Objective:To analyze the expression of sequence similarity family 3 member C (FAM3C) in pancreatic cancer and its effects on pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and the underlying mechanisms.Methods:Tissue samples from four pancreatic cancer patients undergoing surgical resection at Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from July 2022 to June 2023 were collected. Expression of FAM3C was assessed in both cancer and adjacent tissues using polymerase chain reaction and Western blot techniques. High FAM3C-expressing pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 were selected for further experiments involving FAM3C-siRNA and methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METTL3)-siRNA groups, alongside a negative control group. Cell counting, Transwell assays, and co-immunoprecipitation with methylation antibodies were utilized to evaluate the proliferation, migration, invasion, and methylation status of FAM3C.Results:The relative expression of FAM3C mRNA in cancer tissues of the four patients with pancreatic cancer was higher than that in adjacent tissues (1.29±0.19 vs 0.47±0.17, t=-6.48, P=0.001). Compared with the negative control group A, the proliferation ability of the FAM3C-siRNA interference group decreased, and the number of migrating and invasive cells decreased (all P<0.05). In the negative control group B of PANC-1 cells, the relative expression of FAM3C mRNA in IgG-treated cells was lower than that in the methylated antibody-treated group (1.05±0.53 vs 30.57±1.09, t=-42.04, P=0.001). After PANC-1 cells were treated with methylated antibodies, the relative expression of FAM3C mRNA in the negative control group B was higher than that in the METTL3-siRNA interference group (30.57±1.09 vs 18.17±0.50, t=17.89, P=0.001). Compared with the negative control group B, the proliferation ability, migration and invasion cell numbers of PANC-1 cells in the METTL3-siRNA interference group were reduced (all P<0.05). The results of MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells were consistent. Conclusions:FAM3C is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer and promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. METTL3 affects FAM3C expression by methylation and proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells.

Objective To analyze the blood concentration monitoring results of 7 new antiepileptic drugs levetiracetam(LEV),oxcarbazepine(OXC),lamotrigine(LTG),topiramate(TPM),lacosamide(LCM),zonisamide(ZNS)and perampanel(PER)and provide a basis for clinical rational drug use.Methods Aretrospective analysis was conducted on the blood concentration monitoring results of 7 new antiepileptic drugs in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Beijing from November 2021 to March 2023,with a total of 6 537 valid concentration data collected.The patients were grouped according to age,gender and concomitant medication,and the blood drug concentration levels and compliance rates among the groups were analyzed and compared.Results The male to female patient ratio was 1.35∶1.There were statistically significant differences in the blood concentration distribution of OXC,LEV,LCM and TPM between genders(P<0.05).The blood concentration of LEV showed statistically significant differences between the pediatric group and the elderly group,as well as between the young adult group and the elderly group(P<0.05).The blood concentrations of OXC,ZNS and TPM showed statistically significant differences between the pediatric group and the young and middle-aged group,between the young and middle-aged group and the elderly group,and between the pediatric group and the young and middle-aged group,respectively(P<0.05).The highest and lowest overall compliance rates of blood concentration were observed for OXC and LCM,respectively.The compliance rates of OXC and TPM in the pediatric group were significantly higher than those in the young-middle-aged group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05),while the compliance rate of LEV in the elderly group was significantly higher than that in the pediatric group and the young-middle-aged group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There were a total of 2 133 cases with combined drug use.LEV,OXC and LTG are frequently used and have good efficacy and weak interactions when added to treatment.Conclusion New antiepileptic drugs show a promising prospect in treatment,and therapeutic drug monitoring can further improve the effectiveness of individualized clinical treatment.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-tumor effects of the components of Ganoderma lucidum(Gc) based on the two-dimensional(2D) and three-dimensional(3D) culture of colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. METHODS The chemical compositional of the three components was identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. An in vitro 3D culture model of HCT116 cells was established by using Matrigel as the matrix material, and the effects of Gc1, Gc2, Gc3, and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) on the proliferation of HCT116 cells in 2D and 3D culture models were evaluated, and the effects of Gc3 on cell-cycle, apoptosis, drug resistance, lipid metabolism, and 5-FU's anti-tumor activity were evaluated. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. mRNA expression level of the cells was analyzed by Real-time PCR. Proteins expression level of the cells was analyzed by Western blotting. HPLC was used to detect the content of 5-FU in cells. RESULTS A total of 76, 69, and 17 compounds were identified from Gc1, Gc2, and Gc3, respectively. Compared with 2D culture, the proliferation rate of HCT116 cells was decreased in the 3D culture model, and the expression of cell cycle-promoters CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and fatty acid synthesizer FASN, SREBP1 were significantly down-regulated. On the contrary, the expression of cell cycle-suppressor p21, p27, and lipid droplet breakdown proteins ATGL and drug resistance gene ITGB1, CDH1, ABCB1, and ABCC1 mRNA were significantly up-regulated. Gc1, Gc2, Gc3 and 5-FU inhibited the proliferation of both 2D and 3D cultured HCT116 cells in a dose dependent manner after incubation for 48 h, and the inhibitory effect of Gc3 was significantly stronger than Gc1 and Gc2. Gc3 could not only reduce the expression of CDK2, CDK4, Bcl-xl, ATGL, and LC3B proteins, but also increase the expression of p21, p27, Bax, Cleaved caspase-3, and Cleaved PARP1 proteins, and overexpression of LC3B or ATGL attenuated Gc3-induced cytotoxicity in 3D cultured HCT116 cells. In addition, Gc3 significantly inhibited the expression of ITGB1, CDH1, ABCB1, and ABCC1 mRNA, and increased the intracellular 5-FU content, and enhanced the anti-tumor activity. CONCLUSION Gc3 significantly inhibit the proliferation of 3D-cultured HCT116 cells by inhibiting cell autophagy and lipid droplet breakdown, and enhance the anti-cancer activity of 5-FU by inhibiting the expression of ITGB1, CDH1, ABCB1, and ABCC1 mRNA.

