ObjectiveTo explore the academic characteristics of contemporary renowned Chinese medicine masters in treating diabetic kidney disease （DKD） from the perspectives of principles， methods， formulas， and medications. MethodsIn strict accordance with the Systematic Review of Text and Opinion （SrTO） process developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute （JBI）， an Australian evidence-based healthcare center， the databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， VIP Database， Wanfang Data， and China Biomedical Literature Service System （SinoMed） were searched. Based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria， text information extraction， quality evaluation， and text information synthesis were conducted sequentially. The data were analyzed and presented in the form of text and figures. ResultsA total of 215 articles related to 43 contemporary renowned experts in the fields of Chinese medicine nephrology and endocrinology were included. The study found that the academic thoughts of these masters in the treatment of DKD are extensive， involving multiple levels such as disease understanding， therapeutic strategies， formula application， and medication use. In terms of disease understanding， the primary pathogenesis is characterized by deficiency in the root and excess in the manifestation. It is emphasized that internal factors， such as congenital endowment deficiency， interact with external factors such as improper diet， emotional disturbances， invasion of exogenous pathogens， and delayed or inappropriate treatment， to jointly induce the disease. This further gives rise to various pathogenetic theories， including obstruction of renal collaterals by blood stasis， toxin-induced damage to renal collaterals， latent wind disturbing the kidney， and internal heat leading to mass formation. In terms of therapeutic strategies and medication use， the principal treatment method is to replenish Qi and nourish Yin. Stage-based and syndrome-differentiated treatments are advocated. Flexible use of insect-derived drugs and wind-dispelling drugs is emphasized， along with proficiency in applying classical formulas and drug pairs. Integrated internal and external treatments， as well as the combined application of multiple therapeutic approaches， are commonly employed for comprehensive management. Meanwhile， the concept of "preventive treatment of disease" is upheld， and individualized long-term management of patients is advocated. ConclusionThrough the SrTO process， the academic thoughts of contemporary renowned Chinese medicine masters in the treatment of DKD have been systematically and standardly synthesized， providing a scientific and standardized basis for future theoretical exploration.

ObjectiveTo explore the academic characteristics of contemporary renowned Chinese medicine masters in treating diabetic kidney disease （DKD） from the perspectives of principles， methods， formulas， and medications. MethodsIn strict accordance with the Systematic Review of Text and Opinion （SrTO） process developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute （JBI）， an Australian evidence-based healthcare center， the databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， VIP Database， Wanfang Data， and China Biomedical Literature Service System （SinoMed） were searched. Based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria， text information extraction， quality evaluation， and text information synthesis were conducted sequentially. The data were analyzed and presented in the form of text and figures. ResultsA total of 215 articles related to 43 contemporary renowned experts in the fields of Chinese medicine nephrology and endocrinology were included. The study found that the academic thoughts of these masters in the treatment of DKD are extensive， involving multiple levels such as disease understanding， therapeutic strategies， formula application， and medication use. In terms of disease understanding， the primary pathogenesis is characterized by deficiency in the root and excess in the manifestation. It is emphasized that internal factors， such as congenital endowment deficiency， interact with external factors such as improper diet， emotional disturbances， invasion of exogenous pathogens， and delayed or inappropriate treatment， to jointly induce the disease. This further gives rise to various pathogenetic theories， including obstruction of renal collaterals by blood stasis， toxin-induced damage to renal collaterals， latent wind disturbing the kidney， and internal heat leading to mass formation. In terms of therapeutic strategies and medication use， the principal treatment method is to replenish Qi and nourish Yin. Stage-based and syndrome-differentiated treatments are advocated. Flexible use of insect-derived drugs and wind-dispelling drugs is emphasized， along with proficiency in applying classical formulas and drug pairs. Integrated internal and external treatments， as well as the combined application of multiple therapeutic approaches， are commonly employed for comprehensive management. Meanwhile， the concept of "preventive treatment of disease" is upheld， and individualized long-term management of patients is advocated. ConclusionThrough the SrTO process， the academic thoughts of contemporary renowned Chinese medicine masters in the treatment of DKD have been systematically and standardly synthesized， providing a scientific and standardized basis for future theoretical exploration.

