Purpose: The association between the healing of an injured anterolateral ligament (ALL) and residual pivot-shift following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions is rarely reported. This study analyzed the relationship between unhealed ALL and residual pivot-shift after an ACL reconstruction. Materials and Methods: The inclusion criteria were patients who underwent autologous hamstring ACL reconstructions within 6 weeks after injury from January 2008 to March 2021. Preoperative ALL injuries and postoperative ALL healing were graded according to the magnetic resonance imaging classification, with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging performed 7.8 months after surgery on average. The patients were categorized based on postoperative ALL healing, and the clinical scores (Lysholm score and Tegner activity scale) and knee stability (Lachman test and pivot-shift test) were assessed at the 1-year postoperative follow-up. Results: One hundred and forty-five patients were enrolled in this study. One hundred and twenty-eight (88.3%) patients had a concomitant ALL injury. Among 86 patients with preoperative grade B, 16 (18.6%) patients showed grade 1 (good), and 70 (81.4%) showed grade 2 (partial) ALL postoperatively. Among the 42 patients with preoperative grade C (complete tear), 1 (2.4%) patient showed grade 1 (good), 21 (50.0%) showed grade 2 (partial), and 20 (47.6%) showed grade 3 (non-visualized) ALL. Preoperative grade C was significantly associated with a higher incidence of grade 3 (non-visualized) postoperatively than the other groups (p<0.001). Postoperatively, the Lachman test, KT-1000 (MEDmetric Corp.) arthrometer (side-to-side difference), Lysholm score, and Tegner activity scales did not show a significant difference among the intact, grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 ALL groups. The pivot-shift test showed a significant difference between the ALL grades (p=0.001). Grade 3 ALL group showed a higher incidence of pivot-shift than the intact, grade 1, and grade 2 ALL groups. Conclusion Patients with preoperative grade C had a higher rate of grade 3 postoperatively compared to the other groups. In addition, the grade 3 group had a significantly higher incidence of a pivot-shift. Therefore, in cases of ACL injuries with concomitant complete ALL tears, ALL reconstruction should be considered during ACL reconstruction.

Purpose: The association between the healing of an injured anterolateral ligament (ALL) and residual pivot-shift following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions is rarely reported. This study analyzed the relationship between unhealed ALL and residual pivot-shift after an ACL reconstruction. Materials and Methods: The inclusion criteria were patients who underwent autologous hamstring ACL reconstructions within 6 weeks after injury from January 2008 to March 2021. Preoperative ALL injuries and postoperative ALL healing were graded according to the magnetic resonance imaging classification, with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging performed 7.8 months after surgery on average. The patients were categorized based on postoperative ALL healing, and the clinical scores (Lysholm score and Tegner activity scale) and knee stability (Lachman test and pivot-shift test) were assessed at the 1-year postoperative follow-up. Results: One hundred and forty-five patients were enrolled in this study. One hundred and twenty-eight (88.3%) patients had a concomitant ALL injury. Among 86 patients with preoperative grade B, 16 (18.6%) patients showed grade 1 (good), and 70 (81.4%) showed grade 2 (partial) ALL postoperatively. Among the 42 patients with preoperative grade C (complete tear), 1 (2.4%) patient showed grade 1 (good), 21 (50.0%) showed grade 2 (partial), and 20 (47.6%) showed grade 3 (non-visualized) ALL. Preoperative grade C was significantly associated with a higher incidence of grade 3 (non-visualized) postoperatively than the other groups (p<0.001). Postoperatively, the Lachman test, KT-1000 (MEDmetric Corp.) arthrometer (side-to-side difference), Lysholm score, and Tegner activity scales did not show a significant difference among the intact, grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 ALL groups. The pivot-shift test showed a significant difference between the ALL grades (p=0.001). Grade 3 ALL group showed a higher incidence of pivot-shift than the intact, grade 1, and grade 2 ALL groups. Conclusion Patients with preoperative grade C had a higher rate of grade 3 postoperatively compared to the other groups. In addition, the grade 3 group had a significantly higher incidence of a pivot-shift. Therefore, in cases of ACL injuries with concomitant complete ALL tears, ALL reconstruction should be considered during ACL reconstruction.