Background Programmed necrosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases, but whether lead causes programmed cell necrosis has not been reported. Objective This experiment is designed to probe into the function of programmed necrosis and the effect of its inhibitor on lead-induced microglia (BV2 cell) injury. Methods The BV2 cells at logarithmic growth phase were treated with 0, 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μmol·L⁻¹ lead acetate for 12, 24, 36, and 48 h, respectively, and methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was used to determine cell viability. After treatment with 0, 25, 50, and 100 μmol·L⁻¹ lead acetate for 24 h, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, and flow cytometry were used to determine the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) in the cells, and the effect of RIPK1 inhibitor Nec-1 pretreatment on lead-induced BV2 cell injury . Results The BV2 cell viability decreased with higher lead concentration (r_{12 h}=−0.995, r_{24 h}=−0.984, r_{36 h}=−0.983, r_{48 h}=−0.981, all P<0.01) and time extension (only for 5 μmol·L⁻¹ lead acetate, r=−0.994, P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the BV2 cell viability decreased at the same exposure time when the concentration of lead was above 10 μmol·L⁻¹ (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the expressions of RIPK1 and MLKL were increased in the 25, 50, and 100 μmol·L⁻¹ lead groups (P<0.05 or 0.01), accompanied by an increase in the contents of inflammatory cytokine TNF-α, especially in the 100 μmol·L⁻¹ lead group, the increment was the highest (P<0.01). The expression levels of p-RIPK1 and p-MLKL in BV2 cells were both increased when the concentration of lead acetate was above 50 μmol·L⁻¹ (P<0.01). In addition, pretreatment with Nec-1 increased the cell viability rate and decreased the necrosis and late apoptosis rate of BV2 cells exposed to lead compared with corresponding lead exposure groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Lead can reduce BV2 cell viability, increase necrosis rate, and up-regulate the expressions of RIPK1, RIPK3, amd MLKL, and the phosphorylation levels of RIPK1 and MLKL. The RIPK1 inhibitor Nec-1 has an intervention effect on lead-induced damage in BV2 cells, indicating that programmed necrosis may play a role in lead neurotoxicity.

