Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of induction therapy with first-line chidamide plus chemotherapy and sequential chidamide maintenance therapy for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) to provide evidence for clinical medication.Methods:The relevant literature in the databases of Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang, and VIP from December 2014 to November 2023 were retrieved. Meta-analysis and comparison were conducted on the objective response rate (ORR), complete remission (CR) rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of patients receiving induction therapy with first-line chidamide plus chemotherapy and sequential chidamide maintenance therapy (chidamide combined with chemotherapy group) and those receiving chemotherapy alone (control group). A systematic descriptive analysis was performed on the occurrence of adverse events.Results:A total of 5 relevant literature on the induction therapy with first-line chidamide plus CHOP/CHOP-like regimens and sequential chidamide maintenance therapy for PTCL was included, including 350 initial-treated PTCL patients. Among them, there were 176 cases in the chidamide combined with chemotherapy group and 174 cases in the control group. The CR rate of the chidamide combined with chemotherapy group was higher than that of the control group [59.6% (90/151) (95% CI: 51.9%-67.5%) vs. 41.6% (62/149) (95% CI: 27.8%-51.7%)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.01); the ORR of the chidamide combined with chemotherapy group was 83.4% (126/151) (95% CI: 73.3%-94.1%), while the control group was 69.1% (103/149) (95% CI: 58.4%-79.2%), and the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.051). The 2-year PFS rate of the chidamide combined with chemotherapy group was higher than that of the control group [60.2% (106/176) (95% CI: 47.1%-74.6%) vs. 31.6% (55/174) (95% CI: 17.8%-45.7%)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.01); the 2-year OS rate of the chidamide combined with chemotherapy group was higher than that of the control group [83.2% (114/137) (95% CI: 66.8%-100.0%) vs. 53.4% (93/174) (95% CI: 42.1%-67.9%)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the chidamide combined with chemotherapy group and the control group in the incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia [60.6% (20/33) and 57.6% (19/33)], anemia [17.9% (20/112) and 16.0% (17/106)] and thrombocytopenia [22.3% (25/112) and 22.6% (24/106)] (all P > 0.05); during the maintenance therapy with chidamide, the incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia was 28.1% (9/32), 12.5% (4/32) and 15.6% (5/32), respectively; the hematological adverse events mostly occured within 6 weeks of initial administration and were relieved after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions:Compared with only receiving chemotherapy, the first-line combination therapy with chidamide and CHOP/CHOP-like regimens can improve the CR rate of PTCL patients, and the maintenance therapy with chidamide alone after remission can improve PFS and OS and the hematological adverse reactions are tolerable.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) in a real-world setting.Methods:This was a real-world ambispective cohort study (MOMENT study) (Chinese clinical trial registry number: ChiCTR2200062067). Clinical data were collected from 198 patients who received mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection as monotherapy or combination therapy at 37 hospitals from January 2022 to January 2023, including 166 patients in the retrospective cohort and 32 patients in the prospective cohort; 10 patients in the treatment-na?ve group and 188 patients in the relapsed/refractory group. Clinical characteristics, efficacy and adverse events were summarized, and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed.Results:All 198 patients were treated with mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection for a median of 3 cycles (range 1-7 cycles); 28 cases were treated with mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection as monotherapy, and 170 cases were treated with the combination regimen. Among 188 relapsed/refractory patients, 45 cases (23.9%) were in complete remission (CR), 82 cases (43.6%) were in partial remission (PR), and 28 cases (14.9%) were in disease stabilization (SD), and 33 cases (17.6%) were in disease progression (PD), with an objective remission rate (ORR) of 67.6% (127/188). Among 10 treatment-na?ve patients, 4 cases (40.0%) were in CR, 5 cases (50.0%) were in PR, and 1 case (10.0%) was in PD, with an ORR of 90.0% (9/10). The median follow-up time was 2.9 months (95% CI 2.4-3.7 months), and the median PFS and OS of patients in relapsed/refractory and treatment-na?ve groups were not reached. In relapsed/refractory patients, the difference in ORR between patients with different number of treatment lines of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection [ORR of the second-line, the third-line and ≥the forth-line treatment was 74.4% (67/90), 73.9% (34/46) and 50.0% (26/52)] was statistically significant ( P = 0.008). Of the 198 PTCL patients, 182 cases (91.9%) experienced at least 1 time of treatment-related adverse events, and the incidence rate of ≥grade 3 adverse events was 66.7% (132/198), which was mainly characterized by hematologic adverse events. The ≥ grade 3 hematologic adverse events mainly included decreased lymphocyte count, decreased neutrophil count, decreased white blood cell count, and anemia; non-hematologic adverse events were mostly grade 1-2, mainly including pigmentation disorders and upper respiratory tract infection. Conclusions:The use of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection-containing regimen in the treatment of PTCL has definite efficacy and is well tolerated, and it is a new therapeutic option for PTCL patients.

The Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrtinib has excellent results in B-cell lymphoma. However, there are still unmet treatment needs in clinical practice. New BTK inhibitors are highly selective and specific, reducing off-target effects. The overall response rate (ORR) of acalabrutinib combination therapy is more than 90%, and high rates of peripheral blood and bone marrow minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative are obtained. Orelabrutinib is a new domestic BTK inhibitor, the results of a phase Ⅱ study showed that the ORR in relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma is 88.5%, and in mantle cell lymphoma is 82.5%. Another new domestic BTK inhibitor zanubrutinib, international multi-center study showed that ORR is 95.9% in relapsed/refractory CLL, and in treatment-na?ve chronic lymphocytic leukemia with del (17p) is 92.2%. In addition, non-covalent BTK inhibitors are also emerging, which are expected to overcome the problem of resistance to BTK inhibitors.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common malignant lymphoma subtype. Although the R-CHOP standard treatment regimen improved the overall survival of DLBCL patients, the 5-year overall survival rate of high-risk patients was still less than 50％. DLBCL is always a hot spot for research and attention. For example, the combination of new drugs, immune-targeted therapy with chimeric antigen receptor T cells or antibody therapy, how to reduce the long-term adverse and the search for new prognostic biomarkers and typing systems. The recent progress of DLBCL reported in the 60th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting is briefly introduced in this paper.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) deriving from the germinal center B-cell, is the most common indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin''s lymphoma (NHL) and an incurable disease. FL was reported as the most attractive subtype of NHL at the 59th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting. The current focus includes maintenance treatment after induction therapy, new drugs combined induction therapy and maintenance therapy, chemotherapy-free for FL and the investigation of new prognostic biology markers.

The 23rd Congress of the European Hematology Association (EHA) was held in Stockholm, Sweden from June 14-17, 2018. The latest analysis of three chimeric antigen receptor T-cell treatments for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and clinical data from a number of immunotargeting drugs were presented at this congress, all showing encouraging results. The recent progress of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma is briefly introduced in this paper.

In recent years, immunotherapy has become an indispensable part in treatment of cancer, and the immune checkpoint inhibitors are the focus of attention. In the 58th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting, the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hematologic malignancies had been widely concerned. The recent progress of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hematologic malignancies in this annual meeting will be briefly introduced.

The 14th International Conference on Malignant Lymphoma (ICML) was held in Lugano, Switzerland from June 14, 2017 to June 17, 2017. More than 3500 lymphoma experts and scholars attended this unprecedented conference. In particular, the Joint Forum on Union for China Lymphoma Investigators (UCLI)-ICML jointly organised by UCLI and ICML had greatly improved Chinese academic status in the field of lymphoma worldwide. Chinese experience on the treatment of T-cell lymphoma was exchanged during the conference. This paper reviews the recent progress in treatment of T-cell lymphoma in the meeting.

In recent years, there has been significant progress in the treatment of malignant lymphoma, new drugs and new treatment strategies continue to emerge, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells immunotherapy. The issue of malignant lymphoma has received a lot of attention. The recent progress of malignant lymphoma reported in the 57th American Society of Hematology annual meeting were briefly introduced in this article.

The treatments of multiple myeloma (MM) have been made remarkable progress in recent years,and especially in 2015,FDA approved a number of new drugs for treatment of relapsed and refractory MM.At the 21th European Hematology Association Annual Meeting,the issue of MM has received a lot of attention.The recent progress of MM in this conference will be briefly introduced in this review.