To explore the differences in biological gas production in the waterlogged zone of a coal seam fire-affected area, in this study the in-situ gas production experiment was conducted with the mine water from aquitard layers in coal seam fire zones in Xinjiang. The results showed that the biogas production first increased and then decreased with the increase in distance, and the highest gas production reached 216.55 mL. The changes in key metabolic pathways during the anaerobic fermentation of coal were analyzed, which showed that as the distance from the aquitard layer in the coal seam fire zone increased, the methanogenesis pathways gradually shifted from acetic acid decarboxylation and carbon dioxide reduction to acetic acid decarboxylation and methylamine methanogenesis. The significant variability in the in-situ mine water reservoir conditions contributed to the differences. In addition, the reservoir pressure and temperature increased as the distance from the fire zone became longer, and the salinity of the farthest mine water in the reverse fault was the highest due to the lack of groundwater supply. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant correlations of microbial communities with key functional genes and the types and concentrations of ions. The ions significantly influencing microbial enzymatic metabolic activities included Al³⁺, Fe²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Mg²⁺, PO₄^3-, and Mo⁶⁺. The differences in metabolic pathways were attributed to the integrated effects of a co-occurring environment with multiple ions. The gas production simulation experiments and metagenomic analyses provide data support for the practical application of in-situ biogas experiments, laying a foundation for engineering applications.
Biofuels ; Coal ; Methane/biosynthesis* ; Fires ; Groundwater ; Coal Mining ; Fermentation ; China ; Anaerobiosis

The development of obesity is closely related to the disruption of central appetite regulation. Gastric growth hormone-releasing peptide is the only appetite-promoting peptide known to be present in the circulatory system. Ghrelin may act on the central homeostatic and hedonic feeding neural pathways to promote appetite and feeding behavior, and may be a new target for appetite regulation. In addition, Ghrelin is also involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis via promoting growth, regulating gastrointestinal function, and suppressing inflammatory response. Therefore, the research on the mechanism of ghrelin and its receptors will help understand the pathophysiological changes in the central appetite regulation process of obese patients, and to find potential targets for the treatment of obesity. In this paper, we focus on the molecular mechanism of appetite regulation by Ghrelin and its clinical application.

Objective:To analyze the clinical phenotype and molecular pathogenesis of nine patients with hereditary factor Ⅴ (FⅤ) deficiency.Methods:Nine patients with hereditary FⅤ deficiency who were admitted to the Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital from April 1999 to September 2019 were analyzed. The activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and FⅤ procoagulant activity (FⅤ∶C) were measured for phenotypic diagnosis. High-throughput sequencing was employed for the F5 gene mutation screening, Sanger sequencing was adopted to confirm candidate variants and parental carrying status, Swiss-model was used for three-dimensional structure analysis, and ClustalX v.2.1 was used for homologous analysis.Results:The FⅤ∶C of the nine patients ranged from 0.1 to 10.6. Among them, eight had a hemorrhage history, with kin/mucosal bleeding as the most common symptom (three cases, 37.5%) , whereas one case had no bleeding symptom. There were five homozygotes and four compound heterozygotes. A total of 12 pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations were detected, of which c.6100C>A/p.Pro2034Thr, c.6575T>C/p.Phe2192Ser, c.1600_1601delinsTG/p. Gln534*, c.4713C>A/p.Tyr1571*, and c.952+5G>C were reported for the first time.Conclusion:The newly discovered gene mutations enriched the F5 gene mutation spectrum associated with hereditary FⅤ deficiency. High-throughput sequencing could be an effective method to detect F5 gene mutations.

Objective To characterize the molecular profile in patients with Ph negative myeloproliferative neoplasms ( MPN) by exploring 49 gene mutations.Methods Targeted gene sequencing were performed to analyze 49 MPN-associated genes in 51 patients with Ph negative MPN, of which CARL ( exon 9 ) , NPM1 ( exon 12 ) and CEBPA ( TAD, BZIP domains ) were investigated by using Sanger sequencing simultaneously, while FLT3-ITD was assessed by PCR method. Results Mutations were detected in 73.5%(36/49) of genes, and the mutational rates of JAK2-V617F, CALR (exon 9) and MPL were 60.8%( 31/51 ) , 7.8%( 4/51 ) and 7.8%( 4/51 ) respectively, whereas the mutational rates of ASXL1, SETBP1, and SF3B1 were around 10%.In addition, 96.1%(49/51) of patients harbored at least one mutation, and more than half of the patients (52.9%,27/51) possessed 3 or 4 gene mutations.The amount of gene mutations was significantly higher in patients with JAK2-V617F mutation than those without JAK2-V617F or CALR (exon 9) mutation (P<0.05).The last finding was that there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of mutations among four MPN subtypes ( PV, ET, PMF, and MPN-U) . Conclusion Most patients with Ph negative MPN possesses three or more gene mutations, with various mutational profiles.