BACKGROUND: Preoperative anxiety/depression can bring physical and mental harm to the patients with lung cancer. There is little study on whether hospital waiting time before surgery can increase the psychological burden of patients with lung cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the preoperative anxiety and depression of patients with lung cancer in our hospital, and to analyze the related influencing factors. METHODS: A total of 135 lung cancer inpatients in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Beijing Friendship Hospital were studied. Their general information and anxiety/depression were recorded by general questionnaire, Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS). RESULTS: The score of SAS was 36.25 (30.00, 42.50) on the day of admission, and 37.50 (31.25, 43.75) on one day before operation. The score of self-rating depression scale (SDS) was 46.25 (40.00, 52.50) on the day of admission, and 47.50 (41.25, 53.75) on one day before operation. Compared with the Chinese norm, there were 0 patient suffered from anxiety on the day of admission, and one day before operation. There were 2 patients suffered from mild anxiety; 6 patients suffered from mild depression on the day of admission, and this number went up to 8 on the day before operation. Single factor analysis showed that the hospital waiting time before surgery was positively correlated with preoperative anxiety and depression, and the results were statistically significant (P<0.05). The generalized linear model analysis showed that other factors such as knowledge, gender, age and marital status had no significant correlation with preoperative anxiety and depression. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of preoperative anxiety in hospitalized patients with lung cancer is positively correlated to the hospital waiting time before surgery. The longer they stayed in the hospital before operation, the greater their risk of anxiety/depression. So medical staff should actively focus on the psychological condition of the patients with lung cancer, and it is strongly recommended that patients complete preoperative examination and preparation in the outpatient department, in order to reduce the waiting time before operation and reduced the risk of adverse psychological problems such as anxiety and depression.

Objective: To study the quality of life and its influencing factors of patients with deep partial-thickness and above burns on head and face at discharge, and to guide clinical nurses to provide targeted nursing for patients. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 42 patients with deep partial-thickness and above burns on head and face who met the inclusion criteria. The patients were hospitalized from January 2014 to November 2017 in the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery of our hospital and were selected by adopting the convenient sampling method. On the day before discharge, the Chinese version of the Abbreviated Burn Specific Health Scale was used to assess the scores in various fields of patients′ quality of life and total scores. The self-designed general situation questionnaire was used to investigate the gender, age, education level, occupation, marital status, cause of injury, and source of expenses of patients, and the scores in various fields of quality of life of patients in various general conditions and total scores were recorded. Data were processed with t test or one-way analysis of variance. The indicators with statistically significance in the total score difference in the above analysis were chosen, and multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to screen the factors influencing the quality of life of patients. Results: Totally 42 groups of questionnaires were sent out and 42 groups of valid questionnaires were retrieved. The effective recovery rate was 100%. The total score of quality of life of patients at discharge was (49±10) points. The scores of general health status (57±23) points, social relations (56±18) points, physical function (49±17) points, and mental health (41±20) points were ranked from high to low. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of physical function, mental health, and general health status among patients of different age groups (F=8.115, 14.182, 19.285, P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of mental health, social relations, and general health status among patients with different educational levels (F=3.312, 51.176, 21.852, P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of mental health and general health status among patients with different occupations (F=3.667, 2.947, P<0.05). The scores of mental health and social relations of married patients were significantly higher than those of unmarried patients (t=27.096, 4.885, P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of physical function, mental health, social relations, general health status of patients with different causes of injury (F=3.000, 5.438, 4.005, 9.125, P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of mental health and general health status of patients with different sources of expenses (F=10.456, 3.368, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The total scores of quality of life of patients with different gender and causes of injury were similar (t=0.407, F=1.145, P>0.05); there were statistically significant differences in the total scores of quality of life of patients of different age groups, with different education levels, occupations, sources of expenses, and marital status (F=2.947, 17.064, 9.324, 4.101, t=7.225, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, education level, occupation, marital status, and source of expenses were the factors influencing the quality of life of patients at discharge (t=-2.437, 8.037, -2.994, 5.016, 3.519, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions The quality of life of patients with deep partial-thickness and above burns on head and face is at a low level at discharge. The influencing factors include age, education level, occupation, marital status, and source of expenses. Nurses should screen the relevant items when the patient is hospitalized. Emphasis should be laid on young, with undergraduate and above education, unmarried, self-funded patients, and those engaged in occupations with high facial requirements, to minimize the negative mood of patients, encourage them to face life, choose the right career, and improve their quality of life.

