OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect and mechanism of acupuncture at "Weizhong" (BL40) on microcirculation of paravertebral skeletal muscle in rats with chronic blunt injury of lumbar muscle based on the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. METHODS: Forty-eight SPF-grade SD rats were randomized into a blank group (8 rats) and a modeling group (40 rats). Chronic blunt injury model was established by weight impact method in the modeling group. Forty rats were successfully modeled, and were randomly divided into a model group, an acupuncture at Weizhong group (Weizhong group), an acupuncture at non-acupoint group (non-acupoint group), an inhibitor group, and an inhibitor+acupuncture at Weizhong group (inhibitor+Weizhong group), 8 rats in each group. In the Weizhong group and the inhibitor+Weizhong group, acupuncture was applied at bilateral "Weizhong" (BL40). In the non-acupoint group, acupuncture was applied at non-acupoints, i.e. points 0.5 cm inward from bilateral "Weizhong" (BL40). The acupuncture intervention was delivered 20 min each time, once a day for continuous 2 weeks. In the inhibitor group and the inhibitor+Weizhong group, intraperitoneal injection of IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor was given once a day, at a dosage of 2 mg/100 g, for continuous 2 weeks. Before modeling and on the 1st, 7th and 14th days of intervention, the body mass was measured. Before and after modeling, and after intervention, the limb grip strength and paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) were measured. After intervention, the morphology of psoas muscle was observed by HE staining; the ultrastructure of psoas muscle capillaries was observed by electron microscopy; the levels of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were detected by ELISA; and the protein and mRNA expression of IGF-1, IGF-1R, PI3K, AKT of psoas muscle was detected by Western blot and real-time PCR. RESULTS: Compared with the blank group, in the model group, the body mass on the 7th and 14th days of intervention, the limb grip strength, and the PWT of left and right hind feet were decreased (P<0.001, P<0.01); the skeletal muscle cells showed enlarged intercellular space, loosely arranged and irregularly shaped, the capillaries in the psoas muscle tissues were edematous, and the lumen of the blood vessels was obviously atrophied; the levels of serum VEGF and eNOS were decreased (P<0.001); in psoas muscle, the protein expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1R, as well as the p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT values were decreased (P<0.001), the mRNA expression of IGF-1, IGF-1R, PI3K and AKT was decreased (P<0.001, P<0.05). Compared with the model group, in the Weizhong group, the body weight was increased on the 7th and 14th days of intervention (P<0.001), the limb grip strength and the PWT of the left and right hind feet were increased (P<0.001, P<0.01); the arrangement of the skeletal muscle cells was relatively tight and the intercellular space was reduced, the blood vessels tended to be regular and the structure of the basement membrane was continuous, while the lumens of blood vessels were collapsed locally; the levels of serum VEGF and eNOS were increased (P<0.001); in psoas muscle, the protein expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1R, as well as the p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT values were increased (P<0.001), the mRNA expression of IGF-1, IGF-1R, PI3K and AKT was increased (P<0.001, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, in the inhibitor group, the body mass was decreased on the 7th and 14th days of intervention (P<0.05, P<0.01); the limb grip strength and the PWT of the left hind foot were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.001); the intercellular space of skeletal muscle cells was larger, the nuclei of the cells and erythrocytes were scattered in the intercellular space, the damage of the capillaries in the muscular tissues was serious, the collagen fibers were sparsely distributed and disorganized; the levels of serum VEGF and eNOS were decreased (P<0.001, P<0.01); in psoas muscle, the protein expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1R, as well as the p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT values were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001), the mRNA expression of IGF-1, IGF-1R, PI3K, and AKT was decreased (P<0.01, P<0.001, P<0.05). Compared with the Weizhong group, in the non-acupoint group and the inhibitor+Weizhong group, the body mass was decreased on the 7th and 14th days of intervention (P<0.001, P<0.01), the limb grip strength was decreased (P<0.001); the morphology of muscle cell was relatively poor, with generally irregular, there was mild collapse and atrophy in the vascular lumen, and mild edema in the endothelial cells; the levels of serum VEGF and eNOS were decreased (P<0.001); in psoas muscle, the protein expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1R, as well as the p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT values were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.001), the mRNA expression of IGF-1, IGF-1R, PI3K, and AKT was decreased (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the Weizhong group, the PWT of the left hind foot was decreased in the non-acupoint group (P<0.001), and PWT of the left and right hind feet was decreased in the inhibitor+Weizhong group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Acupuncture at "Weizhong" (BL40) promotes lumbar muscle repair in chronic low back pain, its mechanism may be related to the activation of the IGF-1/PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby improving the microcirculation.
Animals ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/genetics* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics* ; Male ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics* ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/metabolism* ; Acupuncture Points