Purpose: The association between the healing of an injured anterolateral ligament (ALL) and residual pivot-shift following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions is rarely reported. This study analyzed the relationship between unhealed ALL and residual pivot-shift after an ACL reconstruction. Materials and Methods: The inclusion criteria were patients who underwent autologous hamstring ACL reconstructions within 6 weeks after injury from January 2008 to March 2021. Preoperative ALL injuries and postoperative ALL healing were graded according to the magnetic resonance imaging classification, with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging performed 7.8 months after surgery on average. The patients were categorized based on postoperative ALL healing, and the clinical scores (Lysholm score and Tegner activity scale) and knee stability (Lachman test and pivot-shift test) were assessed at the 1-year postoperative follow-up. Results: One hundred and forty-five patients were enrolled in this study. One hundred and twenty-eight (88.3%) patients had a concomitant ALL injury. Among 86 patients with preoperative grade B, 16 (18.6%) patients showed grade 1 (good), and 70 (81.4%) showed grade 2 (partial) ALL postoperatively. Among the 42 patients with preoperative grade C (complete tear), 1 (2.4%) patient showed grade 1 (good), 21 (50.0%) showed grade 2 (partial), and 20 (47.6%) showed grade 3 (non-visualized) ALL. Preoperative grade C was significantly associated with a higher incidence of grade 3 (non-visualized) postoperatively than the other groups (p<0.001). Postoperatively, the Lachman test, KT-1000 (MEDmetric Corp.) arthrometer (side-to-side difference), Lysholm score, and Tegner activity scales did not show a significant difference among the intact, grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 ALL groups. The pivot-shift test showed a significant difference between the ALL grades (p=0.001). Grade 3 ALL group showed a higher incidence of pivot-shift than the intact, grade 1, and grade 2 ALL groups. Conclusion Patients with preoperative grade C had a higher rate of grade 3 postoperatively compared to the other groups. In addition, the grade 3 group had a significantly higher incidence of a pivot-shift. Therefore, in cases of ACL injuries with concomitant complete ALL tears, ALL reconstruction should be considered during ACL reconstruction.

Purpose: The number of patients presenting with vaccination-related cardiovascular symptoms after receiving mRNA vaccines (mRNA-VRCS) is increasing. We investigated the incidence of vaccine-related adverse events (VAEs), including myocarditis and pericarditis, in patients with mRNA-VRCS after receiving BNT162b2-Pfizer-BioNTech and mRNA-1273-Moderna vaccines. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively collected data on patients presenting with mRNA-VRCS who visited the outpatient clinic of two tertiary medical centers. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, echocardiographic findings, and electrocardiographic findings were evaluated. VAE was defined as myocarditis or pericarditis in patients after mRNA vaccination. Clinical outcomes during short-term follow-up, including emergency room (ER) visit, hospitalization, or death, were also assessed among the patients. Results: A total of 952 patients presenting with mRNA-VRCS were included in this study, with 89.7% receiving Pfizer-BioNTech and 10.3% receiving Moderna vaccines. The mean duration from vaccination to symptom was 5.6±7.5 days. VAEs, including acute myocarditis and acute pericarditis, were confirmed in 11 (1.2%) and 10 (1.1%) patients, respectively. The VAE group showed higher rates of dyspnea, echocardiography changes, and ST-T segment changes. During the short-term follow-up period of 3 months, the VAE group showed a higher hospitalization rate compared to the control group; there was no significant difference in ER visit (p=0.320) or mortality rates (p>0.999). Conclusion Amongst the patients who experienced mRNA-VRCS, the total incidence of VAEs, including acute myocarditis and pericarditis, was 2.2%. Patients with VAEs showed higher rates of dyspnea, echocardiographic changes, and ST-T segment changes compared to those without VAEs. With or without the cardiovascular events, the prognosis in patients with mRNA-VRCS was favorable.

