Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of male genital system lympho-ma(MGSL).Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological and immunophenotypic features and prognosis of 80 ca-ses of MGSL.Results:The onset age of the MGSL patients ranged from 4 to 85(median 62)years old.All the cases showed non-specificity of the imaging features and clinical manifestations.MGSL was located mainly in the testis(n=66),followed by the pros-tate(n=7),epididymis(n=3),scrotum(n=3)and penile glans(n=1).Diffused large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL)was the most common pathological type(n=62),next came extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)(n=7)and other rare types(n=12).During the 1-112-month follow-up of 10 of the 19 patients,1 died at 1 month af-ter diagnosed with prostatic B-lymphoblastic lymphoma(B-LBL)and another 1 died at 50 months after diagnosed with testicular DLBCL.Conclusion:MGSL is rare clinically,mainly of the DLBCL type pathologically,lacking specificity in clinical symptoms and imaging manifestation.The definite diagnosis of the malignancy depends on histopathology combined with related molecular exami-nation and immunohistochemical labeling,and R-CHOP chemotherapy is the first choice for its treatment.

Objective:To explore the relationship between suicide attempts,school bullying,and psychological resilience in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD)and school bullying and psychological resilience.Methods:A total of 784 patients with MDD aged 10 to 18 years were included.The Chinese version of the Olweus Bullying Victimization Questionnaire,Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale,and a suicide attempt assessment were utilized to evaluate school bullying,psychological resilience,and suicide attempt.Stepwise logistic regression was applied to identify the associated factors of suicide attempts.Results:The occurrence of suicide at-tempts in children and adolescents with MDD was positively associated with physical bullying(OR=1.85,95％CI:1.14-3.02)and indirect bullying(OR=1.48,95％CI:1.06-2.04),and negatively associated with higher levels of goal focus(OR=0.62,95％CI:0.45-0.85)and positive cognition(OR=0.62,95％CI:0.45-0.85)at higher levels.Conclusion:Bullying significantly increases the risk of suicide attempts in children and adolescents with MDD,while higher psychological resilience could mitigate this risk.

Parkinson's disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative disorder whose core pathological feature is the abnormal accumulation of pathological α-synuclein(α-syn)in the brain,but there are rare clinical therapeutic modalities that target this.As a hot research topic in recent years,meningeal lymphatic vessels(MLVs)play an important role in central nervous system fluid(CNS)drainage,and can promote the exocytosis and clearance of metabolic wastes such as α-syn from the brain.Regulating the morphology and function of MLVs to promote α-syn exocytosis is likely to become an influential direction for future intervention in PD research and provide new approaches for the clinical therapy of PD.In this article,we will overview 3 aspects of the structure and function of MLVs,the role of MLVs in PD,and the strategy of targeting MLVs to treat PD.

Objective:To explore the relationship between suicide attempts,school bullying,and psychological resilience in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD)and school bullying and psychological resilience.Methods:A total of 784 patients with MDD aged 10 to 18 years were included.The Chinese version of the Olweus Bullying Victimization Questionnaire,Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale,and a suicide attempt assessment were utilized to evaluate school bullying,psychological resilience,and suicide attempt.Stepwise logistic regression was applied to identify the associated factors of suicide attempts.Results:The occurrence of suicide at-tempts in children and adolescents with MDD was positively associated with physical bullying(OR=1.85,95％CI:1.14-3.02)and indirect bullying(OR=1.48,95％CI:1.06-2.04),and negatively associated with higher levels of goal focus(OR=0.62,95％CI:0.45-0.85)and positive cognition(OR=0.62,95％CI:0.45-0.85)at higher levels.Conclusion:Bullying significantly increases the risk of suicide attempts in children and adolescents with MDD,while higher psychological resilience could mitigate this risk.

Parkinson's disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative disorder whose core pathological feature is the abnormal accumulation of pathological α-synuclein(α-syn)in the brain,but there are rare clinical therapeutic modalities that target this.As a hot research topic in recent years,meningeal lymphatic vessels(MLVs)play an important role in central nervous system fluid(CNS)drainage,and can promote the exocytosis and clearance of metabolic wastes such as α-syn from the brain.Regulating the morphology and function of MLVs to promote α-syn exocytosis is likely to become an influential direction for future intervention in PD research and provide new approaches for the clinical therapy of PD.In this article,we will overview 3 aspects of the structure and function of MLVs,the role of MLVs in PD,and the strategy of targeting MLVs to treat PD.

