Objective To explore the effect of evening primrose oil(EPO)on aortic endothelial damage in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS),using network pharmacology and in vivo experiments.Methods The potential targets of EPO for improving aortic endothelial injury in PCOS rats were predicted by network pharmacology,and the selected core targets and renin-angiotensin signaling(RAS)pathway were verified by experiments.Fifty-eight female SD rats were divided randomly into a blank group(n=10)and a modeling group(n=48).Rats in the blank group were fed a normal diet and rats in the modeling group received a high-fat diet for 8 weeks.The PCOS model was prepared at week 6 by administration of letrozole(1 mg/(kg·d))for 21 days.Blood was taken from the tail vein after modeling and serum was collected to detect hormone levels.The model rats were then divided randomly into four groups and treated with the corresponding drugs for 6 weeks.Blood,blood vessels,and ovaries were then collected.Tissue morphology was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and serum levels of luteinizing hormone(LH),testosterone(T),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),endothelin(ET-1),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Serum levels of nitric oxide(NO)were determined by spectrophotometry.Protein expression levels of core targets and RAS pathway-related factors were assessed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry.Results Twenty-five intersection targets of EPO and PCOS were identified by network pharmacological analysis.Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis showed that EPO improved vascular injury in PCOS rats via multiple pathways,including RAS.Serum levels of ET-1,FSH,LH,and T measured by ELISA were significantly decreased after EPO treatment,compared with the model group(P＜0.01).EPO significantly decreased the expression levels of Ang Ⅰ,VEGF-B,AT2R,ET-1,and TNF-α proteins in the aorta(P＜0.01)and significantly increased expression levels of Ang Ⅱ,CD31,and endothelial NO synthase proteins(P＜0.01).Conclusions EPO may ameliorate vascular endothelial injury in PCOS model rats by inhibiting the RAS signaling pathway and by overactivation of the ACE/Ang Ⅱ/AT1 axis.

Objective To explore the effect of evening primrose oil(EPO)on aortic endothelial damage in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS),using network pharmacology and in vivo experiments.Methods The potential targets of EPO for improving aortic endothelial injury in PCOS rats were predicted by network pharmacology,and the selected core targets and renin-angiotensin signaling(RAS)pathway were verified by experiments.Fifty-eight female SD rats were divided randomly into a blank group(n=10)and a modeling group(n=48).Rats in the blank group were fed a normal diet and rats in the modeling group received a high-fat diet for 8 weeks.The PCOS model was prepared at week 6 by administration of letrozole(1 mg/(kg·d))for 21 days.Blood was taken from the tail vein after modeling and serum was collected to detect hormone levels.The model rats were then divided randomly into four groups and treated with the corresponding drugs for 6 weeks.Blood,blood vessels,and ovaries were then collected.Tissue morphology was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and serum levels of luteinizing hormone(LH),testosterone(T),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),endothelin(ET-1),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Serum levels of nitric oxide(NO)were determined by spectrophotometry.Protein expression levels of core targets and RAS pathway-related factors were assessed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry.Results Twenty-five intersection targets of EPO and PCOS were identified by network pharmacological analysis.Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis showed that EPO improved vascular injury in PCOS rats via multiple pathways,including RAS.Serum levels of ET-1,FSH,LH,and T measured by ELISA were significantly decreased after EPO treatment,compared with the model group(P＜0.01).EPO significantly decreased the expression levels of Ang Ⅰ,VEGF-B,AT2R,ET-1,and TNF-α proteins in the aorta(P＜0.01)and significantly increased expression levels of Ang Ⅱ,CD31,and endothelial NO synthase proteins(P＜0.01).Conclusions EPO may ameliorate vascular endothelial injury in PCOS model rats by inhibiting the RAS signaling pathway and by overactivation of the ACE/Ang Ⅱ/AT1 axis.

