This study aims to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin A(VA)and mar-bling grade and the effect of different levels of serum VA on slaughter performance and fatty acid composition and related gene expression in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Woking black cattle and Angus cattle.Thirty Woking black cattle and seventeen Angus cattle aged 30 months were ran-domly selected and analyzed for the linear relationship between serum VA and marbling grade af-ter slaughter.The cattle were divided into three groups:the low VA group,medium VA group and high VA group,ranked in order of VA value in both Woking black cattle and Angus cattle.Statisti-cal analysis of the effects of different types and levels of VA on marbling grade,slaughter performance,fatty acid composition,and the effects of different levels of VA on the expression of genes related to intramuscular fat deposition and other genes in Woking black cattle or Angus cat-tle were also analyzed.The results showed that the marbling grade of Woking black cattle increased numerically with increasing serum VA at slaughter(P=0.203),whereas Angus cattle showed a numerical decrease(P=0.139).Analyses of subsequent subgroups showed that Woking black cat-tle had significantly higher marbling grade and oleic acid,monounsaturated/saturated fatty acids ratio in the longissimus dorsi muscle compared to Angus cattle(P＜0.05).As serum VA levels in-creased,DHA was significantly higher and n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio significantly lower in the longis-simus dorsi muscle of Woking black cattle(P＜0.05).Whereas VA was elevated in Angus cattle,a significant decrease in DHA and a significant increase in n-6/n-3 fatty acids(P＜0.05)were found.Furthermore,a notable up-or down-regulation(P＜0.05)of LPL,FABP4,PPARγ,C APZA2 and Villin 2 was observed in Woking black or Angus cattle,respectively,as VA levels increased.Based on these results,it was suggested that Woking black cattle require an appropriate increase in dieta-ry VA during the late fattening stage,which was found to produce a higher marbling grade and a higher percentage of beneficial fatty acids for human health when serum VA reached 80.7 IU/dL.Whereas Angus cattle still need to be restricted in ration VA content in the late fattening stage,when serum VA is elevated to 73.6 IU/dL,they produce beef that not only has a lower marbling grade but also has a corresponding reduction in fatty acids beneficial to human health.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin A(VA)and mar-bling grade and the effect of different levels of serum VA on slaughter performance and fatty acid composition and related gene expression in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Woking black cattle and Angus cattle.Thirty Woking black cattle and seventeen Angus cattle aged 30 months were ran-domly selected and analyzed for the linear relationship between serum VA and marbling grade af-ter slaughter.The cattle were divided into three groups:the low VA group,medium VA group and high VA group,ranked in order of VA value in both Woking black cattle and Angus cattle.Statisti-cal analysis of the effects of different types and levels of VA on marbling grade,slaughter performance,fatty acid composition,and the effects of different levels of VA on the expression of genes related to intramuscular fat deposition and other genes in Woking black cattle or Angus cat-tle were also analyzed.The results showed that the marbling grade of Woking black cattle increased numerically with increasing serum VA at slaughter(P=0.203),whereas Angus cattle showed a numerical decrease(P=0.139).Analyses of subsequent subgroups showed that Woking black cat-tle had significantly higher marbling grade and oleic acid,monounsaturated/saturated fatty acids ratio in the longissimus dorsi muscle compared to Angus cattle(P＜0.05).As serum VA levels in-creased,DHA was significantly higher and n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio significantly lower in the longis-simus dorsi muscle of Woking black cattle(P＜0.05).Whereas VA was elevated in Angus cattle,a significant decrease in DHA and a significant increase in n-6/n-3 fatty acids(P＜0.05)were found.Furthermore,a notable up-or down-regulation(P＜0.05)of LPL,FABP4,PPARγ,C APZA2 and Villin 2 was observed in Woking black or Angus cattle,respectively,as VA levels increased.Based on these results,it was suggested that Woking black cattle require an appropriate increase in dieta-ry VA during the late fattening stage,which was found to produce a higher marbling grade and a higher percentage of beneficial fatty acids for human health when serum VA reached 80.7 IU/dL.Whereas Angus cattle still need to be restricted in ration VA content in the late fattening stage,when serum VA is elevated to 73.6 IU/dL,they produce beef that not only has a lower marbling grade but also has a corresponding reduction in fatty acids beneficial to human health.

Objective To analyze the correlation between Glasgow coma score(GCS),blood lactic acid(Lac),and blood transfusion volume in traumatic emergency hemorrhagic shock patients,and their predictive value for patient prognosis.Methods Retrospective collection of clinical data from 128 trauma emergency shock patients who were treated and followed up in the Emergency Medical Center,Jinhua People's Hospital from March 2021 to May 2023.They were divided into good prognosis group(n=106)and poor prognosis group(n=22)according to their prognosis.The general information,GCS score,Lac level,and blood transfusion volume of two groups were compared.Using Cox regression model to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis in trauma emergency hemorrhagic shock patients.Establish receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve to analyze the predictive value of GCS score,Lac level,and blood transfusion volume on the prognosis of trauma emergency hemorrhagic shock patients.Results Among 128 patients,22 had poor prognosis,accounting for 17.19％.The initial 24-hour blood transfusion volume,Lac,and white blood cell(WBC)in poor prognosis group were higher than those in good prognosis group,while the admission GCS score and hemoglobin(Hb)level were lower than those in good prognosis group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the initial 24-hour blood transfusion volume was negatively correlated with admission GCS score and admission Hb level(P＜0.05),and positively correlated with admission Lac level(P＜0.05).The initial 24-hour blood transfusion volume,admission GCS score,admission Lac,and admission Hb levels are all independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of trauma emergency hemorrhagic shock patients(P＜0.05).The initial 24-hour blood transfusion volume,admission GCS score,admission Lac,admission Hb level,and combined predicted area under the curve(AUC)were 0.722,0.872,0.881,0.798,and 0.931,respectively,with sensitivity of 68.2％,76.6％,85.7％,75.7％,and 88.8％,and specificity of 70.8％,81.0％,78.5％,81.0％,and 85.7％,respectively.Paired Z-tests showed that the combined AUC was higher than a single indicator,and both sensitivity and specificity were optimal(P＜0.05).Conclusion The initial 24-hour blood transfusion volume,admission GCS score,admission Lac,and admission Hb levels are all independent risk factors for poor prognosis in trauma emergency hemorrhagic shock patients,and the combined prediction of the four has the highest efficacy value.

Designed experiment in medical functional experiment has become an important way to promote creative thinking and innovation of medical students.We applied different modes of designed experiment in undergraduates of clinical medicine and basic medicine in capital medical university,including classroom designed experiments,proposition designed experiments and free proposition designed experiments.After above reforming implements,creative thinking and innovation ability of medical students were enhanced.It also provided new ideas in future teaching reform in functional experiment.