Objective:To develop a method of employing flow cytometry to directly detect the γ-H2AX expression levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice through fixation and lysis and to evaluate the feasibility of applying this method to research on the radiation-related biological effects and the efficacy evaluation of radioprotective drugs.Methods:A total of 41 male C57BL/6J mice were used. First, 21 mice were randomly divided into 7 groups according to different radiation doses (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 Gy) with 3 mice in each group. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein of mice at 1, 4, 8, and 24 h after irradiation and immediately fixed with formaldehyde. Red blood cells (RBC) were lysed with Triton X-100, and γ-H2AX was labeled with specific antibodies. DRAQ5 dye was used to further exclude debris and anucleate cells. The mean fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX in lymphocyte populations was directly analyzed by flow cytometry through forward and side scatter, and dose-effect curves after irradiation were established. Then, the other 20 mice were divided into radiation alone groups and radiation combined with WR-2721 administration groups at 4 and 6 Gy, respectively, with 5 mice in each group. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein of mice at 1, 4, 8, and 24 h after irradiation to detect the average fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX in lymphocytes, which was used to evaluate the degree of DNA damage in mice and the therapeutic effect of WR-2721.Results:The expression of γ-H2AX in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice significantly increased with the increase of radiation doses, and reached a peak at 1-2 h and then decreased. The dose-effect relationship was significant ( R2 = 0.9914). At 24 h after 4 and 6 Gy irradiation, compared with the radiation alone groups, the average fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX in the radiation combined with WR-2721 administration groups was lower (144.8 ± 8.0 and 109.5 ± 9.7, vs. 178.0 ± 18.5 and 136.6 ± 5.4), with statistically significant difference ( t = 3.78, 5.48, P < 0.05). The average fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX at 24 h after irradiation was consistent with the lowest values of the three blood cell lines at 7 or 14 d after irradiation. Conclusions:The application of flow cytometry with a fixation/dissolution protocol to directly detect the mean fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice has significant application value in radiation biology effect research, radiation protection drug screening, and efficacy evaluation.

BACKGROUND: At present, biopsy is essential for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) before radical prostatectomy (RP). However, with the development of prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), it might be feasible to avoid biopsy before RP. Herein, we aimed to explore the feasibility of avoiding biopsy before RP in patients highly suspected of having PCa after assessment of PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI. METHODS: Between December 2017 and April 2022, 56 patients with maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of ≥4 and Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) ≥4 lesions who received RP without preoperative biopsy were enrolled from two tertiary hospitals. The consistency between clinical and pathological diagnoses was evaluated. Preoperative characteristics were compared among patients with different pathological types, T stages, International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grades, and European Association of Urology (EAU) risk groups. RESULTS: Fifty-five (98%) patients were confirmed with PCa by pathology, including 49 (89%) with clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa, defined as ISUP grade ≥2 malignancy). One patient was diagnosed with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). CsPCa patients, compared with clinically insignificant prostate cancer (cisPCa) and HGPIN patients, were associated with a higher level of prostate-specific antigen (22.9 ng/mL vs . 10.0 ng/mL, P = 0.032), a lower median prostate volume (32.2 mL vs . 65.0 mL, P = 0.001), and a higher median SUVmax (13.3 vs . 5.6, P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS It might be feasible to avoid biopsy before RP for patients with a high probability of PCa based on PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI. However, the diagnostic efficacy of csPCa with PI-RADS ≥4 and SUVmax of ≥4 is inadequate for performing a procedure such as RP. Further prospective multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm our perspectives and establish predictive models with PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatectomy/methods* ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods* ; Biopsy ; Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prostate-Specific Antigen/metabolism*