Methods: Sixty-two patients (2014–2019) were divided into the SC (n=32) and PC (n=30) groups. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) score, and Neck Disability Index (NDI). Radiological parameters, including cervical lordosis (CL), fused segment angle (FSA), and disc height (DH), were assessed. Cage subsidence, adjacent segment degeneration (ASD), and other complications were also documented. The relationship between postoperative radiological changes and symptoms was also analyzed. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in symptoms, with fusion achieved in all surgical segments. The SC group had a shorter operative time and reduced intraoperative blood loss. However, the SC group had a higher subsidence rate (16.7% vs. 5.6%, p=0.017). The PC group maintained better cervical alignment in terms of CL, FSA, and DH (p<0.05), with an increased incidence of dysphagia and ASD (p<0.05). Spearman correlation analyses showed that neither CL nor FSA loss at the 5-year follow-up was significantly associated with improvements in the mJOA, VAS, and NDI scores (p>0.05) in either group. Regression analyses indicated that subsidence or loss of lordosis did not correlate with the degree of postoperative symptoms (p<0.05). Conclusions Both SC and PC achieved sustained pain relief, neurological improvement, and solid fusion in three-level ACDF at the 5-year follow-up. SC demonstrated significant advantages in reducing dysphagia and ASD, while PC better maintained cervical alignment and segmental stability. Patient-specific factors should be used to guide implant selection. Further multicenter studies are required to validate these findings.

Purpose: Biomarkers predicting clinically significant prostate cancer (sPC) before biopsy are currently lacking. This study aimed to develop a non-invasive urine test to predict sPC in at-risk men using urinary metabolomic profiles. Materials and Methods: Urine samples from 934 at-risk subjects and 268 treatment-naïve PC patients were subjected to liquid chromatography/mass spectrophotometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics profiling using both C18 and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) column analyses. Four models were constructed (training cohort [n=647]) and validated (validation cohort [n=344]) for different purposes. Model I differentiates PC from benign cases. Models II, III, and a Gleason score model (model GS) predict sPC that is defined as National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)-categorized favorable-intermediate risk group or higher (Model II), unfavorable-intermediate risk group or higher (Model III), and GS ≥7 PC (model GS), respectively. The metabolomic panels and predicting models were constructed using logistic regression and Akaike information criterion. Results: The best metabolomic panels from the HILIC column include 25, 27, 28 and 26 metabolites in Models I, II, III, and GS, respectively, with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging between 0.82 and 0.91 in the training cohort and between 0.77 and 0.86 in the validation cohort. The combination of the metabolomic panels and five baseline clinical factors that include serum prostate-specific antigen, age, family history of PC, previously negative biopsy, and abnormal digital rectal examination results significantly increased AUCs (range 0.88–0.91). At 90% sensitivity (validation cohort), 33%, 34%, 41%, and 36% of unnecessary biopsies were avoided in Models I, II, III, and GS, respectively. The above results were successfully validated using LC-MS with the C18 column. Conclusions Urinary metabolomic profiles with baseline clinical factors may accurately predict sPC in men with elevated risk before biopsy.

