navirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the patients younger than 18 years old infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant, and to provide a basis for determining the chest CT changes and efficacy of COVID-19 caused by Omicron virus variant in patients younger than 18 years old. Methods　The clinical and imaging data of 30 cases of patients younger than 18 years old infected with COVID-19 Omicron variant, who admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen from February 11 to March 26, 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The clinical manifestations, imaging features and dynamic changes of lesions were summarized. Results A total of 41 intrapulmonary lesions in 30 patients with COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. The main manifestations were patchy or nodular ground-glass opacities and/or consolidation, with focal subpleural distribution, lesions mainly occur in the right lung (70.73%, 29/41). There were 42 lesion morphologies, with 22 (52.38%) striped shadows and 16 (38.10%) nodular shadows, with small lamellar and patchy shadows predominating. There were 36 lesion density variations, with ground glass shadows being the most common, with a total of 24 ground glass shadows (66.66%) in each lobe of the lung, and also 6 consolidation lesions (16.67%) and 6 mixed ground glass opacity and consolidation lesions (16.67%). With the progression of the disease, lesions gradually enlarged, appeared on the 2nd day (312.93 mm3), peaked on the 9th day (1 837.18 mm3). The average absorption time of the lesions was (16±3) days, and there was no significant difference between the absorption time of patchy and nodular lesions (ground glass and/or consolidation) (t=0.853, P>0.05). The lesions showed focal ground-glass opacity in the early stage, 77.78% lesions were absorbed after treatment in the late stage. Inflammatory nodules were absorbed slowly (9-19 days), without residual fibrotic changes. Conclusions　The imaging manifestations of COVID-19 in patients younger than 18 years old infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant have certain characteristics, showed patchy or nodular ground glass opacities and/or consolidation, mainly distributed in the subpleural area, with small and few lesions and slow change, didn't remain fibrosis. Being familiar with its clinical and imaging manifestations can assist in early diagnosis, but confirming the diagnosis requires a combination of epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid and radiological manifestations.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of hydronidone on CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis in rats and explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: Sixty-six male SD rats were randomized into 5 groups, including a control group (n=10), a liver fibrosis model group (n=20), 2 hydronidone dose groups (100 and 250 mg/kg; n=12), and a pirfenidone (250 mg/kg) treatment group (n= 12). Rat models of liver fibrosis were established by subcutaneous injection of CCl₄ in all but the control group. Hydronidone and pirfenidone were given daily at the indicated doses by intragastric administration for 6 weeks. After the treatments, serum samples were collected from the rats for detecting liver function parameters, and hydroxyproline content in the liver tissue was determined. Inflammation and fibrosis in the liver tissue were observed using HE staining and Sirius Red staining. In the cell experiment, human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 was stimulated with TGF-β1 and treated with hydronidone or pirfenidone, and the expression levels of α-SMA, collagen type I and phosphorylated Smad3, phosphorylated p38, phosphorylated ERK1/2 and phosphorylated Akt were detected with Western blotting. RESULTS: In the rat models of liver fibrosis, treatment with hydronidone obviously improved the liver functions, reduced the content of hydroxyproline in the liver tissue, and significantly alleviated liver fibrosis (P < 0.05). In LX-2 cells, hydronidone dose-dependently decreased the expression levels of α-SMA and collagen type I. In TGF- β1-stimulated cells, the phosphorylation levels of Smad3, P38, ERK, and Akt increased progressively with the extension of the treatment time, but this effect was significantly attenuated by treatment with hydronidone (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Hydronidone can inhibit the phosphorylation of the proteins in the TGF-β signaling pathway, thereby preventing TGF-β1-mediated activation of hepatic stellate cells, which may be a possible mechanism by which hydronidone alleviates CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis in rats.
Animals ; Male ; Rats ; Carbon Tetrachloride/metabolism* ; Collagen Type I ; Hepatic Stellate Cells/pathology* ; Hydroxyproline/therapeutic use* ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Smad Proteins/metabolism* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism*

Objective To investigate the oral health status and awareness of urban children in Lhasa,aiming to provide a data basis for the prevention and treatment of children's caries and the promotion of oral health education. Methods A total of 504 Tibetan students were selected by cluster sampling from 2 primary schools in Chengguan District of Lhasa.All the participants were required to take oral health examination and complete a questionnaire about oral health awareness and behavior. Results The caries prevalence rate and mean decayed-missing-filled tooth(DMFT)of permanent teeth were 75.00% and 2.18±1.91,respectively.The rates of pit and fissure sealant and filling of permanent teeth were 3.77% and 6.81%,respectively.The caries prevalence rate of first permanent molars was 47.62%.The mean DMFT of permanent teeth and caries prevalence rate of first permanent molar were significantly higher in female group(
Child ; DMF Index ; Dental Caries/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Oral Hygiene ; Prevalence ; Schools ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of cervical curvature and range of motion (ROM) on imaging at 6 months after Hybrid surgery. METHODS: A total of 29 patients with cervical degenerative disease who underwent Hybrid surgery from January 2017 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Also, they all met the inclusion criteria and had complete preoperative and 6 months postoperative imaging data. There were 11 males and 18 females, aged from 34 to 76 (55.86±10.69) years, and the operation time was from 2 to 4(3.03±0.51) hours. The Cobb angle method was used to measure the changes of cervical curvature and ROM of C RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in C CONCLUSION Hybrid surgery reconstructs the lordotic curvature of the entire cervical spine and the responsible segment, retains the ROM of the cervical replacement segment, and restores the biomechanical function of cervical spine.
Cervical Vertebrae/surgery* ; Diskectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion

