Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic value of an abbreviated protocol MRI(AP-MRI)based on first post-contrast subtracted(FAST)images for breast cancer detection.Materials and Methods This study included imaging data from 160 female patients with solid breast lesions who underwent breast MRI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from April 2021 to January 2024.Two AP-MRI protocols were extracted from the full diagnostic protocol(FDP),including:dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI(DCE-MRI)A protocol:FAST and maximum-intensity projection(MIP)images,and DCE-MRI B protocol:FAST+MIP+diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI).Lesions categorized as breast imaging reporting and data system(BI-RADS)1-3 were classified as negative,and those categorized as BI-RADS 4-5 were classified as positive.Pathological findings served as the diagnostic gold standard.Two radiologists independently evaluated the lesions as negative/positive and compared with the gold standard.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the three protocols were compared.Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated for each protocol,and the area under the curve(AUC)was compared.Results The accuracy of the three protocols showed statistically significant differences(Cochran's Qreader1=6.000,P=0.050;Cochran's Qreader2=10.909,P=0.012).The accuracy of the DCE-MRI A protocol was significantly lower than that of the FDP protocol(Z=2.449,Preader1=0.043;Z=2.858,Preader2=0.013).There were no statistically significant differences in sensitivity(Cochran's Qreader1=3.000,P=0.223;Cochran's Qreader2=2.667,P=0.264)or specificity(Cochran's Qreader1=3.000,P=0.223;Cochran's Qreader2=2.800,P=0.247)between the two AP-MRI protocols and the FDP protocol.There were no statistically significant differences in AUC between the DCE-MRI B protocol and the FDP protocol(Z=1.390-1.719,all P>0.05),while the AUC of the DCE-MRI A protocol had lower AUCs than the FDP protocol(Z=1.980,2.441;both P<0.05).Conclusion The AP-MRI protocol combining FAST,MIP and DWI shows diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of the FDP and greatly saves time and cost,suggesting its potential as an alternative imaging strategy for women with dense breasts and as a new diagnostic approach for high-risk populations.

Tibetan sheep,the main domestic animal raised in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region,are a source of human plague transmission.In the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region,Tibetan sheep are considered valuable breeding resources,because of their large body size and high adaptability to high-altitude environments.In recent years,many pastoral areas,particularly those with marmot plague sources,have improved the structure of sheep breeds through pure breeding of Tibetan sheep or hybridization with Tibetan sheep to improve breed quality.The scale of breeding of Tibetan sheep or hybrid sheep is increasing,and their participation in the spread of plague poses a severe challenge to plague prevention and control.This article provides a comprehensive review of the current status of Tibetan sheep plague and related research progress,to provide a theoretical basis for further exploration and research on plague infection and transmission in Tibetan sheep and hybrid sheep.The findings will be critical for conducting risk assessment of Ti-betan sheep plague in marmot plague source areas,enhancing monitoring and early warning capabilities,formulating and implement-ing risk control measures,and strictly preventing the occurrence and spread of human plague.

In order to promote the construction of a multi-point trigger intelligent surveillance and early warning system of the plague in China, the development process, application practice, advantages, and limitations of the plague surveillance and early warning system in China and its role in plague prevention and control are reviewed and analyzed. It is suggested to include multiple departments, carry out a multi-channel monitoring mechanism for plague from different perspectives, further improve the plague surveillance and early warning system, and enhance surveillance and early warning capability.

Tibetan sheep,the main domestic animal raised in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region,are a source of human plague transmission.In the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region,Tibetan sheep are considered valuable breeding resources,because of their large body size and high adaptability to high-altitude environments.In recent years,many pastoral areas,particularly those with marmot plague sources,have improved the structure of sheep breeds through pure breeding of Tibetan sheep or hybridization with Tibetan sheep to improve breed quality.The scale of breeding of Tibetan sheep or hybrid sheep is increasing,and their participation in the spread of plague poses a severe challenge to plague prevention and control.This article provides a comprehensive review of the current status of Tibetan sheep plague and related research progress,to provide a theoretical basis for further exploration and research on plague infection and transmission in Tibetan sheep and hybrid sheep.The findings will be critical for conducting risk assessment of Ti-betan sheep plague in marmot plague source areas,enhancing monitoring and early warning capabilities,formulating and implement-ing risk control measures,and strictly preventing the occurrence and spread of human plague.

In order to promote the construction of a multi-point trigger intelligent surveillance and early warning system of the plague in China, the development process, application practice, advantages, and limitations of the plague surveillance and early warning system in China and its role in plague prevention and control are reviewed and analyzed. It is suggested to include multiple departments, carry out a multi-channel monitoring mechanism for plague from different perspectives, further improve the plague surveillance and early warning system, and enhance surveillance and early warning capability.

Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic value of an abbreviated protocol MRI(AP-MRI)based on first post-contrast subtracted(FAST)images for breast cancer detection.Materials and Methods This study included imaging data from 160 female patients with solid breast lesions who underwent breast MRI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from April 2021 to January 2024.Two AP-MRI protocols were extracted from the full diagnostic protocol(FDP),including:dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI(DCE-MRI)A protocol:FAST and maximum-intensity projection(MIP)images,and DCE-MRI B protocol:FAST+MIP+diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI).Lesions categorized as breast imaging reporting and data system(BI-RADS)1-3 were classified as negative,and those categorized as BI-RADS 4-5 were classified as positive.Pathological findings served as the diagnostic gold standard.Two radiologists independently evaluated the lesions as negative/positive and compared with the gold standard.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the three protocols were compared.Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated for each protocol,and the area under the curve(AUC)was compared.Results The accuracy of the three protocols showed statistically significant differences(Cochran's Qreader1=6.000,P=0.050;Cochran's Qreader2=10.909,P=0.012).The accuracy of the DCE-MRI A protocol was significantly lower than that of the FDP protocol(Z=2.449,Preader1=0.043;Z=2.858,Preader2=0.013).There were no statistically significant differences in sensitivity(Cochran's Qreader1=3.000,P=0.223;Cochran's Qreader2=2.667,P=0.264)or specificity(Cochran's Qreader1=3.000,P=0.223;Cochran's Qreader2=2.800,P=0.247)between the two AP-MRI protocols and the FDP protocol.There were no statistically significant differences in AUC between the DCE-MRI B protocol and the FDP protocol(Z=1.390-1.719,all P>0.05),while the AUC of the DCE-MRI A protocol had lower AUCs than the FDP protocol(Z=1.980,2.441;both P<0.05).Conclusion The AP-MRI protocol combining FAST,MIP and DWI shows diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of the FDP and greatly saves time and cost,suggesting its potential as an alternative imaging strategy for women with dense breasts and as a new diagnostic approach for high-risk populations.

Purpose To construct and validate a machine learning-based diagnostic model for distinguishing between Mycobacterium avium-intracellular complex pulmonary disease(MAC-PD)and pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)via chest CT images.Materials and Methods Retrospective data from patients diagnosed with MAC-PD and PTB between May 2021 and August 2022 at Beijing Chest Hospital,Capital Medical University,which were collected as the training set.The prospective external validation set was obtained from patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine between September 2022 and May 2023.Clinical and radiological data were analyzed,and multivariable logistic regression,random forest and support vector machine(SVM)models were established and externally validated using the validation set.The diagnostic performance of models were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve and precision-recall curve,and the differences of the areas under the curve of various models were compared via the Delong test.Results There were significant differences in age and hemoptysis rate between the two groups(t=30.414,P<0.001;χ2=6.186,P=0.013).There were statistically significant differences in cavity types and morphology between the two groups(χ2=6.546,P=0.011;χ2=24.113,P<0.001),but there was no significant difference in the distribution and characteristics of cavitary lesions(P>0.05).There were significant differences in the types and distribution of bronchiectasis between the two groups(χ2=4.634,P=0.031;χ2=23.145,P<0.001).Compared with logistic regression and random forest models,the SVM model had better differential diagnostic performance,and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve,sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 0.960(95%CI 0.935-0.985),85.7%,93.6%,90.5%,93.3%,88.0%and 0.885(95%CI 0.803-0.967),respectively,76.7%,80.0%,78.3%,79.3%,77.4%.The precision-recall curve showed that the SVM model had high precision and low recall,that was,the model performs well.Conclusion The machine learning-based models exhibits excellent diagnostic performance and can assist in differentiating MAC-PD and PTB.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors for 6-month prognosis of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of the 133 patients with TSCI who had been admitted to Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University from January 2017 to August 2021. The patients with TSCI were categorized into an improved group ( n=82) and a non-improved group ( n=51) according to the improvements in the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grading between admission and 6 months after injury. To identify the risk factors that might affect the prognosis of TSCI patients at 6 months after injury, univariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted of indicators such as gender, age, length of MRI spinal cord signal change, maximum canal compromise (MCC), maximum spinal cord compression (MSCC), brain and spinal cord injury center(BASIC)score, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) within 3 days after injury, ASIA grading within 3 days after injury, mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 3 days after operation, and presence of complications. Results:The univariate analysis showed significant differences between the improved and non-improved groups in length of MRI spinal cord signal change, MCC, MSCC, BASIC, NLR within 3 days after injury, ASIA grading within 3 days after injury, MAP at 3 days after operation, and presence of complications (all P<0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that NLR ( OR=0.463, 95% CI: 0.287 to 0.748, P=0.002) and ASIA grading ( OR=11.684, 95% CI: 1.684 to 81.086, P=0.013) within 3 days after injury, as well as MAP at 3 days after operation ( OR=2.224, 95% CI: 1.306 to 3.787, P=0.003), were risk factors affecting the 6-month prognosis in TSCI patients. Conclusion:The NLR and ASIA grading within 3 days after injury, and MAP at 3 days after operation are risk factors that may affect the prognosis of TSCI patients at 6 months after injury.

