Objective:To evaluate the protection performance of military transport aircraft oxygen system for aircrew and provide the physiological tests basis for product design finalization.Methods:Four dummies and 4 healthy volunteers who were equipped with individual protection equipment and military transport aircraft oxygen system completed 4 tests in altitude chamber including the oxygen supply performance physical test of oxygen system, the rapid decompression physical test of oxygen system, the physiological tests of oxygen continuously supplying for 6 h and oxygen supply performance test in rapid decompression at 12.0 km. Oxygen concentration, respiratory resistance, safety pressure, peak value, peak duration and steady pressure of mask under rapid decompression were tested. Electrocardiograph and oxygen saturation of volunteers were monitored.Results:The oxygen partial pressure provided by military transport aircraft oxygen system under 12.0 km was ≥19.1 kPa corresponding to the respiration ventilation volume of 20 L/min of dummy. The expiratory resistance was no higher than 441.3 Pa and the inspiration resistance was no higher than 490.3 Pa before the safety pressure connected. The peak pressure value in rapid decompression with 1.0 L lung volume of dummy was no higher than 5.8 kPa. The oxygen partial pressure provided by military transport aircraft oxygen system for volunteers was over 21.9 kPa in the 6 h cruising flight. All 4 volunteers successfully completed the rapid decompression physiological tests at 12.0 km with good subjective and objective responses.Conclusions:The protection performance of military transport aircraft oxygen system for aircrew can provide enough protection against the hypoxia up to 12.0 km

Objective:To evaluate the protection performance of military transport aircraft oxygen system for aircrew and provide the physiological tests basis for product design finalization.Methods:Four dummies and 4 healthy volunteers who were equipped with individual protection equipment and military transport aircraft oxygen system completed 4 tests in altitude chamber including the oxygen supply performance physical test of oxygen system, the rapid decompression physical test of oxygen system, the physiological tests of oxygen continuously supplying for 6 h and oxygen supply performance test in rapid decompression at 12.0 km. Oxygen concentration, respiratory resistance, safety pressure, peak value, peak duration and steady pressure of mask under rapid decompression were tested. Electrocardiograph and oxygen saturation of volunteers were monitored.Results:The oxygen partial pressure provided by military transport aircraft oxygen system under 12.0 km was ≥19.1 kPa corresponding to the respiration ventilation volume of 20 L/min of dummy. The expiratory resistance was no higher than 441.3 Pa and the inspiration resistance was no higher than 490.3 Pa before the safety pressure connected. The peak pressure value in rapid decompression with 1.0 L lung volume of dummy was no higher than 5.8 kPa. The oxygen partial pressure provided by military transport aircraft oxygen system for volunteers was over 21.9 kPa in the 6 h cruising flight. All 4 volunteers successfully completed the rapid decompression physiological tests at 12.0 km with good subjective and objective responses.Conclusions:The protection performance of military transport aircraft oxygen system for aircrew can provide enough protection against the hypoxia up to 12.0 km

Objective To investigate the variation of visual acuity (VA) and reaction time at different contrast levels under dark environment in military helicopter flight cadets.Methods Fortytwo military helicopter flight cadets (84 eyes) with normal VA were enrolled.LogMAR VA and reaction time were measured at 4 contrast levels (100％,25％,10％,and 5％) under dark environment by multi-functional visual acuity tester (MFVA-100).ANOVA,paired-simples t-test,and linear regression analysis were used by SPSS 16.0 to analyze the data.Results LogMAR average VA of right eye at 100％,25 ％,10 ％,and 5 ％ contrast levels was 0.007± 0.141,0.256 ± 0.162,0.453±0.182 and 0.711 ±0.232 respectively.LogMAR average VA of left eye at 100％,25％,10％,and 5％ contrast levels was-0.017±0.137,0.266±0.144,0.434±0.145 and 0.697±0.176 respectively.VA decreased gradually with the decrease of contrast level.VA was no statistically significance between right and left eyes at same contrast level (P＞0.05).VA at 100％ contrast showed positive linear correlation to the visual acuity at 25％,10％,5％ contrasts respectively (r =0.432-0.626,P＜ 0.05).Reaction time slightly increased with the decrease of contrast level.Reaction time was no statistically significance between right and left eye at 100％ and 25％ contrast levels (P＞0.05),but the reaction time of right eye was longer than that of left eye at 10％ and 5％ contrast levels (t =2.355,2.055,P＜0.05).Conclusions The study result objectively indicates the situation of contrast visual acuity and reaction time in military helicopter flight cadets and would provide reference to the assessment of visual function in the selection of aviation cadets and the examination of pilots.

