Objective: To analyze the etiological surveillance results of influenza-like illness (ILI) cases in Jiangsu Province, and investigate the distribution characteristics of different influenza virus types, so as to provide the evidence for improving influenza prevention and control measures. Methods: Influenza laboratory testing data for sentinel surveillance of ILI cases in Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2024 were collected through the China Influenza Surveillance Information System. The positive detection rate of influenza virus was calculated, and descriptive analysis was performed to characterize the distribution of different influenza virus types. Using the farthest neighbor linkage method, influenza virus positive detection rates clustering was analyzed by year and week. Clusters were defined based on inter-cluster distance, and the intensity of the positive detection rate was visualized through color gradients in the clustering heatmap. Results: From 2019 to 2024, a total of 183 878 ILI specimens were collected in Jiangsu Province. Among them, 20 059 specimens tested positive for influenza virus, corresponding to an overall positive detection rate of 10.91%, and an average annual positive detection rate of 10.89%. The primary circulating influenza virus types were influenza A H3N2 subtype, accounting for 40.92%, followed by influenza B Victoria linage at 34.00%, and influenza A H1N1 subtype at 24.80%. Influenza B Yamagata linage was not detected throughout the five-year period. Influenza A H3N2 subtype predominated during two distinct periods: from January to March 2019, and from June 2022 to December 2023. Influenz B Victoria linage was the dominant type from April 2019 to May 2022 and again from January to April 2024. Influenza A H1N1 subtype emerged as the primary type from May to December 2024. Year-based clustering analysis grouped the annual positive detection rates from 2019 to 2024 into three clusters. The closest cluster distance was observed between 2019 and 2024. The highest annual positive detection rate occurred in 2023. Both influenza A H3N2 and H1N1 subtype each formed a single cluster, with their peak positive detection rates also recorded in 2023. Influenza B Victoria lineage was separated into two clusters, with its highest positive detection rate occurring in 2020. Week-based clustering analysis revealed that influenza virus detection was concentrated in weeks 47 to 52 and weeks 1 to 15. More specifically, the positive detection rates for influenza A H3N2 subtype peaked during weeks 30 to 34 and weeks 42 to 52; for influenza A H1N1 subtype, during weeks 9 to 15 and weeks 51 to 52; and for influenza B Victoria lineage, during weeks 1 to 11 and weeks 50 to 52. Conclusions From 2019 to 2024, the average annual positive detection rate of influenza virus in Jiangsu Province remained relatively low. Influenza activity characterized by the alternating circulation of influenza A H1N1 subtype, influenza A H3N2 subtype, and influenza B Victoria linage. It is necessary to maintain the surveillance sensitivity for the influenza B Yamagata lineage.

Objective:To investigate the survival outcomes and prognostic factors in patients undergoing radical resection for pancreatic body and tail cancer.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted on 992 patients who underwent radical resection for pancreatic body and tail cancer at the Pancreatic Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2016 to June 2024. In this study, 577 (58.2%) were male and 415 (41.8%) were female,with an age of (65±9) years (range: 26 to 86 years). Follow-up continued until June 2024. Survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.Results:Among 992 patients,open surgery was the predominant approach (89.1%, 884/992), and radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) was performed in 317 patients (32.0%). Combined organ resection,venous resection,and arterial resection were performed in 23.5%, 9.3%,and 11.2% of patients,respectively. The rates of R0, R1-1 mm, and R1-direct resections were 49.8% (494/992),41.5% (412/992), and 8.7% (86/992),respectively. Stage ⅡB was the most common TNM stage (32.2%,319/992). A total of 801 patients (80.8%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. The median follow-up period was 32.0(8.8) months(range:3.2 to 105.3 months),during which 508 patients (51.2%) died. The overall median survival (OS) was 26.4 months,with 1-,3-, and 5-year survival rates of 79.0%,40.0%, and 29.0%, respectively. In the recent five years (from 2020 to 2024), the median OS improved significantly to 34.1 months compared to 20.0 months from 2016 to 2019 ( P<0.01). Histological subtype analysis showed that the median OS time was 26.7 months for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC, n=855),58.9 months for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC, n=32),and 15.7 months for adenosquamous carcinoma of pancreas (ASCP, n=73) ( P=0.001). Among PDAC patients, adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved survival (29.1 months vs. 14.4 months, P<0.01);in IPMC patients, adjuvant chemotherapy also extended survival (65.7 months vs. 58.9 months, P=0.047). Although ASCP patients receiving chemotherapy had a longer median OS time than those without (18.8 months vs. 8.9 months),the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.151). Multivariate Cox regression analysis in PDAC patients indicated that adjuvant chemotherapy, R0 resection, T stage,N stage,and tumor differentiation were independent prognostic factors ( P<0.01). The median OS time by TNM stage was:not reached for stage ⅠA, 51.6 months for ⅠB, 25.5 months for ⅡA, 23.7 months for ⅡB, 23.0 months for Ⅲ, and 14.4 months for Ⅳ. The median OS time for R0,R1-1 mm,and R1-direct resections was 34.1,24.7,and 15.7 months,respectively ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Adjuvant chemotherapy,R0 resection,tumor stage,and differentiation are independent prognostic factors for pancreatic body and tail cancer.

