Lecanemab (product name Leqembi ® ) is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody treatment approved for use in Korea for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The Korean Dementia Association has created recommendations for the appropriate use of lecanemab to assist clinicians. These recommendations include selecting patients for administration, necessary pre-administration tests and preparations,administration methods, monitoring for amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), and communication with patients and caregivers. Lecanemab is recommended for patients with MCI or mild dementia who confirmed positive amyloid biomarkers, and should not be administered to patients with severe hypersensitivity to lecanemab or those unable to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. To predict the risk of ARIA before administration, apolipoprotein E genotyping is conducted, and regular brain MRI evaluations are recommended to monitor for ARIA during treatment. The most common adverse reactions are infusion-related reactions, which require appropriate management upon occurrence. Additional caution is needed when co-administering with anticoagulants or tissue plasminogen activator due to the risk of macrohemorrhage. Clinicians should consider the efficacy and necessary conditions for administration, as well as the safety of lecanemab, to make a comprehensive decision regarding its use.

Lecanemab (product name Leqembi ® ) is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody treatment approved for use in Korea for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The Korean Dementia Association has created recommendations for the appropriate use of lecanemab to assist clinicians. These recommendations include selecting patients for administration, necessary pre-administration tests and preparations,administration methods, monitoring for amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), and communication with patients and caregivers. Lecanemab is recommended for patients with MCI or mild dementia who confirmed positive amyloid biomarkers, and should not be administered to patients with severe hypersensitivity to lecanemab or those unable to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. To predict the risk of ARIA before administration, apolipoprotein E genotyping is conducted, and regular brain MRI evaluations are recommended to monitor for ARIA during treatment. The most common adverse reactions are infusion-related reactions, which require appropriate management upon occurrence. Additional caution is needed when co-administering with anticoagulants or tissue plasminogen activator due to the risk of macrohemorrhage. Clinicians should consider the efficacy and necessary conditions for administration, as well as the safety of lecanemab, to make a comprehensive decision regarding its use.

Lecanemab (product name Leqembi ® ) is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody treatment approved for use in Korea for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The Korean Dementia Association has created recommendations for the appropriate use of lecanemab to assist clinicians. These recommendations include selecting patients for administration, necessary pre-administration tests and preparations,administration methods, monitoring for amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), and communication with patients and caregivers. Lecanemab is recommended for patients with MCI or mild dementia who confirmed positive amyloid biomarkers, and should not be administered to patients with severe hypersensitivity to lecanemab or those unable to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. To predict the risk of ARIA before administration, apolipoprotein E genotyping is conducted, and regular brain MRI evaluations are recommended to monitor for ARIA during treatment. The most common adverse reactions are infusion-related reactions, which require appropriate management upon occurrence. Additional caution is needed when co-administering with anticoagulants or tissue plasminogen activator due to the risk of macrohemorrhage. Clinicians should consider the efficacy and necessary conditions for administration, as well as the safety of lecanemab, to make a comprehensive decision regarding its use.

Lecanemab (product name Leqembi ® ) is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody treatment approved for use in Korea for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The Korean Dementia Association has created recommendations for the appropriate use of lecanemab to assist clinicians. These recommendations include selecting patients for administration, necessary pre-administration tests and preparations,administration methods, monitoring for amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), and communication with patients and caregivers. Lecanemab is recommended for patients with MCI or mild dementia who confirmed positive amyloid biomarkers, and should not be administered to patients with severe hypersensitivity to lecanemab or those unable to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. To predict the risk of ARIA before administration, apolipoprotein E genotyping is conducted, and regular brain MRI evaluations are recommended to monitor for ARIA during treatment. The most common adverse reactions are infusion-related reactions, which require appropriate management upon occurrence. Additional caution is needed when co-administering with anticoagulants or tissue plasminogen activator due to the risk of macrohemorrhage. Clinicians should consider the efficacy and necessary conditions for administration, as well as the safety of lecanemab, to make a comprehensive decision regarding its use.

PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate whether the modified Alvarado score-which is currently being used to diagnose acute appendicitis-can be applicable in the diagnosis of diseases in pregnant women. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 252 pregnant women who visited our emergency department (ED) with a chief complaint of abdominal pain and a suspicion of acute appendicitis, and ultimately underwent appendix ultrasonography or appendix magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The modified Alvarado score was calculated for each pregnant woman. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn for each subject, those in the first trimester, second trimester, and third trimester, from which the best cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity were induced. RESULTS: For all 252 pregnant women who visited our ED, the area under the curve was 0.742 (p<0.001), with sensitivity and specificity of 75.41% and 62.30%, respectively, when using the value of 5 as the cut-off point for the modified Alvarado score. The area under the curve was 0.811 (p<0.001) for those in their first trimester and 0.749 (p<0.001) for those in the second trimester, while it was 0.641, with the p-value of 0.109, for those in the third trimester. CONCLUSION: There is a limitation using the modified Alvarado score alone in pregnant woman, and if there is uncertainty in the diagnosis, other imaging studies, such as appendix ultrasonography or appendix MRI, should be considered.
Abdominal Pain ; Appendicitis* ; Appendix ; Diagnosis ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnant Women* ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography ; Uncertainty