Objective To investigate the variation of visual acuity (VA) and reaction time at different contrast levels under dark environment in military helicopter flight cadets.Methods Fortytwo military helicopter flight cadets (84 eyes) with normal VA were enrolled.LogMAR VA and reaction time were measured at 4 contrast levels (100％,25％,10％,and 5％) under dark environment by multi-functional visual acuity tester (MFVA-100).ANOVA,paired-simples t-test,and linear regression analysis were used by SPSS 16.0 to analyze the data.Results LogMAR average VA of right eye at 100％,25 ％,10 ％,and 5 ％ contrast levels was 0.007± 0.141,0.256 ± 0.162,0.453±0.182 and 0.711 ±0.232 respectively.LogMAR average VA of left eye at 100％,25％,10％,and 5％ contrast levels was-0.017±0.137,0.266±0.144,0.434±0.145 and 0.697±0.176 respectively.VA decreased gradually with the decrease of contrast level.VA was no statistically significance between right and left eyes at same contrast level (P＞0.05).VA at 100％ contrast showed positive linear correlation to the visual acuity at 25％,10％,5％ contrasts respectively (r =0.432-0.626,P＜ 0.05).Reaction time slightly increased with the decrease of contrast level.Reaction time was no statistically significance between right and left eye at 100％ and 25％ contrast levels (P＞0.05),but the reaction time of right eye was longer than that of left eye at 10％ and 5％ contrast levels (t =2.355,2.055,P＜0.05).Conclusions The study result objectively indicates the situation of contrast visual acuity and reaction time in military helicopter flight cadets and would provide reference to the assessment of visual function in the selection of aviation cadets and the examination of pilots.

Objective To develop a special ambulance for airfield rescue of pilots in danger or offering medical care for pilots in flight.Of course the ambulance can also be used to rescue the wounded daily or in the war.Methods The ambulance owned a cross-country motorcar chassis and bearing carriage.A luffing extension-jib was installed on top of the carriage with a telescopic nacelle.The medical carriage owned a generator,air-conditioner,launder & antisepsis facilities,telescopic medical table,Air Force medical facilities for first aid and so on.It could simultaneously treat 2 injured pilots in lying position.Oxygen outputs were equipped to sustain Persons in carriage.Result The maximal speed of the ambulance was 95 km/h.The time of simulated rescue was about 3 minutes in the maxium height.Conclusion Without new staff established,the ambulance can adapt to any road and is suitable to war field.It can arrive at the location of flight accident quickly and rescue the pilot rapidly.It meets the needs of medical support in flight,war-time medical care in airport and mobile accompanying support.

Objective To develop a new ambulance aid on airport rescue of pilot and solve the difficult problems on medical staff, which carry the wounded from high aircraft cabin to the ground. Methods The device owned QG 0.85 trailer chassis. On the basis of it, self-made manual flexible extension-jib, flexible extension ladders and safety board were designed. The safety board was used to fix wounded pilots to protect secondary injury of backbone and C-spine. Results The maximal speed of equipment was 80km/h and spreading time is 3～7min, operating time is 4min and lifting height is 6 000mm. Conclusion The ambulance aid can be used in the location of flight accident quickly and rescued the pilots rapidly, adapted to any type fighters and met the needs of medical support in flight.