Objective:To investigate the survival outcomes and prognostic factors in patients undergoing radical resection for pancreatic body and tail cancer.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted on 992 patients who underwent radical resection for pancreatic body and tail cancer at the Pancreatic Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2016 to June 2024. In this study, 577 (58.2%) were male and 415 (41.8%) were female,with an age of (65±9) years (range: 26 to 86 years). Follow-up continued until June 2024. Survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.Results:Among 992 patients,open surgery was the predominant approach (89.1%, 884/992), and radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) was performed in 317 patients (32.0%). Combined organ resection,venous resection,and arterial resection were performed in 23.5%, 9.3%,and 11.2% of patients,respectively. The rates of R0, R1-1 mm, and R1-direct resections were 49.8% (494/992),41.5% (412/992), and 8.7% (86/992),respectively. Stage ⅡB was the most common TNM stage (32.2%,319/992). A total of 801 patients (80.8%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. The median follow-up period was 32.0(8.8) months(range:3.2 to 105.3 months),during which 508 patients (51.2%) died. The overall median survival (OS) was 26.4 months,with 1-,3-, and 5-year survival rates of 79.0%,40.0%, and 29.0%, respectively. In the recent five years (from 2020 to 2024), the median OS improved significantly to 34.1 months compared to 20.0 months from 2016 to 2019 ( P<0.01). Histological subtype analysis showed that the median OS time was 26.7 months for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC, n=855),58.9 months for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC, n=32),and 15.7 months for adenosquamous carcinoma of pancreas (ASCP, n=73) ( P=0.001). Among PDAC patients, adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved survival (29.1 months vs. 14.4 months, P<0.01);in IPMC patients, adjuvant chemotherapy also extended survival (65.7 months vs. 58.9 months, P=0.047). Although ASCP patients receiving chemotherapy had a longer median OS time than those without (18.8 months vs. 8.9 months),the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.151). Multivariate Cox regression analysis in PDAC patients indicated that adjuvant chemotherapy, R0 resection, T stage,N stage,and tumor differentiation were independent prognostic factors ( P<0.01). The median OS time by TNM stage was:not reached for stage ⅠA, 51.6 months for ⅠB, 25.5 months for ⅡA, 23.7 months for ⅡB, 23.0 months for Ⅲ, and 14.4 months for Ⅳ. The median OS time for R0,R1-1 mm,and R1-direct resections was 34.1,24.7,and 15.7 months,respectively ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Adjuvant chemotherapy,R0 resection,tumor stage,and differentiation are independent prognostic factors for pancreatic body and tail cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism by which Simiao Wan improve intestinal uric acid excretion in hyperuricemic （HUA） rats by inhibiting ferroptosis via the solute carrier family 7 member 11/glutathione peroxidase 4 （SLC7A11/GPX4） signaling pathway. MethodsForty-eight male SD rats were randomly assigned to a normal group， a model group， a low-dose Simiao Wan group （282.6 mg·kg^-1）， a high-dose Simiao Wan group （565.2 mg·kg^-1）， an etoricoxib group （5.4 mg·kg^-1）， and a ferroptosis inhibitor （Fer-1） group （2 mg·kg^-1）. Except for the normal group， rats in all other groups were intraperitoneally injected with potassium oxonate （100 mg·kg^-1） combined with intragastric administration of hypoxanthine （500 mg·kg^-1） to establish the HUA rat model. After 21 days， rats in each administration group received the corresponding dose of drug by gavage， rats in the Fer-1 group received intraperitoneal injection of Fer-1， and rats in the normal and model groups were given an equal volume of normal saline by gavage. After sampling， serum levels of uric acid （SUA）， creatinine （Cr）， and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） were measured using biochemical assays. The content of ferrous ion （Fe²⁺）， reduced glutathione （GSH）， and malondialdehyde （MDA）， as well as superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity in ileal tissues were determined. Hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining was performed to observe the histopathological changes in the ileum， and transmission electron microscopy was used to observe mitochondrial alterations in the ileal tissue. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） and Western blot were used to detect the protein expression levels of GPX4， ferritin heavy chain 1 （FTH1）， acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 （ACSL4）， SLC7A11， and ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 （ABCG2） in ileal tissue. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to determine the mRNA expression of GPX4， FTH1， ACSL4， SLC7A11， and ABCG2 in the ileal tissue. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group exhibited significantly elevated serum UA， Cr， and BUN levels （P<0.01）， significantly increased content of MDA and Fe²⁺ in ileal tissue， and significantly decreased GSH content and SOD activity （P<0.01）. HE staining showed extensive shedding of the ileal villous epithelium， disrupted and disorganized villous structure， and incomplete local tissue architecture. Transmission electron microscopy revealed reduced mitochondrial volume， decreased or even vanished cristae， indicating ultrastructural features characteristic of ferroptosis. Molecular and immunohistochemical results demonstrated that the protein and mRNA expression levels of GPX4， FTH1， SLC7A11， and ABCG2 were significantly downregulated， whereas those of ACSL4 were significantly upregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， after intervention with Simiao Wan， the serum UA， Cr， and BUN levels significantly decreased in all dose groups （P<0.05，P<0.01）， the MDA and Fe²⁺ content in ileal tissues were significantly reduced （P<0.01）， and the GSH content and SOD activity significantly increased （P<0.01）. HE staining showed that the shedding of ileal villous epithelium was markedly alleviated， the villous structure became relatively intact and regularly arranged， and local tissue damage was obviously improved. Transmission electron microscopy showed attenuated mitochondrial damage， improvement in mitochondrial shrinkage， and partial restoration of mitochondrial cristae. Molecular and immunohistochemical results showed that Simiao Wan upregulated GPX4， FTH1， SLC7A11， and ABCG2， and downregulated ACSL4 in a dose-dependent manner. In the high‑dose group， all indices improved significantly （P<0.05，P<0.01）， whereas in the low‑dose group， only improving trends were observed for FTH1， SLC7A11 mRNA， and ABCG2 protein. ConclusionSimiao Wan may inhibit ferroptosis of ileal epithelial cells by regulating the SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway， and upregulate the expression of the uric acid transporter ABCG2， thereby promoting intestinal uric acid excretion and improving HUA.

Objective To analyze the effect of sodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection(SCV)on four human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cell lines(SMMC-7721,Bel-7402,Huh7,and HepG2)and explore its mechanism.Methods Normal hepatic cell line L02 was treated with SCV at concentrations of 0 μmol/L(control),0.5,1,2,4,8,16,and 32 μmol/L,and the cytotoxicity of SCV on L02 cells was detected using CCK-8 assay.Human HCC cell lines(SMMC-7721,Bel-7402,Huh7,and HepG2)were cultured.SCV-untreated control group(0 μmol/L)and 2,4,and 8 μmol/L SCV-treated groups were set up.CCK-8 assay,plate cloning formation assay,Transwell assay,wound healing assay,and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of SCV on the growth and proliferation capacity,colony formation ability,invasion and migration capabilities,cell cycle,and apoptosis of the four hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines,respectively.Western blotting was performed to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins,including nuclear factor kappa-B subunit p65(p65),B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2),and Caspase-3,and to preliminarily explore the underlying mechanism.Results The CCK-8 assay showed that SCV at 0.5,1,2,4,and 8 μmol/L had no significant cytotoxic effect on L02 cells compared with untreated control group,so 2,4,and 8 μmol/L SCV were selected for subsequent experiments.Compared with the untreated control group(0 μmol/L),SCV at different concentrations(2,4,and 8 μmol/L)significantly inhibited the proliferation of the four HCC cell lines(P<0.001).The plate cloning formation assay showed that SCV at different concentrations(2,4,and 8 μmol/L)significantly reduced the colony formation ability of the four HCC cell lines(P<0.05 or P<0.01 or P<0.001).In addition,Transwell and wound healing assays revealed that SCV at different concentrations(2,4,and 8 μmol/L)significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of HCC cells(P<0.05 or P<0.01 or P<0.001).In the above results,the inhibitory effect of SCV was concentration-dependent.Flow cytometry analysis indicated that SCV arrested cells in the G2/M phase(P<0.05 or P<0.01 or P<0.001)and significantly promoted cell apoptosis(P<0.05 or P<0.01 or P<0.001).Western blotting showed that SCV significantly down-regulated the expression of p65(P<0.05 or P<0.01)and Bcl-2(P<0.05),and up-regulated the expression of Caspase-3(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions SCV can significantly inhibit the proliferation,colony formation,invasion,and migration of multiple human HCC cell lines and arrest the cell cycle.SCV may inhibit the expression of p65 and Bcl-2,thereby lifting their inhibitory effect on the apoptotic pathway and activating Caspase-3 to promote apoptosis.