To promote the standardization and normalization of perioperative care for follicular unit extraction(FUE) hair transplantation, ensure treatment efficacy, and align with advancements in the specialty, the Nursing Branch of the Chinese Association of Plastic and Aesthetics organized a panel of domestic experts. By integrating evidence-based medicine with clinical practice experience, and following thorough discussions, these experts developed the Clinical Practice Expert Consensus on Perioperative Nursing Care for Follicular Unit Extraction (2025). This consensus provides a comprehensive overview of hair transplantation, covering preoperative preparation, surgical procedures, intraoperative coordination, postoperative management, and complication prevention and treatment. It serves as a key reference and guide for implementing standardized perioperative nursing care in FUE hair transplantation.

Objective To investigate the carrying status and drug resistance analysis of pathogenic bacteria in the gut of healthy population in Huadu District,Guangzhou,and provide reference for epidemiological re-search.Methods A total of 337 459 anal swabs were directly isolated and cultured from healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations from 2018 to 2023.600 anal swabs from 2022 were randomly selected for multi pathogen nucleic acid testing,direct isolation and culture,and enrichment culture.Identification of bacteria was conducted by using VITEK 2 Compact and VITEK MS,serological testing was used for determi-nation of type,and drug susceptibility testing of pathogenic bacteria was conducted.Results A total of 128 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from rectal swabs,including 52 strains of Salmonella,71 strains of Aero-monas,3 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus,and 2 strains of Shigella flexneri,with a total detection rate of 3.79/10 000.The detection rate of Salmonella in direct isolation and culture of 600 rectal swabs was 0.50％,the detection rate of enrichment culture was 1.00％,and the detection rate of multi-pathogen nucleic acid de-tection was 1.17％.52 strains of Salmonella were divided into 27 serotypes,and Salmonella Ⅰ 4,5,12:i:—was the dominant serotype.Aeromonas sobria was the dominant serotype in Aeromonas.The sensitivity of Salmonella to piperacillin/tazobactam,imipenem,cefepime,levofloxacin,and aztreonam was up to 92.00％or more,however,the phenomenon of multidrug resistance was severe,with a multidrug resistance rate as high as 40.38％.The resistance rate of Aeromonas to ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam was up to 85.00％or more,while Aeromonas was relatively sensitive to other antibiotics.Conclusion There are many species and types of intestinal pathogenic bacteria carried by healthy individuals in Huadu District,Guangzhou,with Aero-monas and Salmonella ranking first and second,and levofloxacin treatment could be preferred.The use of bac-terial culture and multi pathogen nucleic acid testing methods could improve the detection rate of intestinal pathogenic bacteria,and attention should be paid to the monitoring of intestinal pathogenic bacteria among rel-evant practitioners.