Objective:To understand the commercial homosexual behavior characteristics of men who have sex with men (MSM) and the factors associated with unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) in this population, and provide reference for the development of intervention strategy in MSM.Methods:Men who were aged ≥16 years and had anal sex with men in the past 6 months were recruited through internet in Fuzhou from January to December 2023 for a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 283. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of UAI in the past 6 months in MSM. The SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:In 4 484 MSM, the proportion of those with commercial homosexual behaviors was 9.59% (430/4 484), the average age was (27.00±9.07) years. In the MSM with commercial homosexual behaviors, 70.00% (301/430) had anal sex in the past one week, and 43.02% (185/430) had anal sex with more than 10 partners in the past 6 months. The proportion of MSM with UAI was 75.58% (325/430) in the past 6 months. The results of multivariate analysis showed showed that in MSM with commercial homosexual behaviors in the past 6 months, compared with those who were students, age >18 years at the first sexual intercourse, had not anal sex in the past one week, and anal sex with less than 10 partners in the past 6 months, the risk for UAI was higher in those who were not students (a OR=1.99,95% CI:1.18-3.36), those who were aged ≤18 years at first sexual intercourse sex (a OR=2.04,95% CI:1.26-3.29), those who had anal sex in the past one week (a OR=2.04,95% CI:1.25-3.33), and those who had anal sex with more than 10 partners in the past 6 months (a OR=1.97,95% CI:1.16-3.35). Conclusions:The risk for UAI was high in MSM with commercial homosexual behaviors in Fuzhou, so it is necessary to improve the awareness of safe sex and promote sex with regular partners and condom use, and preventing drug abuse in MSM.

Purpose To investigate the clinical value of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid(Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI for the preoperative evaluation of colorectal cancer liver metastases(CRCLM).Materials and Methods Fifty-six CRCLM patients with 156 CRCLM lesions confirmed by surgical pathology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from September 2019 to March 2023 were collected,and all underwent dynamic Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI.The characteristic manifestations of T2WI,diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI),arterial phase and hepatobiliary phase(HBP)were observed,and the detection rate of each sequence was calculated,and then the signal intensity ratio of lesions to liver parenchyma on HBP and the apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)were calculated.The ADC values of lesions with reversed target and target signs and lesions with homogeneous and heterogeneous hypointensity on HBP and the detection rate of each sequence were compared.Results Among 156 CRCLM lesions,20.51%(32/156)and 38.46%(60/156)exhibited a target appearance on T2WI,51.28%(80/156)displayed a target sign on DWI,73.72%(115/156)showed rim enhancement on the arterial phase,and 34.62%(54/156)presented a target sign on HBP.The mean ADC value of lesions with reversed target and target signs on HBP did not significantly differ from that of lesions with homogeneous and heterogeneous hypointensity on HBP[(0.98±0.43)×10-3 mm2/s vs.(1.01±0.47)×10-3 mm2/s;t=-0.340,P=0.327].Based on the size of CRCLM lesions,three groups were categorized,including<1.0 cm(41 lesions),1.0-2.0 cm(55 lesions),and>2.0 cm(60 lesions).The overall detection rate of HBP(96.79%)was the highest compared with T2WI,DWI and Gd-EOB-DTPA four-phase dynamic contrast-enhanced multiphase imaging(P<0.05).Regarding<1.0 cm lesions,the detection rate of HBP(87.80%)was superior to that of T2WI,DWI and Gd-EOB-DTPA four-phase dynamic contrast-enhanced multiphase imaging(P<0.05).Conclusion Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI has important clinical value for the preoperative evaluation of CRCLM,especially the features of target sign or reversed target sign on HBP and the excellent efficacy of detecting microscopic lesions.