Objective:To study the sex-related growth difference (SRGD) of embryo morphological parameters and early serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) level in single embryo transfer (SET) singleton live birth cycles.Methods:A retrospective cohort study analyzed the clinical data of patients with fresh and frozen non-donor, SET, and singleton live birth cycles from January 2020 to December 2022 in the Reproductive Medicine Center of Yantaishan Hospital ( n=311), and the neonatal sex group was grouped by gender, with 154 cases in the male infant group and 157 cases in the female infant group. The embryo transfer stage (93 cases in cleavage stage, 218 cases in blastocysts) and embryo quality (250 cases in the good-quality embryo group and 61 cases in the non-good-quality embryo group) were analyzed by subgroup stratification. Univariate and binary logistic/stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze whether there were embryonic morphological parameters and early β-hCG levels in the embryonic development stage and early pregnancy. Results:Univariate analysis showed that the general data matching of patients, such as parents' age, body mass index, embryo transfer stage, embryo quality, insemination method, and cycle type were comparable (all P>0.05). Univariate analysis of sex-related morphological parameters showed that the number of cells on the day 2 (D2) embryo in the male infant group (4.25±0.94) was larger than that in the female infant group (3.98±0.84, P=0.007). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the number of cells on D2 embryo was positively correlated with the number of live-born males ( OR=1.428, 95% CI: 1.052-1.938, P=0.022). Subgroup analysis of blastocysts showed that the number of cells on D2 embryo ( OR=1.522, P=0.021) and blastocyst expansion ( OR=2.969, P=0.029) were positively correlated with live-born males. The early β-hCG level in the male infant group [776.40 (521.95, 1 127.25) U/L] was higher than that in the female infant group [634.60 (425.80, 973.05) U/L, P=0.003], and it was related to the embryo transfer period ( β=0.139, P=0.012) and embryo quality ( β=0.136, P=0.014). In the stratified analysis of different embryo stages and quality subgroups, β-hCG levels in male infant group during the cleavage stage, blastocyst stage, and high-quality embryos [677.20 (462.63, 1 028.50) U/L, 838.30 (557.50, 1 191.00) U/L, 816.00 (563.95, 1 199.75) U/L] were higher than those in female infant group [538.40 (344.80, 804.80) U/L, 724.95 (446.83, 1 016.75) U/L, 651.40 (431.30, 985.73) U/L], and the differences were statistically significant ( P=0.041, P=0.044, P=0.001). Subgroup regression analysis of blastocysts showed that β-hCG level was positively correlated with higher blastocyst expansion ( β=0.162, P=0.010) and higher trophectoderm grade ( β=0.344, P<0.001). Conclusion:In the single live birth cycle of SET, the number of D2 embryo cells and the early β-hCG level of male infants were higher than those of female infants, and the expansion degree of blastocyst is related to sex, and there is SRGD.

Objective:To study the sex-related growth difference (SRGD) of embryo morphological parameters and early serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) level in single embryo transfer (SET) singleton live birth cycles.Methods:A retrospective cohort study analyzed the clinical data of patients with fresh and frozen non-donor, SET, and singleton live birth cycles from January 2020 to December 2022 in the Reproductive Medicine Center of Yantaishan Hospital ( n=311), and the neonatal sex group was grouped by gender, with 154 cases in the male infant group and 157 cases in the female infant group. The embryo transfer stage (93 cases in cleavage stage, 218 cases in blastocysts) and embryo quality (250 cases in the good-quality embryo group and 61 cases in the non-good-quality embryo group) were analyzed by subgroup stratification. Univariate and binary logistic/stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze whether there were embryonic morphological parameters and early β-hCG levels in the embryonic development stage and early pregnancy. Results:Univariate analysis showed that the general data matching of patients, such as parents' age, body mass index, embryo transfer stage, embryo quality, insemination method, and cycle type were comparable (all P>0.05). Univariate analysis of sex-related morphological parameters showed that the number of cells on the day 2 (D2) embryo in the male infant group (4.25±0.94) was larger than that in the female infant group (3.98±0.84, P=0.007). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the number of cells on D2 embryo was positively correlated with the number of live-born males ( OR=1.428, 95% CI: 1.052-1.938, P=0.022). Subgroup analysis of blastocysts showed that the number of cells on D2 embryo ( OR=1.522, P=0.021) and blastocyst expansion ( OR=2.969, P=0.029) were positively correlated with live-born males. The early β-hCG level in the male infant group [776.40 (521.95, 1 127.25) U/L] was higher than that in the female infant group [634.60 (425.80, 973.05) U/L, P=0.003], and it was related to the embryo transfer period ( β=0.139, P=0.012) and embryo quality ( β=0.136, P=0.014). In the stratified analysis of different embryo stages and quality subgroups, β-hCG levels in male infant group during the cleavage stage, blastocyst stage, and high-quality embryos [677.20 (462.63, 1 028.50) U/L, 838.30 (557.50, 1 191.00) U/L, 816.00 (563.95, 1 199.75) U/L] were higher than those in female infant group [538.40 (344.80, 804.80) U/L, 724.95 (446.83, 1 016.75) U/L, 651.40 (431.30, 985.73) U/L], and the differences were statistically significant ( P=0.041, P=0.044, P=0.001). Subgroup regression analysis of blastocysts showed that β-hCG level was positively correlated with higher blastocyst expansion ( β=0.162, P=0.010) and higher trophectoderm grade ( β=0.344, P<0.001). Conclusion:In the single live birth cycle of SET, the number of D2 embryo cells and the early β-hCG level of male infants were higher than those of female infants, and the expansion degree of blastocyst is related to sex, and there is SRGD.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) in the etiological diagnosis of patients with spinal infection, so as to provide reference for timely diagnosis and treatment.Methods:A total of 40 patients with suspected spinal infection admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2020 to July 2022 were included. The results of tissue culture, histopathological examination and tissue mNGS detection were analyzed retrospectively. According to the clinical diagnose, the patients were divided into the spinal infection group (28 cases) and the non-spinal infection group (12 cases). The positive rate, sensitivity and specificity of mNGS and tissue culture in the pathogen detection of patients with spinal infection were compared. McNemar test was used for statistical analysis.Results:There were 23 males and 17 females in 40 patients. The positive rate of mNGS was higher than that of tissue culture (75.0%(30/40) vs 12.5%(5/40)), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=0.08, P<0.001). Based on clinical diagnostic criteria, the sensitivity of mNGS in the diagnosis of spinal infection was higher than that of tissue culture (82.1% vs 17.9%), with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=0.02, P<0.001), while the specificity compared to the tissue culture (33.3% vs 100.0%), the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusions:mNGS has a high pathogen detection rate and sensitivity in the etiological diagnosis of patients with spinal infection, which could provide clinical guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with spinal infection.