Objective To analyze the differences in bone serum protein between patients with osteoporosis accompanied by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS)and those with osteoporosis only using proteomics.Methods A total of 80 osteoporosis patients who attended our hospital between June 2022 and June 2024 were enrolled.Based on their polysomnography results,the participants were divided into an OSAS and osteoporosis comorbidity(OSAS-osteoporosis)group(n=42)and an osteoporosis only group(n=38).Propensity score matching was applied to incorporate covariates in logistic regression so that the individual characteristics of the two groups of patients were generally balanced.Following the matching procedure,a final cohort of 20 matched pairs was obtained and subsequently utilized for further analysis.The mass spectrum was obtained using laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry.Principal component analysis(PCA)was performed to assess differences in metabolic patterns between groups.Partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA)and orthogonal PLS-DA(OPLS-DA)were employed for further data analysis.Variable importance in projection(VIP)scores of each substance were calculated with OPLS-DA to screen the metabolites showing inter-group differences.Heatmaps were generated to visualize metabolic profile differences between the OSAS-osteoporosis group and the osteoporosis group.Enrichment pathway analysis was conducted on the differential identified metabolites.Results After propensity score matching,individual characteristics between the groups were well balanced.Mass spectrometry revealed significant differences between the OSAS-osteoporosis and osteoporosis groups.In the PCA score plot,the separation trend of the two groups was not significant.The PLS-DA score plot showed a discernible separation trend,with R2 and Q2 lower than those of the corresponding results of the real model,confirming the reliability of the model.OPLS-DA showed that the total R2X of the model was 0.635,R2Y was 0.879,and O2Y was 0.728,showing obvious separation trends between the two groups.A total of 16 differential metabolites were identified,including stearyl-oleyl-glycerol phosphate choline,phosphate choline,L-histidine,erucamide,2'-deoxyuridine,1-palmitoyl glycerol,thymine,tyramine,L-pyroglutamic acid,L-glutamic acid,myristate,glycerol-3-phosphate,caprylic acid,pregnenolone,L-arginine,D-4-hydroxyphenylglycine,and isobutyric acid.Heatmaps showed significant differences in metabolic profiles between the OSAS-osteoporosis group and the osteoporosis group.Pathway enrichment analysis showed that 27 metabolic pathways were involved.27 metabolic pathways.Under the conditions of P<0.05 and pathway impact>0.2,the three most significant metabolic pathways identified included mainly alanine,aspartate,and glutamate metabolism,arginine biosynthesis,and histidine metabolism.Conclusion Significant differences were observed in the metabolic profiles between patients with both OSAS and osteoporosis and those with osteoporosis alone.

Two methods including gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were established to detect common alkyl sulfonates and aryl sulfonates genotoxic impurities. Four alkyl sulfonates and methyl benzenesulfonate were determined by GC-MS/MS using butyl methanesulfonate as the internal standard, the chromatographic column was HP-5MS UI (30 mm × 0.25 mm, 0.25 µm), the carrier gas was helium, the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1 in a constant flow mode, the sample inlet temperature was set to 250 ℃, the split ratio was 10∶1, and the initial temperature of the heating program was 80 ℃, maintained for 1 minute, and then increased to 240 ℃ at a heating rate of 30 ℃·min^-1 for 2 minutes. The mass spectrometry detector was an electron bombardment ion source (EI source), the data collection condition was multi reaction monitoring mode (MRM), and method validation using the raw material of clinical drug citalopram hydrobromide as a sample. The results showed that the linear range of four alkyl sulfonates and methyl benzenesulfonate were good at 3-50 ng·mL^-1 and 9-150 ng·mL^-1, with a correlation coefficient of r > 0.999, The spiked recovery was 80%-120%. The detection limits were 1 and 3 ng·mL^-1; Ten aryl sulfonates determined by LC-MS/MS, the chromatographic column was CSH Fluoro phenyl (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm), the mobile phase was methanol (B)-5 mmol·L^-1 ammonium formate (D), with a flow rate of 0.2 mL·min^-1, and gradient elution was performed. The gradient program (T/% B) was set as 0/20, 25/90, 35/90, 42/20. The mass spectrometer detector was electro spray ionization with positive ionization mode (ESI⁺), the data collection was in dynamic multi reaction monitoring mode (dMRM), and the method was validated using the raw material of the clinical drug citalopram hydrobromide as a sample. The results showed that the linear range of aryl sulfonates were good at 9-2 000 ng·mL^-1, 3-100 ng·mL^-1 and 0.9-30 ng·mL^-1, respectively. The correlation coefficient r > 0.999, the spiked recovery was 80%-120%. The detection limits were 30, 1 and 0.3 ng·mL^-1. Two detection methods did not detect potential sulfonate genotoxicity impurities in the above APIs. The established analytical methods are reliable and effective, which can provide reference for drug quality control and detection.