Adenoidectomy ; Adenoids ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Microbiota ; Palatine Tonsil ; Tonsillectomy

Background::Various experimental and clinical studies have reported on coronary microcirculatory dysfunction ( "no-reflow" phenomenon). Nevertheless, pathogenesis and effective treatment are yet to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to measure the intracoronary pressure gradient in the no-reflow artery during emergent percutaneous coronary intervention and explore the potential mechanism of no-reflow.Methods::From September 1st, 2018 to June 30th, 2019, intracoronary pressure in acute myocardial infarction patient was continuously measured by aspiration catheter from distal to proximal segment in the Department of Coronary Care Unit, Tianjin Chest Hospital, respectively in no-reflow arteries (no-reflow group) and arteries with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction-3 flow (control group). At least 12 cardiac cycles were consecutively recorded when the catheter was pulled back. The forward systolic pressure gradient was calculated as proximal systolic pressure minus distal systolic pressure. Comparison between groups was made using the Student t test, Mann-Whitney U-test or Chi-square test, as appropriate. Results::Intracoronary pressure in 33 no-reflow group and 26 in control group were measured. The intracoronary forward systolic pressure gradient was －1.3 (－4.8, 0.7) and 3.8 (0.8, 8.8) mmHg in no-reflow group and control group ( Z = －3.989, P < 0.001), respectively, while the forward diastolic pressure gradient was －1.0 (－3.2, 0) and 4.6 (0, 16.5) mmHg in respective groups ( Z = －3.851, P < 0.001). Moreover, the intracoronary forward pressure gradient showed significant difference between that before and after nicorandil medication ( Z=－3.668, P < 0.001 in systolic pressure gradient and Z =－3.530, P < 0.001 in diastolic pressure gradient). Conclusions::No reflow during emergent coronary revascularization is significantly associated with local hemodynamic abnormalities in the coronary arteries. Intracoronary nicorandil administration at the distal segment of a coronary artery with an aspiration catheter could improve the microcirculatory dysfunction and resume normal coronary pressure gradient.Clinical trial registration::www.ClinicalTrials.gov (No. NCT 03600259).

Objective:To study the effect of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwutang on receptor of advanced glycation end products(AGEs)/advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE)/nuclear transcription factor-kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65) signaling pathway in the diabetic peripheral neuropathy rats through an animal modeling experiment, and discuss the mechanism of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwutang in alleviating diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Method:Rat model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy was established by high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin (STZ). After successful modeling, Huangqi Guizhi Wuwutang intervention began in the fifth week. The patients in high-dose group (19.40 g∙kg^-1∙d^-1), middle-dose group (4.85 g∙kg^-1∙d^-1) and low-dose group (2.43 g∙kg^-1∙d^-1) were given by gavage continuously for 12 weeks. The western medicine control group was given 25 mg∙kg^-1∙d^-1 by gavage. After the experiment, serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to detect RAGE and NF-κB p65 mRNA expressions in sciatic nerve tissue. The expressions of RAGE, NF-κB and phosphorylation(p)-NF-κB p65 proteins in sciatic nerve tissues were detected by Western blot (WB). Result:Compared with the normal group, serum IL-1β and TNF-α protein levels, RAGE mRNA and NF-κB p65 mRNA levels, RAGE protein, NF-κB p65 protein and p-NF-κB p65 protein levels were significantly increased in the model group (P<0.01), the ratio of p-NF-κB p65 to NF-κB p65 was increased, and the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 was enhanced (P<0.01). After the intervention of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwutang, compared with the model group, serum IL-1β and TNF-α protein levels, RAGE and NF-κB p65 mRNA levels, RAGE protein, NF-κB p65 protein and p-NF-κB p65 protein levels were all decreased (P<0.01), the ratio of p-NF-κB p65 to NF-κB p65 was decreased in high-dose group (P<0.01). The effect was obvious with the increase of dose of astragalus cassia twig. Conclusion:Huangqi Guizhi Wuwutang can alleviate diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and its mechanism may be related to blocking the expression of RAGE on tissue cell surface in AGEs/RAGE/NF-κB signaling pathway, inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and inducing TNF-α triggered oxidative stress and excessive inflammatory response, so as to avoid cell damage and dysfunction.