis were retrospective analyzed from January 2014 to October 2019 were classified as uric acid urolithiasis group.Among them there were 77 men accounting for 82.8%, 16 women accounting for 17.2%, the median age is 64 years old.According to sex, age and other conditions, 321 patients with calcium oxalate urolithiasis in the same period were selected as calcium oxalate stone group. Among them there were 264 men accounting for 82.2%, 57 women accounting for 17.8%, the average age is 64 years old.While 306 non-stone people examined in hospital as control group in the same period who matched with age and gender. Among them there were 252 men accounting for 82.4%, 54 women accounting for 17.6%, the average age is 61 years old. There was no significant difference in age and sex ratio among the three groups. The body mass index (BMI) of uric acid urolithiasis group, calcium oxalate urolithiasis group and control group were significantly different( P<0.01). Serum uric acid, urine pH and blood lipids: triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were recorded in the three groups, and the correlation between the above indexes and stone composition was analyzed.The uric acid urolithiasis group was divided into hyperuricemia(HUA) group (n=41) and Non HUA group (n=52) according to serum uric acid, and 66 cases with HUA were selected in the control group. The dyslipidemia and urine pH levels of the above three groups were compared. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors associated with uric acid urolithiasis formation. Results:There were significant differences in TG level, incidence of hypertrigly-ceridemia, low HDL-cholesterolemia, high LDL-cholesterolemia, serum uric acid and urine pH between uric acid urolithiasis group and calcium oxalate urolithiasis group( P<0.05). Significant differences were seen in TG level, HDL-C level, incidence of hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterolemia, serum uric acid and urine pH between uric acid urolithiasis group and control group.There was significant difference in urine pH between uric acid urolithiasis with and Non HUA group. Significant difference in the incidence of hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterolemia were seen between uric acid urolithiasis with HUA group and HUA group.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that obesity(odds ratio=1.68, P<0.001), hypertriglyceridemia(odds ratio=7.37, P=0.002), low HDL-cholesterolemia(odds ratio=10.46, P=0.001) and low urinary pH(odds ratio=0.10, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for uric acid urolithiasis. Conclusions:Dyslipidemia was more likely associated with uric acid urolithiasis. Obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterolemia and low urinary pH are closely related to the occurrence of uric acid urolithiasis.

Objective To investigate and explore expression status of microRNA-218,and their correlation in serum and tissue samples of prostate cancer patients.Methods The serum and tissue samples of 72 patients in first diagnosised prostate cancer (PCa) and 80 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients were collected.Serum samples of 162 patients,including 86 patients with androgen-dependent prostate cancer (ADPC) and 76 patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) were collected.The expression level of microRNA-218 in the tissue and serum samples were detected by specific SYBR Green quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The correlation between the serum microRNAs and tissue microRNAs expressions tatus were analyzed,and their relationship with clinical characterization were also analyzed.Results The expression level of microRNA-218 in tissues and serum of patients with BPH was higher than that of patients with PCa (P ≤0.001).MicroRNA-218 level in PCa and BPH tissue were both correlated with that in the serum of PCa and BPH (rBPH =0.815,rPCa =0.423).The expression level of microRNAs in tissue and serum samples from PCa were negatively correlated to total prostate specific antigen (tPSA),clinical stages and pathological grade (P ≤0.05).Serum microRNA-218 expression was not significantly different between hormone-dependent PCa patients and newly diagnosed PCa patients,but was significantly lower than that of HRPC patients (P ≤ 0.05),and was positively correlated with tPSA (P ≤0.05).Conclusions The changes of microRNA-218 expression in serum of patients with BPH and prostate cancer can reflect the changes of microRNA-218 expression in tissues.Serum microRNA-218 is expected to be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and progression of prostate cancer.