Purpose: The number of patients presenting with vaccination-related cardiovascular symptoms after receiving mRNA vaccines (mRNA-VRCS) is increasing. We investigated the incidence of vaccine-related adverse events (VAEs), including myocarditis and pericarditis, in patients with mRNA-VRCS after receiving BNT162b2-Pfizer-BioNTech and mRNA-1273-Moderna vaccines. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively collected data on patients presenting with mRNA-VRCS who visited the outpatient clinic of two tertiary medical centers. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, echocardiographic findings, and electrocardiographic findings were evaluated. VAE was defined as myocarditis or pericarditis in patients after mRNA vaccination. Clinical outcomes during short-term follow-up, including emergency room (ER) visit, hospitalization, or death, were also assessed among the patients. Results: A total of 952 patients presenting with mRNA-VRCS were included in this study, with 89.7% receiving Pfizer-BioNTech and 10.3% receiving Moderna vaccines. The mean duration from vaccination to symptom was 5.6±7.5 days. VAEs, including acute myocarditis and acute pericarditis, were confirmed in 11 (1.2%) and 10 (1.1%) patients, respectively. The VAE group showed higher rates of dyspnea, echocardiography changes, and ST-T segment changes. During the short-term follow-up period of 3 months, the VAE group showed a higher hospitalization rate compared to the control group; there was no significant difference in ER visit (p=0.320) or mortality rates (p>0.999). Conclusion Amongst the patients who experienced mRNA-VRCS, the total incidence of VAEs, including acute myocarditis and pericarditis, was 2.2%. Patients with VAEs showed higher rates of dyspnea, echocardiographic changes, and ST-T segment changes compared to those without VAEs. With or without the cardiovascular events, the prognosis in patients with mRNA-VRCS was favorable.

Purpose: The number of patients presenting with vaccination-related cardiovascular symptoms after receiving mRNA vaccines (mRNA-VRCS) is increasing. We investigated the incidence of vaccine-related adverse events (VAEs), including myocarditis and pericarditis, in patients with mRNA-VRCS after receiving BNT162b2-Pfizer-BioNTech and mRNA-1273-Moderna vaccines. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively collected data on patients presenting with mRNA-VRCS who visited the outpatient clinic of two tertiary medical centers. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, echocardiographic findings, and electrocardiographic findings were evaluated. VAE was defined as myocarditis or pericarditis in patients after mRNA vaccination. Clinical outcomes during short-term follow-up, including emergency room (ER) visit, hospitalization, or death, were also assessed among the patients. Results: A total of 952 patients presenting with mRNA-VRCS were included in this study, with 89.7% receiving Pfizer-BioNTech and 10.3% receiving Moderna vaccines. The mean duration from vaccination to symptom was 5.6±7.5 days. VAEs, including acute myocarditis and acute pericarditis, were confirmed in 11 (1.2%) and 10 (1.1%) patients, respectively. The VAE group showed higher rates of dyspnea, echocardiography changes, and ST-T segment changes. During the short-term follow-up period of 3 months, the VAE group showed a higher hospitalization rate compared to the control group; there was no significant difference in ER visit (p=0.320) or mortality rates (p>0.999). Conclusion Amongst the patients who experienced mRNA-VRCS, the total incidence of VAEs, including acute myocarditis and pericarditis, was 2.2%. Patients with VAEs showed higher rates of dyspnea, echocardiographic changes, and ST-T segment changes compared to those without VAEs. With or without the cardiovascular events, the prognosis in patients with mRNA-VRCS was favorable.

Purpose: This study compared the radiological outcomes of fixation using an anatomical quadrilateral surface plate with those using a traditional pelvic reconstruction plate for fractures involving the quadrilateral surface or superomedial wall of the acetabulum. Materials and Methods: From 2015 to 2022, 47 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed retrospectively. Internal fixation of an acetabular fracture was achieved with a pelvic reconstruction plate (n=28) or an anatomical quadrilateral surface plate (n=19). The ability to achieve immediate postoperative anatomical reduction and the long-term outcomes were assessed by confirming the arthritic changes. Immediate postoperative reduction quality and long-term radiological outcomes for post-traumatic arthritis were assessed using the Matta scoring system on standard radiographs. Results: The assessment of immediate postoperative reduction in the pelvic reconstruction plate group was satisfactory in 16 patients (57.1%) and unsatisfactory in 12 patients (42.9%). In the anatomical quadrilateral surface plate group, the results were satisfactory in 16 patients (84.2%) and unsatisfactory in 3 patients (15.8%). When evaluating over an extended follow-up period in the pelvic reconstruction plate group, 19 patients (67.9%) demonstrated satisfactory, while 9 patients (32.1%) had unsatisfactory outcomes. In the anatomical quadrilateral surface plate group, 12 patients (63.2%) achieved satisfactory, and 7 patients (36.8%) had unsatisfactory outcomes. The immediate postoperative reduction quality was superior in the anatomical quadrilateral surface plate group (p=0.03). Comparing longterm results, the anatomical quadrilateral surface plate group did not have statistically more favorable outcomes (p=0.49). Conclusion In this study, the anatomical quadrilateral surface plate achieved sufficiently good radiological results without significant difference from the existing pelvic reconstruction plate. It was concluded that it is a useful option that can replace the existing metal plate in the selection of surgery for acetabular fractures.