BACKGROUND: Activities daily living (ADL) disability has a direct influence on the patients' quality of life and on the amount of care needed. It is major factor of care in dementia patients. So Korean Dementia Association suggested guideline about activities of daily living in dementia patients in 2013. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of this. METHODS: A total of 110 subjects were enrolled. Assessments included age, sex, education level of patients and caregiver, the duration of disease, pattern of family, economic status. We divided "active practice" group and "passive practice" group by recognition of guideline contents after study. We compared two groups before and after by Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), Short form of Geriatric Depression Scale-Korean version (S-GDS), Korean version of Zarit's Burden Interview (ZBI-K), Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living scale (ADCS-ADL). Finally, we investigate the level of satisfaction about our guideline. RESULTS: Age of patients, the duration of disease was lower and education level of caregiver and economic status was higher in "active practice group". The pattern of family also differed from two groups. It was observed distinct difference between the variations of two groups in S-GDS, ZBI-K, and ADCS-ADL. The level of satisfaction about our guideline was very high. CONCLUSION: Considering these results, our guideline about activities of daily living is effective to manage dementia patient. Active application of it is needed in clinic or center for dementia.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Alzheimer Disease ; Caregivers ; Dementia* ; Depression ; Education ; Humans ; Quality of Life

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Variceal hemorrhage is one of the major complications of cirrhosis and is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. The development of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage is the most direct consequence of portal hypertension. Correlations between the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and first variceal hemorrhage were examined. METHODS: Patients with cirrhosis who underwent HVPG measurement between July 2009 and September 2010 were enrolled (n=535). All patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy to enable the evaluation of gastroesophageal varices. RESULTS: The HVPG for all patients was 16.46+/-7.05 mmHg (mean+/-SD), and was significantly higher among those with first variceal hemorrhage than in those without it. The HVPG was significantly correlated with both Child-Turcotte-Pugh (r=0.488, P<0.001) and Model for End-stage Liver Disease (r=0.478, P<0.001) scores. An HVPG value of 11 mmHg was predictive of first variceal hemorrhage with a sensitivity of 92.4% and a specificity of 27.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The HVPG was higher in patients with first variceal hemorrhage than in those without it.
Adult ; Catheters ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices/*complications ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/*etiology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/*complications/mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; *Venous Pressure

PURPOSE: The GlideScope video laryngoscope (GL) has been known to help inexperienced health care providers become able to manage even difficult airways. The purpose of this study was to compare foreign body removal efficacies between the Macintosh laryngoscope (ML) and the GL in a setting of airway obstruction. METHODS: Participants were asked to remove the simulated foreign body (2x2 cm rice cake) from the supraglottic area of a freshly embalmed cadaver. This simulated a normal airway and a difficult airway with cervical spine immobilization. Participants performed the removal maneuver 4 times in random order using a Magill forceps with both the ML and the GL. We measured the time to removal (sec) and preference of the participant (5-point scale) and compared results according to the type of laryngoscope. Successful removal was defined as a removal time that was less than 120 sec. RESULTS: Forty participants were enrolled in this simulation experiment. The success rate, time to removal and provider preference were not significantly different betweeh the two types of laryngoscope. In subgroup analysis for experienced providers, the time to removal was significantly shorter in the ML group than the GL group (14 vs 20 sec, p<0.05). The preference of experienced provider was also significantly higher for ML than GL. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that ML has comparable efficacy for foreign body removal to GL and is acceptable to experienced providers.
Airway Obstruction ; Cadaver ; Foreign Bodies ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Laryngoscopes ; Spine ; Surgical Instruments

Hoffa's disease refers to inflammation, subsequent hypertrophy and impingement of the infrapatellar fat pad, and this is all triggered by acute trauma or repetitive microtrauma. Patients with Hoffa's disease manifest with anterior knee pain and functional impairment. The chronic impingement of the infrapatellar fat pad, which contains many progenitor cells, may promote fibrocartilaginous formation and osteochondral metaplasia of adipose tissue, so osteochondroma is sometimes found in patients with advanced Hoffa's disease. We report here on an ossifying chondrolipoangioma as an advanced form of Hoffa disease that occurred in the infrapatellar fat pad.
Adipose Tissue ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Inflammation ; Knee ; Metaplasia ; Osteochondroma ; Stem Cells

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of the treatment of the supracondylar fractures of the humerus according to the fixation methods with cannulated screw. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight patients, aged 49 to 82 years (average, 65 years), were reviewed after a mean follow-up of 16 months (range, 12~24 months). According to AO classification all fractures were classified as type A2 (simple transverse supracondylar fracture). All patients underwent closed reduction. Percutaneous fixation with cannulated screws was performed in 8 patients. Three of 8 patients had associated medical problems and one patient had distal radius fracture. The functional results were assessed by the Mayo Elbow Performance Score. RESULTS: Mean operation time was 59 minutes (45~75) and all the patients with cannulated screw fixation had bony union and were able to early ROM exercise. Mean ranges of motion was 5~120 degrees with excellent functional results. Functional evaluation of elbow joint by Mayo method showed mean value of 88 (75~95). CONCLUSION: The cannulated screw fixation of supracondylar fracture of humerus, especially in the elderly aged group with medical disease had excellent functional results (rigid fixation & early ROM exercise) due to shortening of surgery time and anesthesic time, combined with decreased technical difficulties of the surgical procedure
Aged ; Classification ; Elbow ; Elbow Joint ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus* ; Methods ; Radius Fractures