Objective To evaluate the correlation of CT enhancement parameters with Fuhrman grade in T1 (≤7 cm) clear cell renal carcinoma(ccRCC).Methods From September 2011 to November 2017,102 post-operation cases in our hospital proven to be T1 ccRCC were retrospectively analyzed.There were 71 males and 31 females,with a mean age of (59.1 ± 12.7)years (26 ～79 years),mean body mass index(BMI) of (24.0 ± 2.8)kg/m2 (14.3 ～ 31.6 kg/m2).Tumors of 55 patients were in left kidneys,47 in right kidneys.Fuhrman grade 1 and 2 were defined as low-grade group,meanwhile high-grade group included grade 3 and 4.There were 46 males and 21 females in low-grade group,with a mean age of (59.0 ± 13.2) years,mean BMI of (24.0 ± 2.9) kg/m2.In high-grade group,there were 25 males and 10 females,with a mean age of (58.8 ± 11.8) years,mean BMI of (24.2 ± 2.7) kg/m2.The maximum diameter and tumor enhancement value (TEVX),relative enhancement value (REVX) were measured and calculated.In arterial phase,X =1;in venous phase X =2.The total consumption amount of iodine was recorded.Comparisons of maximum diameter,TEV1,TEV2,REV1,REV2 and the total consumption of iodine between the two different groups were performed.The ROC curves of TEV1,TEV2,REV1,and REV2 were drawn to predict the grade of tumors..Results The TEV1 [(146.1 ± 29.1) HU vs.(100.2 ± 32.1) HU],TEV2 [(98.2 ± 22.9) HU vs.(75.6 ± 25.7) HU],REV1 (1.12 ± 0.24 vs.0.70 ± 0.16),REV2(0.67 ± 0.17 vs.0.54 ± 0.18) between low-grade group and high-grade group had statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the maximum diameter[(41.8 ± 15.4)mm vs.(45.3 ± 17.0)mm] and the total consumption of iodine [(33.3 ± 5.0)g vs.(34.2 ± 4.4)g] between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The area under ROC curve of TEV1,TEV2,REV1 and REV2 were 0.856,0.755,0.901 and 0.728,respectively.REV1 had the highest distinguish efficiency and the best critical value was 0.93.Conclusions The enhancement parameters of T1 ccRCC could contribute to predicting the Fuhrman grade.When the REV1 ≤0.93,the tumor tended to be high-grade tumor(Fuhrman grade 3-4).

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of 180W greenlight laser in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the day surgery mode.Methods A retrospective review included 65 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia who were treated with photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) under 180W greenlight system from Jan 2017 to Jan 2018,was performed.The patients' age ranged from 54 to 75 years old and the prostatic volume ranged from 42 to 93 ml.All patients were classified into two groups [day sugery group (n =29) and inpatient surgery group(n =36)] based on the wishes of patients.In day sugery group,the admission,operation and discharge were completed in 24 hours.The preoperative clinic parameters such as prostate volume,IPSS,Qmax QOL and PVR were recorded in the two groups.The prostatic volume in two groups was (67.3 ± 15.9) ml and (70.4 ± 16.1) ml,respectively.The IPSS and QOL scores in two groups were (23.2±4.6 vs.23.9±4.5) and (4.7±0.9 vs.4.4± 0.8),respectively.The Q and PVR in two groups were [(6.7 ± 2.5) ml/s vs.(6.8 ± 2.8) ml/s] and [(133.9 ± 81.3) ml vs.(105.8 ± 76.3) ml],respectively.The time of catheterization and postoperative hospitalization,total cost,postoperative adverse events were recorded,too.All the clinic data of preoperation,intraoperation and postoperation were compared between two groups.Results The operations and follow-up were successfully executed in all patients.There were not statistical significance differences in preoperative parameters between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).There were not statistical significance differences in operating time [(67.8 ± 9.8) min vs.(70.9 ± 12.8) min],laser time [(49.8 ± 8.3) min vs.(51.6±10.4) min],energy used [(295.7±112.6) kJ vs.(285.0±108.2) kJ],between the two groups,too (P ＞ 0.05).A significantly less mean catheter duration,hospital stay and hospital charges were observed in the day surgery group [(14.6 ±2.0)hours,(0.5 ±0) days and (23 279 ±511) yuan,respectively] than in the inpatient surgery group [(51.7 ± 1 1.8) hours,(3.0 ± 0.8) days and (27 452 ± 440)yuan,respectively,P ＜0.05].3 cases of urinary retention and 1 case of gross hematuria after the catheter removal were recorded in the day surgery group,2 cases of urinary retention were recorded in the inpatient surgery group,and all of these 6 cases were cured through indwelling catheter.After 3 months follow up,there were not statistical significant differences io IPSS(12.4 ± 3.3 vs.10.6 ± 4.2),Q [(17.4±2.1)ml/s vs.(17.1 ±1.8) ml/s],and QOL (2.1 ±0.7 vs.2.3±0.7)between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).However,significant difference of those items could be noticed when compared with those items before surgery (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In the day surgery mode,180W greenlight laser vaporization of the prostate is safe and effective,without the increase of surgical complications.The length of stay and hospitalization expenses were much less.Thus,this strategy is worth promoting in clinical practice.