Objective To quantitatively assess the correlation between the skeletal muscle index(SMI)of patients and the occur-rence of anastomotic leakage(AL)in rectal cancer patients after surgery,and to analyze the risk factors for AL in rectal cancer patients and the influencing factors of sarcopenia.Methods The clinical,pathological,and related imaging data of 362 patients who under-went radical surgery for rectal cancer were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent pelvic MRI and abdominal CT scans(plain/enhanced)within one month before surgery,and the third lumbar vertebra skeletal muscle area(L3-SMA)was measured from the images.All patients were divided into AL group(56 cases)and control group(306 cases)based on the presence or absence of postoperative complications.The differences in clinical characteristics and imaging parameters between the two groups were analyzed.A logistic risk prediction model was established.Results Significant differences were observed between the two groups in sarcopenia,type of surgery,surgical approach,serum albumin level,operation duration,stoma type,and extramural vascular invasion(EMVI)(P＜0.05).These factors were incorporated in a multivariate logistic regression analysis model,the area under the curve(AUC)of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of the model was 0.810[95％confidence interval(CI)0.743-0.876,P＜0.001],with a sensitivity of 0.865 and specificity of 0.669.Conclusion Sar-copenia is a significant risk factor for AL after rectal cancer surgery.It enhances the predictive efficacy for postoperative AL and serves as a basis for identifying high-risk populations for AL in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the effect of linezolid on platelets in patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)and analyze the safety profile of linezolid by comparing the platelet count and bleeding risk of linezolid during bone marrow suppression in patients after chemotherapy for AML.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent chemotherapy for AML in a tertiary hospital from January 2020 to November 2024.The patients treated with linezolid and those not receiving linezolid were matched in a 1∶2 ratio.The safety of linezolid during bone marrow suppression after chemotherapy for AML was analyzed in terms of platelet count＜20×109/L,＜50×109/L,minimum platelet count,total platelet transfusion volume,and clinical bleeding events.Results A total of 126 patients were enrolled,including 42 patients receiving linezolid and 84 patients not receiving linezolid.There was no significant difference between linezolid group and control group in the days for platelet count＜20×109/Land＜50×109/L.No life-threatening severe bleeding events were reported in either group.The time to platelet recovery and time to platelet count increase prolonged significantly in patients who received linezolid treatment for more than 7 days during bone marrow suppression.Albumin＜35 g/L may prolong the time to platelet count increase.Conclusions This study suggests that short-term use of linezolid for not more than 7 days is safe during bone marrow suppression in patients after chemotherapy for AML.When linezolid is used for more than 7 days,the time required for platelet recovery and platelet count increase will be significantly prolonged.In cases of albumin＜35 g/L,the time required for platelet count increase may be prolonged.These findings can inform clinical decision-making and help optimize infection management strategies for AML patients.

Objective To examine the changing prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Burkholderia cepacia in 52 hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021.Methods A total of 9 261 strains of B.cepacia were collected from 52 hospitals between January 1,2015 and December 31,2021.Antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains was tested using Kirby-Bauer method or automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems according to a unified protocol.The results were interpreted according to the breakpoints released in the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)guidelines(2023 edition).Results A total of 9 261 strains of B.cepacia were isolated from all age groups,especially elderly patients.The proportion was 11.1％(1 032 strains)in children,significantly lower than the proportion in adults.About half(46.5％,4 310/9 261)of the strains were isolated from patients at least 60 years old and 42.3％(3 919/9 261)of the strains were isolated from young adults.Most isolates(71.1％)were isolated from sputum and respiratory secretions,followed by urine(10.7％)and blood samples(8.1％).B.cepacia isolates were highly susceptible to the five antimicrobial agents recommended in the CLSI M100 document(33rd edition,2023).B.cepacia isolates showed relatively higher resistance rates to meropenem and levofloxacin.However,the resistance rates to ceftazidime,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,and minocycline remained below 8.1％.The percentage of B.cepacia strains resistant to levofloxacin was the highest compared to other antibiotics in any of the three age groups(from 12.4％in the patients＜18 years old to 20.6％in the patients aged 60 years or older).Conclusions B.cepacia is one of the clinically important non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria.Accurate and timely reporting of antimicrobial susceptibility test results and ongoing antimicrobial resistance surveillance are helpful for rational prescription of antimicrobial agents and proper prevention and control of nosocomial infections.

Depression is a heterogeneous mental disorder in which the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environ-mental factors plays a key role in its pathogenesis.Although the specific mechanisms of the disease still need to be thoroughly studied and elucidated,there is now a broad consensus that epi-genetic markers have a central influence on its mechanism of ac-tion.DNA methylation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BD-NF)is not only regarded as a promising epigenetic biomarker of pathology,but may also help predict the efficacy of antidepres-sants.In this paper we reviewed the gene structure of BDNF and its DNA methylation regulation mechanism,and also analyzed the changes of DNA methylation of this factor in depression pa-tients and animal models,aiming to provide new ideas and theo-retical support for clinical research.