The neurophysiological mechanisms by which exercise improves cognitive function have not been fully elucidated. A comprehensive and systematic review of current domestic and international neurophysiological evidence on exercise improving cognitive function was conducted from multiple perspectives. At the molecular level, exercise promotes nerve cell regeneration and synaptogenesis and maintains cellular development and homeostasis through the modulation of a variety of neurotrophic factors, receptor activity, neuropeptides, and monoamine neurotransmitters, and by decreasing the levels of inflammatory factors and other modulators of neuroplasticity. At the cellular level, exercise enhances neural activation and control and improves brain structure through nerve regeneration, synaptogenesis, improved glial cell function and angiogenesis. At the structural level of the brain, exercise promotes cognitive function by affecting white and gray matter volumes, neural activation and brain region connectivity, as well as increasing cerebral blood flow. This review elucidates how exercise improves the internal environment at the molecular level, promotes cell regeneration and functional differentiation, and enhances the brain structure and neural efficiency. It provides a comprehensive, multi-dimensional explanation of the neurophysiological mechanisms through which exercise promotes cognitive function.
Animals ; Humans ; Brain/physiology* ; Cognition/physiology* ; Exercise/physiology* ; Nerve Regeneration/physiology* ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology*

Objective:To explore the quantitative indexes of dual energy spectrum CT and related clinical data to establish a predictive model for predicting pneumoconiosis.Methods:In April 2024, the information of 203 pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed by the occupational disease appraisal expert group in the Third People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Occupational Disease Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region) from January 2022 to December 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. Another 207 non-pneumoconiosis patients with dust exposure history were selected as control group. The measurement data between the two groups were compared using T test or Wilcoxon in dependent quality test, count date asing chi-square or Fishers test, the energy spectrum related indicators and clinical indicators of the patients were compared between groups, and potential factors for diagnosis of pneumoconiosis were screened through univariate analysis, and independent risk factors were further determined by multivariate logistic regression. Based on the results of regression analysis, the machine learning model was constructed, and the reciver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the efficiency of the model, and the Area under cruve (AUC) value, sensitivity and specificity were calculated.Results:Smoking, lung tissue mass, silicon dioxide (SiO 2) equivalent total mass and SiO 2 equivalent concentration were the risk factors for pneumoconiosis ( P<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, lung tissue mass, total lung SiO 2 equivalent total volume and total lung SiO 2 equivalent total mass were independent predicators of the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis ( OR=0.53, 0.99, 1.13, 0.85, P<0.05) . Logistic regression machine learning was used to establish a predictive model, and the training set AUC was 0.74, and the verification set AUC was 0.72, indicating that the model had good accuracy and certain ability to diagnose pneumoconiosis. Conclusion:The machine learning prediction model established by the quantitative analysis index of dual energy spectrum CT and clinical related indexes has a good diagnostic performance for the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.

Objective:To explore the quantitative indexes of dual energy spectrum CT and related clinical data to establish a predictive model for predicting pneumoconiosis.Methods:In April 2024, the information of 203 pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed by the occupational disease appraisal expert group in the Third People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Occupational Disease Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region) from January 2022 to December 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. Another 207 non-pneumoconiosis patients with dust exposure history were selected as control group. The measurement data between the two groups were compared using T test or Wilcoxon in dependent quality test, count date asing chi-square or Fishers test, the energy spectrum related indicators and clinical indicators of the patients were compared between groups, and potential factors for diagnosis of pneumoconiosis were screened through univariate analysis, and independent risk factors were further determined by multivariate logistic regression. Based on the results of regression analysis, the machine learning model was constructed, and the reciver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the efficiency of the model, and the Area under cruve (AUC) value, sensitivity and specificity were calculated.Results:Smoking, lung tissue mass, silicon dioxide (SiO 2) equivalent total mass and SiO 2 equivalent concentration were the risk factors for pneumoconiosis ( P<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, lung tissue mass, total lung SiO 2 equivalent total volume and total lung SiO 2 equivalent total mass were independent predicators of the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis ( OR=0.53, 0.99, 1.13, 0.85, P<0.05) . Logistic regression machine learning was used to establish a predictive model, and the training set AUC was 0.74, and the verification set AUC was 0.72, indicating that the model had good accuracy and certain ability to diagnose pneumoconiosis. Conclusion:The machine learning prediction model established by the quantitative analysis index of dual energy spectrum CT and clinical related indexes has a good diagnostic performance for the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.