Objective:To establish HPLC fingerprint and methods for determining the contents of four iridoid glycosides of Gentiana rigescens; To evaluate the quality of Gentiana rigescens from different origins; To improve the quality control level of Gentiana rigescens medicinal materials.Methods:Using 15 batches of Gentiana rigescens from the main production areas and authentic production areas as raw materials, the common mode of HPLC fingerprints of Gentiana rigescens was established, and the chemical components of the common peaks were identified. Referring to the common mode of fingerprints, similarity analysis was conducted on the fingerprints of Gentiana rigescens from different origins. Using chemometric methods, cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (HCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed on 15 batches of Gentiana rigescens, with the common peak area of fingerprint as the variable. The contents of four types of iridoid glycosides in Gentiana rigescens were determined. Combined with the fingerprints and the content results of four types of iridoid glycosides, the quality of Gentiana rigescens from different origins was evaluated.Results:The fingerprints of Gentiana rigescens contained 9 common peaks, with 4 identified iridoid glycosides. The similarity of the fingerprints of 15 batches of Gentiana rigescens ranged from 0.962 to 0.999. HCA and PCA divided the 15 batches of Gentiana rigescens into two categories. OPLS-DA analyzed 3 significantly different components, namely gentiopicroside, peak 7, and loganic acid. The content determination results showed that the average contents of loganic acid, swertiamarin, and gentiopicroside in Gentiana rigescens from Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture and Yunnan Province were the highest, and the total amount of four iridoid glycosides was also significantly higher than that from other regions, indicating that the overall quality of Gentiana rigescens from Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture and Yunnan Province was relatively good.Conclusion:This method is simple, fast, accurate, and can provide reference for improving the quality standards of Gentiana rigescens.

Objective:To establish fingerprints of Faeces Bombycis and simultaneously determine the content of four amino acids; To evaluate the quality of Faeces Bombycis from different regions. The fingerprint of Faeces Bombycis was established and the contents of 4 amino acids were determined.Methods:Kromasil 100-5 C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column was used for phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) pre-column derivation-high performance liquid chromatography with acetonitrile-0.1 mol/L sodium acetate solution (pH adjusted to 6.5 with acetic acid) (7:93) mixed solution, and acetonitrile-water (4:1) mixed solution were mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min; the column temperature was 35 ℃; the detection wavelength was 254 nm; the injection amount was 5 μl. The fingerprints of 17 batches of Faeces Bombycis were established, the common peaks were identified by comparison of reference materials, and the similarity evaluation and principal component analysis (PCA) were carried out. The contents of glycine, alanine, proline and phenylalanine were determined simultaneously.Results:A total of 12 common peaks were identified from the fingerprints of Faeces Bombycis, and 12 amino acids were identified. The similarity of 17 batches of samples was greater than 0.95. PCA analysis showed that the regional difference of the quality of Faeces Bombycis was not significant. Faeces Bombycis produced in Qujing city in Yunnan Province had the highest total contents of 4 amino acids.Conclusion:The method has good repeatability and can provide reference for the quality evaluation and standard improvement of Faeces Bombycis.

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of triterpenes and nucleosides in Poria based on HPLC; To accurately determine the various bioactive components in Poria.Methods:Similarity evaluation, clustering analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze the similarities and differences of different medicinal parts of Poria, and the key chromatographic peaks that could reflect the characteristics were found.Results:The Poricoic acid A and dehydroeburiconic acid could be used as the identification basis for Poriae Cutis and White Poria; at the same time, Polyporenic acid C, dehydropachymic acid and dehydrotrametenolic acid could be used to evaluate Rubra Poria and Poriae Cutis; uridine, guanosine and adenosine may be essential ingredients for evaluating the quality of White Poria, Poriae Cutis and Rubra Poria. In different medicinal parts of Poria, the triterpenes were showed significant differences; by contrary, there were little differences among the same medicinal parts.Conclusion:This study reveals the quality differences between different medicinal parts of Poria, which can provide a scientific basis for the rational application and pharmacodynamic standardization of Poria.

Ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)is a naturally occurring,low-toxicity,and hydrophilic bile acid(BA)in the human body that is converted by intestinal flora using primary BA.Solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)functions to uptake extracellular cystine in exchange for glutamate,and is highly expressed in a variety of human cancers.Retroperitoneal liposarcoma(RLPS)refers to liposarcoma originating from the retroperitoneal area.Lipidomics analysis revealed that UDCA was one of the most significantly down-regulated metabolites in sera of RIPS patients compared with healthy subjects.The augmentation of UDCA concentration(≥25 μg/mL)demonstrated a suppressive effect on the proliferation of liposarcoma cells.[15N2]-cystine and[13Cs]-glutamine isotope tracing revealed that UDCA impairs cystine uptake and glutathione(GSH)synthesis.Mechanistically,UDCA binds to the cystine transporter SLC7A11 to inhibit cystine uptake and impair GSH de novo synthesis,leading to reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulation and mitochondrial oxidative damage.Furthermore,UDCA can promote the anti-cancer effects of ferroptosis inducers(Erastin,RSL3),the murine double minute 2(MDM2)inhibitors(Nutlin 3a,RG7112),cyclin dependent kinase 4(CDK4)inhibitor(Abemaciclib),and glutaminase inhibitor(CB839).Together,UDCA functions as a cystine exchange factor that binds to SLC7A11 for antitumor activity,and SLC7A11 is not only a new transporter for BA but also a clinically applicable target for UDCA.More importantly,in combination with other antitumor chemotherapy or physiotherapy treatments,UDCA may provide effective and promising treatment strategies for RLPS or other types of tumors in a ROS-dependent manner.