Objective:To screen differentially expressed genes in the retinas of mice with experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) through transcriptome sequencing.Methods:Twenty 8-week-old SPF grade male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into EAU group and control group by random number table method, with 10 mice in each group.In the EAU group, an emulsion of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein 1-20 and complete Freund adjuvant was injected subcutaneously into the inner side of the hind limbs and intravenously into the tail vein of the mice, and pertussis toxin was injected intraperitoneally to establish the EAU model.In the control group, mice were subcutaneously injected with the corresponding volume of phosphate buffer solution.On the 21st day after model establishment, the anterior segment inflammation of the mouse eyes was examined using a slit-lamp microscope.Retinal blood vessels were observed by fundus photography and clinical inflammation was scored.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the morphological changes in the retinal tissues of the two groups.Retinal tissues were collected from two groups of mice.RNA was extracted and cDNA libraries were constructed for transcriptome sequencing.The clusterProfiler package in R programming language was used to screen for differentially expressed genes in EAU, and to conduct GO and KEGG enrichment analyses.The expression of core differentially expressed genes in the retinal tissues was then verified using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.The breeding and use of experimental animals were in compliance with the relevant regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Anhui Medical University.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Anhui Medical University (No.LLSC20221208).Results:On the 21st day after model establishment, the clinical score of the EAU group was 2.83±0.94, significantly higher than 1.89±0.93 of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.290, P<0.05). The retinal blood vessels of mice in the EAU group showed tortuosity and dilation.Histopathological examination revealed a large number of inflammatory cell infiltrations in the retina, indicating successful establishment of the EAU mouse model.Transcriptome sequencing of the mouse retinal tissues identified a total of 32 473 genes, and 154 differentially expressed genes were screened out.Among them, 79 genes were up-regulated with Gm38574, Tmem81, Ptpn7 being top three and 75 genes were down-regulated with Gm19802, Fga, Cyp3a11 being top three.GO enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mostly related to immune response and cytokine action.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the Toll-like pathway and cytokine signaling pathway.Compared with the control group, the relative expression levels of Gm38574, Tmem81, and Ptpn7 in the retinal tissues of the EAU group were up-regulated, while the expression levels of Gm19802, Fga, and Cyp3a11 were down-regulated, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=9.755, 5.358, 6.289, 4.312, 6.577, 6.118; all P<0.05). Conclusions:There are significant differences in the key genes Gm38574, Tmem81, Ptpn7, Gm19802, Fga, and Cyp3a11 in the retinal tissues of EAU mice, mainly corelated with the cytokine interaction pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the impact of different methods of harvesting palatal connective tissue on patients' postoperative pain at the palatal donor site.Methods A total of 30 patients were included.The control group was de-epithelialized free gingival graft technique group,and the experimental group was the single-incision technique group.The keratinized gingival width of the recipient site,number of vertical incisions,number of teeth,donor site mucosa thickness,graft width,graft length,graft thickness,operation time and amount of anesthetic were recorded.The postoperative quality of life rating scale and visual analog scale were completed and statistical analysiswas performedon the results by SPSS 26.0.Results The postoperative quality of life score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and there was no significant difference in the total VAS score of the donor site.In terms of the total postoperative pain level after mucogingival surgery,the number of vertical incisions and graft thickness were positively correlated with the pain.Palate mucosal thickness was negatively correlated with postoperative pain levels.Conclusion In mucogingi-val surgery,the degree of postoperative pain in the donor palatal region of the patient is independent of the choice of de-epithelialized free gingival graft technique or single-incision technique to obtain subepithelial connective tissue.The surgeon should also give compre-hensive considerationsto the anatomical factors of the patient's donor site,surgical technical level and experience,and aesthetic require-ments when selecting the surgical method.