Objective:To analyze the cause of poor distance visual acuity after refractive rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in cataract patients.Methods:The data were collected from patients who underwent cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens (refractive rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens, SBL-3) implantation at Beijing Aier Intech Eye Hospital from December 2016 to December 2018, and followed up for six months after operation. Standard logarithmic visual acuity chart was used to record uncorrected distance visual acuity, best corrected distance visual acuity, intermediate visual acuity, and near visual acuity. Defocus curve was drawn. The corneal topography, postoperative visual quality and intraocular lens centered or not were checked by Itrace.Results:Total 95 eyes of 70 patients were implemented by cataract phacoemulsification combined with regional refractive intraocular lens operation. Among them, uncorrected distance visual acuity of 16 eyes of 16 patients, were less than or equal to 0.6. The distance power zone of the intraocular lens of 7 patients were placed in the area of high corneal refractive power. Because of measurement error, reserved error, etc, the power of IOL in 7 patients had deviations. Farsightedness and dizziness occurred in 2 patients. The visual discomfort symptoms disappeared and vision improved through intraocular lens positioning.Conclusions:The poor quality of distance visual acuity is mainly caused by the coincidence of the distance power zone with the corneal high-refractive region, the deviation of the power of the intraocular lens, and the intraocular lens center shift. If the cornea has a high refractive area, the distance power zone should avoid to be placed in the same area. The intraocular lens should be reserved between 0-+ 0.25 D. Two-step surgery is recommended. It′s also recommended to make sure the lens is centered during the operation by lens reflection method.

Objective:To explore the accuracy of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/MR in preoperative localization of refractory epilepsy patients with conventional MRI negative. Methods:From August 2016 to December 2018, 57 refractory epilepsy patients (36 males, 21 females, age (24.0±10.3) years) with conventional MRI negative who underwent surgery in Xuanwu Hospital were retrospectively enrolled. All patients received interictal 18F-FDG PET/MR before surgery and the epileptogenic foci were determined by using visual and semi-quantitative methods. Patients were followed up for 1 year and the surgical outcome was evaluated according to Engel classification. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/MR in locating epileptogenic foci were calculated according to surgical resection and followed-up results as the " gold standard" . Results:Of 57 patients, 51(89.5%, 51/57) showed single or multiple hypo-metabolism focus on 18F-FDG PET/MR, and 6(10.5%, 6/57) showed no abnormal metabolism changes. The microstructure abnormality was found in 18 patients (31.6%, 18/57) on 18F-FDG PET/MR images. Follow-up results were obtained from 46 patients, and 84.8%(39/46) with seizure improvement (Engel Ⅰ-Ⅲ). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/MR in preoperative localization of epileptic foci was 90.0%(27/30), 3/16 and 65.2%(30/46), respectively. Conclusion:18F-FDG PET/MR is helpful for the detection of epileptic foci in patients with MRI-negative refractory epilepsy, and can provide reliable information for further surgical treatment.

