Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a group of chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder that attack the gastrointestinal tract,mainly categorized into two types:ulcerative colitis and Crohn′s disease.Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of IBD is complex,involving genetic,microbial,immune response,and environmental factors.Among them,the abnormal activation of the immune system,including immune cells,cytokines,and cell-to-cell interactions,as well as the alterations of the immune microenvironment,play a key role in the pathogenesis of IBD.This article reviewed the regulatory role and mechanism of immune microenvironmental changes in IBD,with the aim of providing new ideas and research direction for the formulation of immunotherapy regimens for IBD.

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a group of chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder that attack the gastrointestinal tract,mainly categorized into two types:ulcerative colitis and Crohn′s disease.Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of IBD is complex,involving genetic,microbial,immune response,and environmental factors.Among them,the abnormal activation of the immune system,including immune cells,cytokines,and cell-to-cell interactions,as well as the alterations of the immune microenvironment,play a key role in the pathogenesis of IBD.This article reviewed the regulatory role and mechanism of immune microenvironmental changes in IBD,with the aim of providing new ideas and research direction for the formulation of immunotherapy regimens for IBD.