ObjectiveTo systematically investigate the medication rules of chicken-derived medicinals for treating children enuresis in ancient Chinese medical classicals. MethodsThe China Medical Classics V5.0 database was searched to identify formulas and passages containing chicken-derived medicinals for pediatric enuresis. A database was established using Microsoft Excel 2021 to extract information including formulas， therapeutic categories， natures， flavors， channel entry， processing methods， dosage forms， and administration methods. Frequency analysis was performed， while association rule analysis and cluster analysis were conducted using R software. Gephi 0.10.1 software was used for complex network analysis. ResultsA total of 171 records were included， comprising 36 single-herb formulas and 135 compound formulas， sourced from 64 classical medical monographs. The identified chicken-derived medicinals included jichang （Intestinum Galli）， jineijin （Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli）， jigan （Gallina Hepar）， jishibai （Faeces Galli Albi）， jisu （Ingluvies Galli）， jiheling （Pluma Alae Galli）， and jiweimao （Chicken tail feathers）. The top three frequently used single herbs were jichang （17 times）， jineijin （8 times）， and jiheling （5 times）. Among compound prescriptions， the three most frequently recorded formulas were Jineijin Powder （鸡内金散， 43 times）， Jichang Powder （鸡肠散， 25 times）， and Guigan Pills （桂肝丸， 24 times）， with jineijin， jichang， and jigan being the predominant chicken-derived medicinals. When converting the daily dosage of chicken-derived medicines into modern dosage units， the dose ranged from 0.53 g to 33.57 g for jineijin， with 4.48 g being the most frequently used dose， and from 0.25 g to 30.00 g for jichang， with 17.90 g being the most frequently used dose. Chicken-derived medicinals were mostly used after processing， commonly employing burning （68 times）， roasting/ stir-baking （37 times）， and calcining （24 times） to preserve properties. Powders （117 times）， pills （45 times）， and decoctions （9 times） were the principal dosage forms， and administration with wine （70 times） was the most common method. The most frequently used herbal pair was jineijin and roucongrong （Herba Cistanches）， while the core prescription combinations were Tusizi Powder （菟丝子散）， Yangshi Jichang Powder （杨氏鸡肠散）， and Rongxiang Pill （茸香丸）. ConclusionChicken-derived medicinals ， such as jichang and jineijin， are commonly processed by burning or roasting before use in the treatment of enuresis. They are often combined with longgu （Fossilia Ossis Mastodi）， muli （Concha Ostreae）， sangpiaoxiao （Oötheca Mantidis）， roucongrong and rougui （Cortex Cinnamomi） to warm and tonify the kidney qi， arrest enuresis and emission with astringents. Pills and powders are the predominant dosage forms and are commonly administered before meals with wine or salted water.

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanisms of Wenyang Huazhuo Formula （温阳化浊方， WHF） in improving reproductive aging from the perspective of the ovarian mechanical microenvironment. MethodsThe experiment included five groups， 3-month group （20 female mice at 3 months of age）， 6-month group （20 female mice at 6 months of age）， 6-month + WHF group （20 female mice at 5 months of age treated with WHF）， 9-month group （20 female mice at 9 months of age）， and 9-month + WHF group （20 female mice at 8 months of age treated with WHF）. The 6-month + WHF group and 9-month + WHF group were orally administered WHF 41.2 g/（kg·d） once daily for 4 consecutive weeks. The other three groups received no intervention. Reproductive hormone levels were measured by ELISA. HE staining was used to count the numbers of various stages of follicles. Ovarian hyaluronic acid （HA） content and collagen fiber content were measured to evaluate the ovarian mechanical microenvironment. Superovulation was performed to observe the number of eggs obtained， as well as the number of offspring and birth weight to assess fertility. The in vitro fertilization and blastocyst culture of oocytes from female offspring in each group were observed to evaluate the effect of WHF on offspring reproductive potential. ResultsCompared with the 3-month group， the 6-month group and 9-month group showed significantly decreased serum levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH）， follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， and luteinizing hormone （LH）， decreased ovarian collagen content， and reduced numbers of primordial and secondary follicles. In contrast， the numbers of primary follicles， antral follicles， and atretic follicles increased. The levels of anti-Müllerian hormone （AMH）， ovarian HA content， and the fertilization rate， cleavage rate， and blastocyst formation rate of oocytes from offspring were significantly lower （P＜0.05）. Compared with the 6-month group， the 6-month + WHF group showed significantly reduced serum levels of GnRH， FSH， and LH， with a significant decrease in primary follicles， antral follicles， and