Purpose: The number of patients presenting with vaccination-related cardiovascular symptoms after receiving mRNA vaccines (mRNA-VRCS) is increasing. We investigated the incidence of vaccine-related adverse events (VAEs), including myocarditis and pericarditis, in patients with mRNA-VRCS after receiving BNT162b2-Pfizer-BioNTech and mRNA-1273-Moderna vaccines. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively collected data on patients presenting with mRNA-VRCS who visited the outpatient clinic of two tertiary medical centers. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, echocardiographic findings, and electrocardiographic findings were evaluated. VAE was defined as myocarditis or pericarditis in patients after mRNA vaccination. Clinical outcomes during short-term follow-up, including emergency room (ER) visit, hospitalization, or death, were also assessed among the patients. Results: A total of 952 patients presenting with mRNA-VRCS were included in this study, with 89.7% receiving Pfizer-BioNTech and 10.3% receiving Moderna vaccines. The mean duration from vaccination to symptom was 5.6±7.5 days. VAEs, including acute myocarditis and acute pericarditis, were confirmed in 11 (1.2%) and 10 (1.1%) patients, respectively. The VAE group showed higher rates of dyspnea, echocardiography changes, and ST-T segment changes. During the short-term follow-up period of 3 months, the VAE group showed a higher hospitalization rate compared to the control group; there was no significant difference in ER visit (p=0.320) or mortality rates (p>0.999). Conclusion Amongst the patients who experienced mRNA-VRCS, the total incidence of VAEs, including acute myocarditis and pericarditis, was 2.2%. Patients with VAEs showed higher rates of dyspnea, echocardiographic changes, and ST-T segment changes compared to those without VAEs. With or without the cardiovascular events, the prognosis in patients with mRNA-VRCS was favorable.

Purpose: The number of patients presenting with vaccination-related cardiovascular symptoms after receiving mRNA vaccines (mRNA-VRCS) is increasing. We investigated the incidence of vaccine-related adverse events (VAEs), including myocarditis and pericarditis, in patients with mRNA-VRCS after receiving BNT162b2-Pfizer-BioNTech and mRNA-1273-Moderna vaccines. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively collected data on patients presenting with mRNA-VRCS who visited the outpatient clinic of two tertiary medical centers. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, echocardiographic findings, and electrocardiographic findings were evaluated. VAE was defined as myocarditis or pericarditis in patients after mRNA vaccination. Clinical outcomes during short-term follow-up, including emergency room (ER) visit, hospitalization, or death, were also assessed among the patients. Results: A total of 952 patients presenting with mRNA-VRCS were included in this study, with 89.7% receiving Pfizer-BioNTech and 10.3% receiving Moderna vaccines. The mean duration from vaccination to symptom was 5.6±7.5 days. VAEs, including acute myocarditis and acute pericarditis, were confirmed in 11 (1.2%) and 10 (1.1%) patients, respectively. The VAE group showed higher rates of dyspnea, echocardiography changes, and ST-T segment changes. During the short-term follow-up period of 3 months, the VAE group showed a higher hospitalization rate compared to the control group; there was no significant difference in ER visit (p=0.320) or mortality rates (p>0.999). Conclusion Amongst the patients who experienced mRNA-VRCS, the total incidence of VAEs, including acute myocarditis and pericarditis, was 2.2%. Patients with VAEs showed higher rates of dyspnea, echocardiographic changes, and ST-T segment changes compared to those without VAEs. With or without the cardiovascular events, the prognosis in patients with mRNA-VRCS was favorable.