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the minimum-cost-path-based CT angiography-derived fractional flow reserve(MCP-FFR)and the deep learning-driven CT angiography-derived fractional flow reserve(DeepCL-FFR),and to particularly explore the potential value of the DeepCL algorithm in improving diagnostic accuracy within the"gray zone."Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 151 coronary vessels from 109 patients with coronary artery disease,who were hospitalized at the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army between January 2020 and June 2021.Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman plots were employed to assess the correlation and agreement of the two CT-FFR methods with invasive FFR.A CT-FFR range of 0.70-0.80 was defined as the diagnostic"gray zone."The accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value for detecting hemodynamic abnormalities were calculated and analyzed.The DeLong test was used to compare the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUC)between the two CT-FFR calculation methods.Results Both CT-FFR methods exhibited a positive correlation with invasive FFR(MCP-FFR:r=0.75,P＜0.001;DeepCL-FFR:r=0.86,P＜0.001)and showed good agreement(MCP-FFR:mean difference=0.010,P=0.351;DeepCL-FFR:mean difference=-0.003,P=0.772).Both DeepCL-FFR(AUC 0.97,95％CI 0.94-0.99)and MCP-FFR(AUC 0.92,95％CI 0.88-0.97)demonstrated favorable diagnostic performance for detecting hemodynamic abnormalities(P=0.122).In the"gray zone"for hemodynamic abnormality,the diagnostic accuracy of MCP-FFR was 68.8％,whereas DeepCL-FFR increased it to 89.7％.DeepCL-FFR also exhibited superior diagnostic performance(AUC 0.89,95％CI 0.73-0.99)within the"gray zone,"which was significantly higher than that of MCP-FFR(AUC 0.71,95％CI 0.54-0.87)(P＜0.001).Conclusions The deep learning-driven coronary centerline extraction algorithm,DeepCL,demonstrates superior diagnostic performance in CT-FFR for detecting hemodynamic abnormalities,particularly by significantly improving diagnostic accuracy in the"gray zone."

AIM:To investigate the protective ef-fect of midazolam(MID)on cardiac function and angiogenesis in myocardial infarction(MI)rats and its effect on c-Jun N-terminal kinase-signal trans-ducer and activator of transcription 3(JNK/STAT3)pathway.METHODS:MI rat model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation method.A total of 68 rats were modeled.After ex-cluding the rats that died(n=3,mortality rate≈4.4％)or failed modeling(n=5),the 60 MI rats in-cluded in this experiment were randomly divided in-to the model group(Model group),MID low,medi-um and high dose group(1 mg/kg MID-L group,3 mg/kg MID-M group,6 mg/kg MID-H group),MID high dose+JNK activator Anisomycin group(6 mg/kg MID-H+Anisomycin group),12 rats in each group.Another 12 rats undergoing sham surgery were selected as the control group.All rats were echocardiographic and evaluated for cardiac func-tion.The myocardial tissue pathological morpholo-gy and the myocardial fibrosis degree were ob-served by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and Mas-son staining.The serum myocardial injury markers[creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB)and brain na-triuretic peptide(BNP)]and inflammatory factors[tumor necrosis fa ctor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and C-reactive protein(CRP)],myocardial tis-sue oxidative stress indicators[malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and reduced glutathione(GSH)]levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),vascular endothe-lial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2),p-JNK,JNK,p-STAT3 and STAT3 proteins expression levels were detected by Protein blot method(Western blot).RE-SULTS:Compared with Control group,the myocar-dial tissue damage degree in Model group was more severe,the myocardial interstitial fibrosis de-gree was greatly deepened,the collagen volume fraction was significantly increased,the left ventric-ular end-systolic diameter(LVESD),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),CK-MB,BNP,CRP,TNF-α,IL-1β and MDA levels were significantly in-creased,the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular short axis shortening rate(LVFS),GSH and SOD levels were significantly de-creased,and the VEGF,VEGFR2 proteins expression levels were significantly decreased,the p-JNK/JNK and p-STAT3/STAT3 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with Model group,with the MID dose increase,the myocardial tissue damage de-gree in MID-L,MID-M and MID-H groups was signif-icantly reduced,the myocardial interstitial fibrosis degree was reduced,the collagen volume fraction was decreased,the LVESD,LVEDD,CK-MB,BNP,CRP,TNF-α,IL-1β and MDA levels were significantly decreased,the LVEF,LVFS,GSH and SOD levels were significantly increased,and the VEGF,VEGF2R protein expression levels were significantly in-creased,p-JNK/JNK and p-STAT3/STAT3 were