atretic follicles as well as increase of AMH levels， ovarian HA content， number of primordial and secondary follicle， egg count， and offspring birth weight （P＜0.05）. Compared with the 9-month group， the 9-month + WHF group exhibited reduced GnRH， FSH， and collagen fiber content， as well as reduced number of primary follicles， antral follicles， and atretic follicles. However， AMH levels， ovarian HA content， number of primordial and secondary follicle， egg count， offspring numbers， birth weight， fertilization rate， cleavage rate， and blastocyst formation rate of oocytes from offspring all significantly increased （P＜0.05）. ConclusionWHF can significantly improve the ovarian reserve， fertility， and reproductive potential in offspring during reproductive mid-life and late-life stages. Its effect may be related to the remodeling of the mechanical microenvironment of aging ovaries. Moreover， the effect on the mechanical microenvironment remodeling of late-stage ovaries and the improvement of the offspring reproductive potential is more significant.

Objective:To explore the association between greenspace morphology and the risk of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Shandong Province.Methods:The SFTS cases data and land use data in Shandong province from 2018 to 2022 were collected, 6 landscape indices were calculated through Fragstats 4.2 software, and a negative binomial regression model was used to quantitatively evaluate the effect. Meteorological and socioeconomic factors during the same period were controlled as covariates. Subgroup analysis were conducted by age, gender and occupation. The percentage of relative risk[(RR-1)×100%] with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used as effect estimates. Results:There was a significant association between greenspace morphology and the risk of SFTS. Every 1% increase in the percentage, the mean area, fragmentation, aggregation, connectedness, and complexity of the shape of greenspace will lead to an increase in the risk of SFTS by 4.28% (95% CI: 2.88%-5.68%), 3.56% (95% CI: 1.06%-6.12%), 2.43% (95% CI: 1.38%-3.61%), 2.22% (95% CI: 1.39%-3.11%), 0.41% (95% CI: 0.26%-0.56%), 0.26% (95% CI: 0.10%-0.41%), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the association between greenspace morphology and the risk of SFTS among different age and occupational subgroups. The elderly and farmers were the more susceptible to the changes in the percentage of greenspace and the complexity of the shape of greenspace. Conclusions:Greenspace morphology is related to the risk of SFTS. The elderly and farmers are vulnerable populations.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of blood flow parameters of carotid ultrasound combined with serum Sortilin and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) for stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP). Methods:A total of 100 CAP patients who admitted to Rugao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected,and they were divided into a stable plaque group (n=54) and a unstable plaque group (n=46). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to determine the expression levels of serum Sortilin and PON-1 of patients in two groups. Multi factor logistic regression was implemented to analyze the influencing factors on CAP stability. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of blood flow parameters of carotid ultrasound combined with Sortilin and PON-1 on CAP stability. Results:Compared with the end diastolic blood flow velocity (EDV) and intima-media thickness (IMT) of stable plaque group,unstable plaque group showed increased EDV and IMT,and decreased PSV,and the differences were significant (t=7.536,4.680,5.487,P<0.05),respectively. Compared with stable plaque group,the serum Sortilin level in unstable plaque group significantly increased,while the PON-1 level significantly decreased,and the differences of them were significant (t=8.362,5.581,P<0.05),respectively. Multivariate logistic analysis found that Sortilin was a risk factor that affected CAP stability (OR=3.165,P<0.05),while PON-1 was a protective factor that affected CAP stability (OR=0.765,P<0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under curve (AUC) values of single Sortilin,PON-1,EDV,IMT,PSV,and the combination of them were respectively 0.788 (95％CI:0.695-0.864),0.814 (95％CI:0.724-0.885),0.847 (95％ CI:0.761-0.911),0.767 (95％ CI:0.672-0.846),0.707 (95％ CI:0.607-0.793) and 0.963 (95％ CI:0.839-0.907). The AUC value of the combination of above 5 indicators was highest,which was better than that of each single indicator,and its sensitivity and specificity were respectively 95.65％ and 83.33％. Conclusion:The EDV,IMT and PSV of blood flow parameters of ultrasound can provide CAP information of morphology and hemodynamics,and serum Sortilin level and PON-1 level can reflect the biological processes of formation and development of CAP. The combined detection of the five indicators can better diagnose CAP stability.