On January 22, 2020, China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB) released the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource (2019nCoVR), an open-access information resource for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). 2019nCoVR features a comprehensive integra-tion of sequence and clinical information for all publicly available SARS-CoV-2 isolates, which are manually curated with value-added annotations and quality evaluated by an automated in-house pipeline. Of particular note, 2019nCoVR offers systematic analyses to generate a dynamic landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genomic variations at a global scale. It provides all identified variants and their detailed statistics for each virus isolate, and congregates the quality score, functional annotation,and population frequency for each variant. Spatiotemporal change for each variant can be visualized and historical viral haplotype network maps for the course of the outbreak are also generated based on all complete and high-quality genomes available. Moreover, 2019nCoVR provides a full collection of SARS-CoV-2 relevant literature on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including published papers from PubMed as well as preprints from services such as bioRxiv and medRxiv through Europe PMC. Furthermore, by linking with relevant databases in CNCB, 2019nCoVR offers data submission services for raw sequence reads and assembled genomes, and data sharing with NCBI. Collectively, SARS-CoV-2 is updated daily to collect the latest information on genome sequences, variants, hap-lotypes, and literature for a timely reflection, making 2019nCoVR a valuable resource for the global research community. 2019nCoVR is accessible at https://bigd.big.ac.cn/ncov/.

Objective To investigate the value of PET/CT imaging of cerebral glucose metabolism (CGM)and cerebral blood flow (CBF)in evaluating chronic disorders of consciousness (CDC).Methods A total of 10 CDC patients (5 males,5 females,age (50.9 ±17.2)years)and 10 healthy controls (5 males,5 females,age (52.0±10.3)years)from January 2016 to March 2017 were recruited to perform brain PET/CT of CGMand CBF.The brain PET imaging using 13 N-Ammonia was performed and followed by 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)PET.The mean standardized uptake values (SUVmean )of frontal,parietal, temporal and occipital lobes as well as basal ganglia,thalamus were obtained.The SUVmean of cerebral re-gions/SUVmean of cerebellum ratios (SUVr )were acquired.The SUVr were compared between the patients and controls.The imaging characteristics of CGM and CBF were investigated,and their relationships with clinical scores were further analyzed.Two-sample t test and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data.Results The radioactive distribution in the brain of healthy controls was symmetrical.SUVr of cer-ebral regions in the affected side of patients were significantly lower than those of the controls both in CGM imaging and CBF imaging (t values:2.90-5.19,all P<0.05).In 10 CDC patients,there were 9 with hypo-metabolism in basal ganglia and thalamus,8 with hypometabolism in frontal and parietal lobes,and 7 with hypometabolism in temporal and occipital lobes.At the same time,there were 7 with parietal hypoperfusion and 6 with hypoperfusion in other cerebral regions in the CDC patients.In the frontal,parietal lobes and basal ganglia,the CGMand CBF were both correlated with the clinical scores (r values:0.473-0.606,all P<0.05).Abnormal metabolism-perfusion patterns were divided into 3 types.Type Ⅰ included 2 patients and their hypometabolism and hypoperfusion were mismatched completely.Type Ⅱ included 3 patients and their hypometabolism and hypoperfusion were matched in frontal,parietal,occipital and temporal lobes,while mismatched in basal ganglia and thalamus.Type Ⅲ included 5 patients and their hypometabolism and hypoperfusion were matched completely.The clinical scores of typeⅠ,Ⅱand Ⅲ were 10.5,8.3 and 5.6, respectively.Conclusion The PET/CT imaging of cerebral blood flow and metabolism is useful in evalua-ting the disorders of consciousness.

The guidelines for standard nursing in the PET/MR imaging examination included preparation of examination,injecting drug,observing during scanning,post scanning care,management of adverse reaction of contrast agent and radiation protection.The purpose of these guidelines could were to provide the practical and effective management for nursing care in PET/MR imaging,and offer a framework for nurses that could provide useful and helpful in clinical practice and research.