Objective:To observe the characteristics of intracranial arterial plaque in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) by high-resolution magnetic resonance vascular wall imaging(HRMR-VWI), and to explore the significance of HRMR-VWI in the evaluation of acute cerebral infarction.Methods:A total of 71 patients with ischemic stroke (IS) admitted to Huzhou Central Hospital from June 2022 to February 2024 were retrospectively selected as the study objects, including 38 patients with ACI (ACI group) and 33 patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA group). Clinical data, HRMR-VWI and other imaging data of the two groups were compared. Pearson test was used for correlation analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the value of intracranial arterial plaque characteristics measured by HRMR-VWI on ACI was analyzed.Results:The proportion and index of positive vascular remodeling in the ACI group were higher than those in the TIA group: 73.68% (28/38) vs. 48.48% (16/33), 1.03 ± 0.15 vs. 0.94 ± 0.12, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). At the narrowest level, the vascular area and tube wall area in ACI group were higher than those in TIA group:(13.47 ± 4.36) mm 2 vs. (9.34 ± 3.41) mm 2, (10.76 ± 4.86) mm 2 vs. (7.32 ± 3.45) mm 2; the plaque area and plaque load in ACI group were higher than those in TIA group: (5.34 ± 2.56) mm 2 vs. (3.97 ± 1.67) mm 2, 0.53 ± 0.14 vs. 0.39 ± 0.16, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). A total of 102 plaques were observed in the ACI group, including 68 plaques on the side of responsible lesion and 34 plaques on the side of non-responsible lesion. The rate of type Ⅱ tube wall thickening, high plaque T 1 signal rate, grade 2 plaque enhancement rate and severe lumen stenosis rate on the responsible lesion side were higher than those on the non-responsible lesion side : 41.18% (28/68) vs. 8.82% (3/34), 29.41% (20/68) vs. 8.82% (3/34), 29.41% (20/68) vs. 8.82% (3) /34), 23.53% (16/68) vs. 14.71% (5/34), there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The results of Pearson test showed that the remodeling index was positively correlated with plaque load, plaque area, plaque strengthening degree and lumen stenosis degree ( r = 0.467, 0.322, 0.516, 0.346, P<0.05). ROC curve analysis results showed that remodeling index, plaque load, plaque area, lumen area of the narrowest layer and tube wall area could all be used for the diagnosis of ACI. The area under the curve of the narrowest layer was 0.886, 95% CI 0.804 - 0.939, the sensitivity was 77.13%, and the specificity was 87.78%. Conclusions:The occurrence of ACI is related to the remodeling index of intracranial arteries, plaque load, plaque area, lumen and wall area at the narrowest level. The measurement of these indicators based on HRMR-VWI technique is helpful to the assessment of the risk of ACI occurrence.

Objective:To observe the characteristics of intracranial arterial plaque in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) by high-resolution magnetic resonance vascular wall imaging(HRMR-VWI), and to explore the significance of HRMR-VWI in the evaluation of acute cerebral infarction.Methods:A total of 71 patients with ischemic stroke (IS) admitted to Huzhou Central Hospital from June 2022 to February 2024 were retrospectively selected as the study objects, including 38 patients with ACI (ACI group) and 33 patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA group). Clinical data, HRMR-VWI and other imaging data of the two groups were compared. Pearson test was used for correlation analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the value of intracranial arterial plaque characteristics measured by HRMR-VWI on ACI was analyzed.Results:The proportion and index of positive vascular remodeling in the ACI group were higher than those in the TIA group: 73.68% (28/38) vs. 48.48% (16/33), 1.03 ± 0.15 vs. 0.94 ± 0.12, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). At the narrowest level, the vascular area and tube wall area in ACI group were higher than those in TIA group:(13.47 ± 4.36) mm 2 vs. (9.34 ± 3.41) mm 2, (10.76 ± 4.86) mm 2 vs. (7.32 ± 3.45) mm 2; the plaque area and plaque load in ACI group were higher than those in TIA group: (5.34 ± 2.56) mm 2 vs. (3.97 ± 1.67) mm 2, 0.53 ± 0.14 vs. 0.39 ± 0.16, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). A total of 102 plaques were observed in the ACI group, including 68 plaques on the side of responsible lesion and 34 plaques on the side of non-responsible lesion. The rate of type Ⅱ tube wall thickening, high plaque T 1 signal rate, grade 2 plaque enhancement rate and severe lumen stenosis rate on the responsible lesion side were higher than those on the non-responsible lesion side : 41.18% (28/68) vs. 8.82% (3/34), 29.41% (20/68) vs. 8.82% (3/34), 29.41% (20/68) vs. 8.82% (3) /34), 23.53% (16/68) vs. 14.71% (5/34), there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The results of Pearson test showed that the remodeling index was positively correlated with plaque load, plaque area, plaque strengthening degree and lumen stenosis degree ( r = 0.467, 0.322, 0.516, 0.346, P<0.05). ROC curve analysis results showed that remodeling index, plaque load, plaque area, lumen area of the narrowest layer and tube wall area could all be used for the diagnosis of ACI. The area under the curve of the narrowest layer was 0.886, 95% CI 0.804 - 0.939, the sensitivity was 77.13%, and the specificity was 87.78%. Conclusions:The occurrence of ACI is related to the remodeling index of intracranial arteries, plaque load, plaque area, lumen and wall area at the narrowest level. The measurement of these indicators based on HRMR-VWI technique is helpful to the assessment of the risk of ACI occurrence.