Objective To understand the clinical applicability and implementation of expert consensus on the implementation and removal of protective restraints in psychiatry,and to provide references for promoting the standardized practice of psychiatric protective restraints and updating the consensus.Methods By the convenience sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted among nurses from 480 hospitals in 30 provinces from June 15 to July 15,2024.The survey was conducted using the instrument for evaluating clinical applicability of guide-lines(version 2.0)and a self-compiled questionnaire on the clinical implementation of the restraint consensus.Results A total of 7,844 valid questionnaires were collected,with a valid questionnaire recovery rate of 93.78％.The results of clinical applicability scoring showed that the consensus had the lowest availability score(64.72％)and the highest acceptability score(76.74％).The results showed that nurses' receiving training and the level of their hospitals were the main influencing factors for scores in various dimensions(P＜0.05).4,774 participants(87.42％)believed that the application of consensus could enhance the standardization of nurses' restraint operations.The safety rate of the restraint consensus was 79.51％,and the economic ratio was 76.87％.Among the evaluators,1,739(22.17％)believed that there were implementation obstacles in the consensus.Conclusion The clinical applicability of the consensus is relatively good,and the application of the consensus helps to improve the standardization of clinical operations.In the future,efforts should be made to strengthen the promotion and training of the consensus,develop hierarchical promotion strategies according to the characteristics of medical institutions,and improve the quality of evidence for the consensus,so as to further enhance the clinical application effect of the consensus.

Gasdermin family proteins play critical roles in cell pyroptosis.Previous studies mainly focused on the function of Gasdermin D and Gasdermin E,less attention has been paid to Gasdermin C.Recently,accumulating studies revealed some distinctive characters of Gasdermin C different from other Gasdermin proteins and the impact of Gasdermin C on the prognosis of different types of tumor.This review summarized the recent study progresses in terms of molecular structure of Gasdermin C,the Gasdermin C mediated pyroptotic pathway as well as the prognostic significance of Gasdermin C in tumors,by which to provide informative references for corresponding researchers.

Objective:To develop an integrated health management system based on wearable devices for conducting health management to discharged patients,so as to improve the lifestyle and medication compliance of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and control risk factors of disease,and maintain patients'safety.Methods:The wearable devices,mobile terminals,and hospital's medical information platform were systematically integrated to develop an integrated health management system.A total of 75 patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases(coronary heart disease and hypertension)who admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of The 940th Hospital of People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force during March 1 and April 1,2024 were selected,and they were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group using the random number table method,with 38 cases in the intervention group and 37 cases in the control group.During the 6 months of intervention observation period after discharge,patients in the intervention group used the integrated health management system for self-health management,while the patients of control group were managed with the conventional mode.The rate of medication compliance,changes of health behaviors,and changes of measurement data of body between the two groups were compared after the intervention.Results:The smoking rate of patients in the intervention group was 18.42%(7/38),which was lower than 43.24%(16/37)of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(x2=3.94,P<0.05).The average rate of medication compliance of patients in the intervention group was(89.00±2.39)%,which was higher than(84.8±2.37)%of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.15,P<0.05).The increase in diastolic blood pressure of patients in the intervention group was(1.76±2.06)mmHg,which was lower than(3.05±1.94)mmHg of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.49,P<0.05).Conclusion:The integrated health management system based on wearable devices is effective for the self-management of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and it has a good effect in controlling the level of blood pressure,improving behavioral habits,and enhancing medication compliance of patients.