signifi-cantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with MID-H group,the myocardial tissue damage degree in MID-H+Anisomycin group was more severe,the myocardial interstitial fibrosis degree was greatly deepened,the collagen volume fraction was signifi-cantly increased,the cardiac function was weak-ened,the oxidative stress and inflammation were aggravated,LVESD,LVEDD,CK-MB,BNP,CRP,TNF-α,IL-1β and MDA levels were increased,the LVEF,LVFS,GSH,SOD,VEGF and VEGFR2 proteins expres-sion levels were significantly decreased,p-JNK/JNK and p-STAT3/STAT3 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:MID may improve myocardial tissue damage in MI rats by regulating JNK/STAT3 pathway,reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response,promote angiogenesis,so as to play a role in cardiac protection.

This study aims to reveal the effect and mechanism of Gentianella turkestanorum total extract(GTI) in ameliorating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was employed to identify the chemical components in GTI. SwissTarget-Prediction, GeneCards, OMIM, and TTD were utilized to screen the targets of GTI components and NASH. The common targets shared by GTI components and NASH were filtered through the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.9.0 to identify core targets, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. AutoDock was used for molecular docking of key components with core targets. A mouse model of NASH was established with a methionine-choline-deficient high-fat diet. A 4-week drug intervention was conducted, during which mouse weight was monitored, and the liver-to-brain ratio was measured at the end. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Sirius red staining, and oil red O staining were employed to observe the pathological changes in the liver tissue. The levels of various biomarkers, including aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), hydroxyproline(HYP), total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and glutathione(GSH), in the serum and liver tissue were determined. RT-qPCR was conducted to measure the mRNA levels of interleukin 1β(IL-1β), interleukin 6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), collagen type I α1 chain(COL1A1), and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA). Western blotting was conducted to determine the protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and potential drug targets identified through network pharmacology. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS identified 581 chemical components of GTI, and 534 targets of GTI and 1 157 targets of NASH were screened out. The topological analysis of the common targets shared by GTI and NASH identified core targets such as IL-1β, IL-6, protein kinase B(AKT), TNF, and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma(PPARG). GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the ameliorating effect of GTI on NASH was related to inflammatory responses and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway. The staining results demonstrated that GTI ameliorated hepatocyte vacuolation, swelling, ballooning, and lipid accumulation in NASH mice. Compared with the model group, high doses of GTI reduced the AST, ALT, HYP, TC, and TG levels(P<0.01) while increasing the HDL-C, SOD, and GSH levels(P<0.01). RT-qPCR results showed that GTI down-regulated the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COL1A1, and α-SMA(P<0.01). Western blot results indicated that GTI down-regulated the protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K), phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT), phosphorylated inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B alpha(p-IκBα), and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)(P<0.01). In summary, GTI ameliorates inflammation, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress associated with NASH by regulating the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Animals ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/genetics* ; Mice ; Network Pharmacology ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Liver/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Molecular Docking Simulation