Objective To explore the effects of electroacupuncture on motor function in Parkinson's disease(PD)model mice and NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in the midbrain substantia nigra(SN).Methods C57BL/6 mice were assigned to three groups according to the random number table method:control group,model group,and electroacupuncture(EA)group,12 mice per group.The PD model was reproduced by intragastric administration of rotenone solution 10 mg/(kg·d).EA group was administered at the three selected points,"Fengfu"(GV16),"Taichong"(LR3),and"Zusanli"(ST36),with a treatment cycle of 2 weeks.The control and model groups took the same time synchronous fixation operation for the control variable.Behavioral scores and open field tests were used to detect the exercise ability of mice in each group.Tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)and α-synuclein(α-syn)in the midbrain SN of mice in all groups were measured with an immunohistochemistry test.NLRP3 and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(Caspase-1)protein expression levels in the midbrain SN of mice in the three groups were measured using Western blotting,and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)content was determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared to the control group,the behavioral scores of the mice in the model group were higher(P<0.01).Compared to the model group,the behavioral scores of the mice in the EA group were lower(P<0.01).Compared to the control group,the time ratio of the relative rest state of the mice in the model group(<100 mm/s)increased significantly(P<0.01),while the time ratio of the slow motion(100～200 mm/s)and time ratio of the fast motion(>200 mm/s)state decreased significantly(P<0.01).Compared to the model group,the time ratio spent in the relative rest state of mice in the EA group decreased significantly(P<0.01),while the time ratio of the slow motion state and time ratio of the fast motion state and movement rate increased significantly(P<0.01).Compared to the control group,the TH expression level decreased in the SN in the model group(P<0.01),while α-syn increased(P<0.01).Compared to the model group,the TH expression level in the EA group increased(P<0.05),while α-syn decreased(P<0.05).Compared to the control group,the protein expressions of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in the SN of the model group increased(P<0.01);compared to the model group,the expressions of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in the SN of the midbrain of mice decreased after EA treatment(P<0.01).Compared to the control group,IL-1β in the SN of the mouse midbrain increased in the model group(P<0.01).Compared to the model group,IL-1β decreased in the EA group(P<0.05).Conclusion This experiment shows that stimulation of EA in"Fengfu","Taichong",and"Zusanli"can effectively reduce abnormal aggregation of the PD marker α-syn,increase TH expression,and enhance the motor dysfunction of PD model mice.The molecular mechanism is related to the regulation of the expression of NLRP3,Caspase-1,and IL-1β of inflammasome-related pathways.

AIM To investigate the effects of Xinyue Capsules on the expression of glycerophospholipid metabolizing enzymes in isoproterenol(ISO)-induced rat heart tissue and primary myocardial cells of neonatal rats.METHODS The SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,the model group,the Xinyue Capsules intervention group and Xinyue Capsules control group,with 8 rats in each group.The rat model of cardiac hypertrophy was established by 14 days consecutive intraperitoneal injection of ISO(30 mg/kg).Prior to the modeling,once daily administration of 0.393 g/kg Xinyue Capsules was given by gavage from 3 days in advance to the end of the experiment.After the last administration,the procurement of blood from abdominal aorta,the left and right ventricles were processed.And the rats had their indices levels of the heart,the left ventricle and the right ventricle measured;their pathomorphological changes of myocardial tissue observed using HE staining;their expressions of cardiac hypertrophy-related myocardial embryonic genes ANP,β-MHC and α-SKA mRNA detected using RT-qPCR method;and their serum TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C levels detected by biochemical method.In in vitro experiment,the neonatal rat model of myocardial hypertrophy was induced by exposure to ISO 1 μmol/L for 24 h.The investigation of the effect of Xinyue Capsules 12.5 μg/mL on ISO-induced myocardial hypertrophy was conducted by detection of myocardial cell area,embryo genes related to cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial cells protein cuntent.The further anti-cardiac hypertrophy mechanism of Xinyue Capsules research was conducted using RT-qPCR and Western blot to detect the gene and protein expressions of phospholipase A2(PLA2G6),phospholipase A1 member A(PLA1A)and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT)in left ventricle tissue and myocardial cells of each group.RESULTS The in vivo experimental result showed that compared with the normal group,the model group displayed increased indices levels of the heart,the left ventricle and the right ventricle and cross-sectional area of left ventricular myocytes(P＜0.05);and up-regulated expressions of ANP,β-MHC,α-SKA mRNA and PLA2G6,PLA1A and LCAT mRNA and proteins in the left ventricle(P＜0.05);and increased levels of serum TC,TG and LDL-C(P＜0.05);and decreased HDL-C level(P＜0.05).However,the intervention of Xinyue Capsules inhibited the changes of the aforementioned indices(P＜0.05).The in vitro experimental result revealed that Xinyue Capsules inhibited the ISO-induced increases of myocardial cell surface area and myocardial cell protein level,the up-regulation of ANP,β-MHC,α-SKA mRNA expressions and the PLA2G6,PLA1A,LCAT mRNA and protein expressions as well(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Xinyue Capsules can improve the ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats,and its mechanism may be associated with its regulation upon the expressions of glycerophospholipid metabolism-related enzymes PLA2G6,PLA1A and LCAT.

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an effective method to reduce perioperative adverse events such as cardiogenic shock in patients undergoing complex high-risk indicated percutaneous coronary intervention.Femoral artery and femoral vein are the main routes for conventional veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in China,while the cases of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation insertion via axillary artery are relatively rare.However,the axillary artery intubation veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation assisted mode has been regarded as one of the routine clinical paths for the treatment of critically ill patients in foreign countries.This paper reports a case of an elderly male patient who underwent high risk and complex percutaneous coronary interventional therapy by right axillary artery implantation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation assisted circulation due to the difficulty of femoral artery approach.In order to provide reference for the selection of clinical extracorporeal membrane oxygenation technique route.