Cylindromatosis gene is a kind of tumor suppressor genes, whose mutation or deletion will lead to the development of a cylindrical tumor. The deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD protein encoded by it is a member of the deubiquitinating enzyme family. CYLD alters the function of the target molecules by removing the ubiquitin chain linked to the substrate protein K63, and participates in the regulation of signaling pathways, such as NF-κB, JNK and Wnt. This article reviews the recent year’s research progress of CYLD, especially its negative regulatory role in the progression of liver-related diseases.

Objective To discuss the proper operation time of patients with encapsulated empyema secondary to tubercu-lous pleurisy by review the clinical characteristics and duration of these patients.Methods From December 1995 to May 2017, 235 patients with encapsulated empyema and pleural decortication were operated.The course of disease and preopera-tional data were collected.Patients were divided into three groups according to the duration of disease(group A with 113 cases,≤12 months; group B with 53 cases, 12 -24 months; group C with 69 cases, >24 months).Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to decrease the baseline difference among three groups.Preoperational features, such as operation time, bleeding, complications were compared between groups.Results PSM were conducted between group A and group B (45 paired patients), group B and group C(29 paired patients), respectively.The length of operation, amount of bleeding and blood transfusion in group B were significantly higher than those in group A and group C .The days with tube and hospitalization in group B were significantly longer than group A, but they were insignificantly different compared with group C(P>0.05). Postoperative complications were similar between the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Encapsulated empyema in early stage(within 1 year of onset) or after the maturation of the fibrous plate(over 2 years) is less difficult for surgical intervention, and try to avoid surgical treatment at high risk(1 to 2 years).

Objective To investigate the evaluation index of melasma staging by clinical manifestations and non-invasive skin detection technology.Methods A total of 195 patients with a clinical diagnosis of melasma were enrolled from the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University.The skin with lesion enlarged,color darker,erythema,red occured after scratching or lesion faded after compressing with glass belonged to the active stage;on the contrary,it was in the stable stage.Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM),dermoscopy,Mexameter 18 and LAB were used to observe skin lesions of different stage of melasma.Results There were 115 patients (59.0 ％) in the active stage of melasma and 80 patients (41.0 ％) in the stable stage.DMA score in active stage 35.08± 10.59 were significantly higher than that of the stable stage 15.06-4-9.20 (P＜0.05).There were statistically significant difference in the quantity of inflammatory cell and blood vessels between two stages of melasma (P＜0.05).Erythema index (EI) in active stage of melasma 376.35±61.39 were high-er than that of the stable stage 320.364± 62.40 (P＜0.05).A-value in active stage of melasma 13.28± 1.75 were higher than that of the stable stage 12.34± 1.78 (P＜0.05).However,there were no siginificant differences in the quantity of melenin,melanin index (MI),L-value and B-value.Conclusions Melasma could be divided into active stage or stable stage,respectively,according to its clinical manifestations.DMA score,quantity of inflammatory cells and blood vessels,EI and A-value could be used as the reference index of melasma staging.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the toxic effects of nano-sized neodymium oxide( nano-Nd_2O_3) on the central nervous system in mice. METHODS: Specific pathogen free female ICR mice were randomly divided into control group,lowdose group and high-dose group,with 12 rats in each group. The mice in low-dose group and high-dose group were treated with nano-Nd_2O_3 by nasal drip method at 80 and 160 mg/( kg·d) body weight for 30 days,while the mice in the control group were given 0. 9% sodium chloride solution. The water maze experiment and jump platform experiment were used to evaluate learning and memory ability. Hippocampus was examined using Hematoxylin-Eosin( HE) staining and glial fibrillary acidic protein( GFAP) immunohistochemical staining. The level of malondialdehyde( MDA) and the activity of total superoxide dismutase( T-SOD) in brain tissue were detected by microplate reader. RESULTS: The escape latency increased and the step down latency decreased in the low-dose group and high-dose group compared with the control group(P < 0. 05). No obvious pathological changes were observed by HE staining in brain hippocampus. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that the expression of GFAP protein in the hippocampal astrocytes of the low-and high-dose groups was higher than that in the control group,especially in the high-dose group,when compared with the control group. The MDA level increased and the T-SOD activity decreased in the low-and high-dose groups compared with the control group( P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: nano-Nd2 O3 can reduce the learning and memory ability of mice and increased GFAP expression in hippocampal astrocytes. The mechanism may be related to oxidative stress.