Objective:To investigate the effects of brief mindfulness-based stress reduction(MBSR)on preoperative anxiety in pa-tients undergoing painless gastrointestinal endoscopy.Methods:We enrolled 100 patients scheduled to undergo elective painless gas-trointestinal endoscopy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from September 2024 to April 2025.The inclusion cri-teria were:age,18-60 years;body mass index,18.0-28.0 kg/m2;American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status,class Ⅰ orⅡ;and no gender restriction.The patients were assigned to experimental group(n=50)or control group(n=50)using a random num-ber table.A dedicated nursing team implemented the brief MBSR protocol.At 30 minutes before endoscopy,both groups underwent anxiety assessment using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale(APAIS).All the patients received routine preop-erative education.Guided by the nurses,the experimental group received the brief MBSR intervention consisting of mindful body scan-ning,mindful breathing,and mindful music listening,for 12 minutes each at 30 and 15 minutes before the procedure.We recorded the APAIS score,bispectral index(BIS),heart rate(HR),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),and mean arterial pressure(MAP)at 30 minutes before the procedure(T0),after brief MBSR(T1),and immediately before anesthesia induction(T2);the length of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit(PACU)and postoperative adverse reactions;and the APAIS score and degree of sat-isfaction of patients at discharge from the PACU(T3).Results:Com-(all P<0.05).However,no significant differences were observed be-pared with the control group,the experimental group exhibited sig-nificantly lower APAIS scores,significantly reduced BIS values,and significantly lower HR values at T1 and T2 and a significantly lower APAIS score and a significantly higher degree of satisfaction at T3 tween the groups in SBP,DBP,MAP,postoperative adverse events,or PACU length of stay at any time point(all P>0.05).Conclusion:Brief MBSR is an effective non-pharmacological intervention to cope with perioperative negative emotions in patients undergoing pain-less gastrointestinal endoscopy,which can alleviate preoperative anxiety,reduce electroencephalographic arousal,and improve patient satisfaction.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To develop a method of employing flow cytometry to directly detect the γ-H2AX expression levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice through fixation and lysis and to evaluate the feasibility of applying this method to research on the radiation-related biological effects and the efficacy evaluation of radioprotective drugs.Methods:A total of 41 male C57BL/6J mice were used. First, 21 mice were randomly divided into 7 groups according to different radiation doses (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 Gy) with 3 mice in each group. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein of mice at 1, 4, 8, and 24 h after irradiation and immediately fixed with formaldehyde. Red blood cells (RBC) were lysed with Triton X-100, and γ-H2AX was labeled with specific antibodies. DRAQ5 dye was used to further exclude debris and anucleate cells. The mean fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX in lymphocyte populations was directly analyzed by flow cytometry through forward and side scatter, and dose-effect curves after irradiation were established. Then, the other 20 mice were divided into radiation alone groups and radiation combined with WR-2721 administration groups at 4 and 6 Gy, respectively, with 5 mice in each group. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein of mice at 1, 4, 8, and 24 h after irradiation to detect the average fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX in lymphocytes, which was used to evaluate the degree of DNA damage in mice and the therapeutic effect of WR-2721.Results:The expression of γ-H2AX in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice significantly increased with the increase of radiation doses, and reached a peak at 1-2 h and then decreased. The dose-effect relationship was significant ( R2 = 0.9914). At 24 h after 4 and 6 Gy irradiation, compared with the radiation alone groups, the average fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX in the radiation combined with WR-2721 administration groups was lower (144.8 ± 8.0 and 109.5 ± 9.7, vs. 178.0 ± 18.5 and 136.6 ± 5.4), with statistically significant difference ( t = 3.78, 5.48, P < 0.05). The average fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX at 24 h after irradiation was consistent with the lowest values of the three blood cell lines at 7 or 14 d after irradiation. Conclusions:The application of flow cytometry with a fixation/dissolution protocol to directly detect the mean fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice has significant application value in radiation biology effect research, radiation protection drug screening, and efficacy evaluation.