Objective:To translate the quality of life tool for patients with aplastic anaemia and paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (QLQ-AA/PNH) into Chinese, and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:According to the scale translation principle, the Chinese version of QLQ-AA/PNH was formed through translation, back translation and cross-cultural adaptation. A cross-sectional survey method was used to conveniently select 58 patients with aplastic anemia who were treated in the hematology department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from January 2018 to September 2023 for investigation, and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Results:The Chinese version of QLQ-AA/PNH retains 36 items, and 5 common factors (psychological status dimension, life burden dimension, physical condition dimension, illness anxiety dimension and other symptom dimension) were extracted through exploratory factor analysis. The cumulative variance contribution rate reached 71.33%, and the factor load of each entry was greater than 0.5 on corresponding common factors. The Cronbach α coefficient of the scale as a whole was 0.971, the broken half reliability coefficient was 0.985, the Cronbach α coefficient of each common factor was 0.637 to 0.954, and the broken half reliability coefficient was 0.637 to 0.930. Conclusions:The Chinese version of QLQ-AA/PNH has been proved to be valid and reliable. It is a valuable tool for evaluating the quality of life among patients with aplastic anaemia.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of blood flow parameters of carotid ultrasound combined with serum Sortilin and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) for stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP). Methods:A total of 100 CAP patients who admitted to Rugao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected,and they were divided into a stable plaque group (n=54) and a unstable plaque group (n=46). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to determine the expression levels of serum Sortilin and PON-1 of patients in two groups. Multi factor logistic regression was implemented to analyze the influencing factors on CAP stability. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of blood flow parameters of carotid ultrasound combined with Sortilin and PON-1 on CAP stability. Results:Compared with the end diastolic blood flow velocity (EDV) and intima-media thickness (IMT) of stable plaque group,unstable plaque group showed increased EDV and IMT,and decreased PSV,and the differences were significant (t=7.536,4.680,5.487,P<0.05),respectively. Compared with stable plaque group,the serum Sortilin level in unstable plaque group significantly increased,while the PON-1 level significantly decreased,and the differences of them were significant (t=8.362,5.581,P<0.05),respectively. Multivariate logistic analysis found that Sortilin was a risk factor that affected CAP stability (OR=3.165,P<0.05),while PON-1 was a protective factor that affected CAP stability (OR=0.765,P<0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under curve (AUC) values of single Sortilin,PON-1,EDV,IMT,PSV,and the combination of them were respectively 0.788 (95％CI:0.695-0.864),0.814 (95％CI:0.724-0.885),0.847 (95％ CI:0.761-0.911),0.767 (95％ CI:0.672-0.846),0.707 (95％ CI:0.607-0.793) and 0.963 (95％ CI:0.839-0.907). The AUC value of the combination of above 5 indicators was highest,which was better than that of each single indicator,and its sensitivity and specificity were respectively 95.65％ and 83.33％. Conclusion:The EDV,IMT and PSV of blood flow parameters of ultrasound can provide CAP information of morphology and hemodynamics,and serum Sortilin level and PON-1 level can reflect the biological processes of formation and development of CAP. The combined detection of the five indicators can better diagnose CAP stability.