To improve the quality evaluation system of Hibisci Mutabilis Folium, this study established high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprints of Hibisci Mutabilis Folium and evaluated the quality differences of medicinal materials from different places of production by chemometrics. Furthermore, a content measurement method of differential components was established based on quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker(QAMS). The fingerprints of 17 batches of Hibisci Mutabilis Folium from different places of production were constructed, with a total of 19 common peaks marked and seven components confirmed. The similarity between the sample fingerprints and the reference fingerprints ranged from 0.890 to 0.974. By utilizing principal component analysis(PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA), and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA), the chemical patterns of fingerprints were identified. Five components that could be used to evaluate the quality differences of Hibisci Mutabilis Folium were screened, namely peak 6(quercetin 3-O-β-robinobioside), peak 7(rutin), peak 9(kaempferol-3-O-β-robinobioside), peak 10(kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside), and peak 14(tiliroside). The relative correction factors of isoquercitrin, kaempferol-3-O-β-robinobioside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside, and tiliroside were measured with rutin as the internal reference. The QAMS method was established for the content measurement of six flavonoids, and the results showed there was no significant difference compared to the results obtained by an external standard method. In summary, the HPLC fingerprints and QAMS method established in the study, demonstrating stability and accuracy, can provide a reference for the overall quality evaluation of Hibisci Mutabilis Folium.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Quality Control ; Principal Component Analysis

AIM:To investigate the protective ef-fect of midazolam(MID)on cardiac function and angiogenesis in myocardial infarction(MI)rats and its effect on c-Jun N-terminal kinase-signal trans-ducer and activator of transcription 3(JNK/STAT3)pathway.METHODS:MI rat model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation method.A total of 68 rats were modeled.After ex-cluding the rats that died(n=3,mortality rate≈4.4％)or failed modeling(n=5),the 60 MI rats in-cluded in this experiment were randomly divided in-to the model group(Model group),MID low,medi-um and high dose group(1 mg/kg MID-L group,3 mg/kg MID-M group,6 mg/kg MID-H group),MID high dose+JNK activator Anisomycin group(6 mg/kg MID-H+Anisomycin group),12 rats in each group.Another 12 rats undergoing sham surgery were selected as the control group.All rats were echocardiographic and evaluated for cardiac func-tion.The myocardial tissue pathological morpholo-gy and the myocardial fibrosis degree were ob-served by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and Mas-son staining.The serum myocardial injury markers[creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB)and brain na-triuretic peptide(BNP)]and inflammatory factors[tumor necrosis fa ctor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and C-reactive protein(CRP)],myocardial tis-sue oxidative stress indicators[malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and reduced glutathione(GSH)]levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),vascular endothe-lial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2),p-JNK,JNK,p-STAT3 and STAT3 proteins expression levels were detected by Protein blot method(Western blot).RE-SULTS:Compared with Control group,the myocar-dial tissue damage degree in Model group was more severe,the myocardial interstitial fibrosis de-gree was greatly deepened,the collagen volume fraction was significantly increased,the left ventric-ular end-systolic diameter(LVESD),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),CK-MB,BNP,CRP,TNF-α,IL-1β and MDA levels were significantly in-creased,the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular short axis shortening rate(LVFS),GSH and SOD levels were significantly de-creased,and the VEGF,VEGFR2 proteins expression levels were significantly decreased,the p-JNK/JNK and p-STAT3/STAT3 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with Model group,with the MID dose increase,the myocardial tissue damage de-gree in MID-L,MID-M and MID-H groups was signif-icantly reduced,the myocardial interstitial fibrosis degree was reduced,the collagen volume fraction was decreased,the LVESD,LVEDD,CK-MB,BNP,CRP,TNF-α,IL-1β and MDA levels were significantly decreased,the LVEF,LVFS,GSH and SOD levels were significantly increased,and the VEGF,VEGF2R protein expression levels were significantly in-creased,p-JNK/JNK and p-STAT3/STAT3 were signifi-cantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with MID-H group,the myocardial tissue damage degree in MID-H+Anisomycin group was more severe,the myocardial interstitial fibrosis degree was greatly deepened,the collagen volume fraction was signifi-cantly increased,the cardiac function was weak-ened,the oxidative stress and inflammation were aggravated,LVESD,LVEDD,CK-MB,BNP,CRP,TNF-α,IL-1β and MDA levels were increased,the LVEF,LVFS,GSH,SOD,VEGF and VEGFR2 proteins expres-sion levels were significantly decreased,p-JNK/JNK and p-STAT3/STAT3 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:MID may improve myocardial tissue damage in MI rats by regulating JNK/STAT3 pathway,reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response,promote angiogenesis,so as to play a role in cardiac protection.