Objective:To explore the clinical application value of a combined model based on the radiomics features of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and MRI signs in predicting recurrence after radical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data of 100 patients with radical resection for HCC who admitted to Zibo 148 Hospital from May 2016 to May 2020.All patients underwent abdominal enhanced MRI examination before surgery,and they were followed up for at least 2 years after the surgery.They were randomly divided into training group(70 cases)and verification group(30 cases)as a ratio of 7:3.According to the postoperative follow-up results,the training group existed 12 cases of recurrence and 58 cases without recurrence,and the verification group existed 5 cases of recurrence and 25 cases without recurrence.The 3D-slicer software was used to extract radiomics features of preoperative MRI images of each HCC patient.The intra-group correlation coefficient(ICC)of the extracted imaging features of the observers was calculated.The maximum related minimum redundancy(mRMR)algorithm and LASSO regression were selected to analyze the established radiomics labels after dimensionality reduction and screening.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to screen the independent risk factors of predicting recurrence in MRI signs,and they were used respectively to construct radiomics models with the radiomics labels of plain scan,arterial phase,portal phase and hepatobiliary phase.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to assess the diagnostic efficacy of each radiomics model in predicting recurrence.Results:The ICC range of two physicians in selecting radiomics features from the MRI images of all patients were between 0.903 and 0.957,which consistency was favorable(ICC≥0.9).Compared with other predictive models,the highest area under curve(AUC)values of ROC curve of the radiomics model of plain scan of training group[0.951(95%CI:0.901-1.000)]and verification group[0.968(95%CI:0.917-1.000)]were respectively 0.951 and 0.968 in predicting recurrence after radical resection for liver cancer.Conclusion:The combined model that is constructed on the basis of MRI radiomics features has favorable predictive value for the recurrence of patients after radical resection for HCC.Among of them,the radiomics model of plain scan has a certain guiding role in the clinical implementation of personalized treatment plans under the absence of enhancement,and in underdeveloped areas.

Objective:To explore the clinical application value of a combined model based on the radiomics features of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and MRI signs in predicting recurrence after radical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data of 100 patients with radical resection for HCC who admitted to Zibo 148 Hospital from May 2016 to May 2020.All patients underwent abdominal enhanced MRI examination before surgery,and they were followed up for at least 2 years after the surgery.They were randomly divided into training group(70 cases)and verification group(30 cases)as a ratio of 7:3.According to the postoperative follow-up results,the training group existed 12 cases of recurrence and 58 cases without recurrence,and the verification group existed 5 cases of recurrence and 25 cases without recurrence.The 3D-slicer software was used to extract radiomics features of preoperative MRI images of each HCC patient.The intra-group correlation coefficient(ICC)of the extracted imaging features of the observers was calculated.The maximum related minimum redundancy(mRMR)algorithm and LASSO regression were selected to analyze the established radiomics labels after dimensionality reduction and screening.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to screen the independent risk factors of predicting recurrence in MRI signs,and they were used respectively to construct radiomics models with the radiomics labels of plain scan,arterial phase,portal phase and hepatobiliary phase.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to assess the diagnostic efficacy of each radiomics model in predicting recurrence.Results:The ICC range of two physicians in selecting radiomics features from the MRI images of all patients were between 0.903 and 0.957,which consistency was favorable(ICC≥0.9).Compared with other predictive models,the highest area under curve(AUC)values of ROC curve of the radiomics model of plain scan of training group[0.951(95%CI:0.901-1.000)]and verification group[0.968(95%CI:0.917-1.000)]were respectively 0.951 and 0.968 in predicting recurrence after radical resection for liver cancer.Conclusion:The combined model that is constructed on the basis of MRI radiomics features has favorable predictive value for the recurrence of patients after radical resection for HCC.Among of them,the radiomics model of plain scan has a certain guiding role in the clinical implementation of personalized treatment plans under the absence of enhancement,and in underdeveloped areas.