Objective:To explore the association between greenspace morphology and the risk of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Shandong Province.Methods:The SFTS cases data and land use data in Shandong province from 2018 to 2022 were collected, 6 landscape indices were calculated through Fragstats 4.2 software, and a negative binomial regression model was used to quantitatively evaluate the effect. Meteorological and socioeconomic factors during the same period were controlled as covariates. Subgroup analysis were conducted by age, gender and occupation. The percentage of relative risk[(RR-1)×100%] with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used as effect estimates. Results:There was a significant association between greenspace morphology and the risk of SFTS. Every 1% increase in the percentage, the mean area, fragmentation, aggregation, connectedness, and complexity of the shape of greenspace will lead to an increase in the risk of SFTS by 4.28% (95% CI: 2.88%-5.68%), 3.56% (95% CI: 1.06%-6.12%), 2.43% (95% CI: 1.38%-3.61%), 2.22% (95% CI: 1.39%-3.11%), 0.41% (95% CI: 0.26%-0.56%), 0.26% (95% CI: 0.10%-0.41%), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the association between greenspace morphology and the risk of SFTS among different age and occupational subgroups. The elderly and farmers were the more susceptible to the changes in the percentage of greenspace and the complexity of the shape of greenspace. Conclusions:Greenspace morphology is related to the risk of SFTS. The elderly and farmers are vulnerable populations.

Objective:To investigate the sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody and influencing factors in cross-border couples in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture(Dehong).Methods:A cohort design was used to recruit HIV-negative people in cross-border couples in Dehong in 2017. Follow-up was conducted in 2023, and questionnaire survey and HIV test were carried out to calculate the sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the influence factors for HIV infections.Results:A total of 36 278 HIV-negative persons in cross-border couples were included in the 2017 baseline survey, of whom 22 438 (61.9%) were tested in follow-up in 2023. The sero-conversion rate between 2017 and 2023 was 0.51% (115/22 438). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that length of marriage <6 years, Jingpo ethnic group, education level of primary school or below, drug use, illegal marriage and HIV infected spouse were the risk factors of HIV infection in male spouses, and length of marriage <6 years, Jingpo ethnic group, illegal marriage and HIV infected spouse were the risk factors in female spouses.Conclusions:The sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody in cross-border couples in Dehong was relatively high. HIV infection was mainly caused by secondary transmission in the couples, and men might also be infected through drug use. It is necessary to strengthen the registration and management of cross-border couples, especially the couples with discordant HIV infection status, and the intervention in drug users to reduce the risk for secondary transmission of HIV in the cross-border couples.

Objective:To investigate the sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody and influencing factors in cross-border couples in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture(Dehong).Methods:A cohort design was used to recruit HIV-negative people in cross-border couples in Dehong in 2017. Follow-up was conducted in 2023, and questionnaire survey and HIV test were carried out to calculate the sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the influence factors for HIV infections.Results:A total of 36 278 HIV-negative persons in cross-border couples were included in the 2017 baseline survey, of whom 22 438 (61.9%) were tested in follow-up in 2023. The sero-conversion rate between 2017 and 2023 was 0.51% (115/22 438). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that length of marriage <6 years, Jingpo ethnic group, education level of primary school or below, drug use, illegal marriage and HIV infected spouse were the risk factors of HIV infection in male spouses, and length of marriage <6 years, Jingpo ethnic group, illegal marriage and HIV infected spouse were the risk factors in female spouses.Conclusions:The sero-conversion rate of HIV antibody in cross-border couples in Dehong was relatively high. HIV infection was mainly caused by secondary transmission in the couples, and men might also be infected through drug use. It is necessary to strengthen the registration and management of cross-border couples, especially the couples with discordant HIV infection status, and the intervention in drug users to reduce the risk for secondary transmission of HIV in the cross-border couples.