Objective This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of multi-slice spiral CT in early lung cancer and provide evidence for clinical differentiation. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 86 patients with early-stage lung cancer admitted to our hospital between March 2020 and February 2025. All patients underwent MSCT examination. Using pathological examination as the gold standard, the consistency between MSCT and the gold standard was analyzed. CT sign differences among patients with different pathological types of lung cancer were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationships between CT signs and the degree of adenocarcinoma infiltration. Results MSCT examination showed positive findings in 75 cases of adenocarcinoma, with a sensitivity of 97.40%, a specificity of 88.89%, a positive predictive value of 98.68%, a negative predictive value of 80.00%, an accuracy of 96.51%, and a Kappa value of 0.823. Significant differences were found in the proportions of tumor maximum diameter > 2 cm, vacuole sign, ground-glass opacity sign, lobulation sign, spiculation sign, air bronchogram sign, pleural indentation sign, and vascular convergence sign (P<0.05), and these proportions increased progressively from carcinoma in situ to minimally invasive adenocarcinoma to invasive adenocarcinoma. Pearson correlation analysis showed that tumor maximum diameter, vacuole sign, ground-glass opacity sign, and pleural indentation sign were positively correlated with adenocarcinoma, while spiculation sign and vascular convergence sign were negatively correlated with adenocarcinoma (P<0.05). Conclusion MSCT demonstrates high diagnostic efficiency for early-stage lung adenocarcinoma and can provide a reference for early clinical evaluation.

Human alphaherpesvirus 2 (HSV-2) is the main pathogen resulting human genital herpes, which poses a major threat to the socio-economic development, while there is no effective vaccine. In this study, we developed a novel lipopolyplex (LPP)-delivered mRNA vaccine expressing the HSV-2 envelope glycoprotein gD and evaluated its immunogenicity in mice. The mRNA vaccine was prepared from the genetically modified gD mRNA synthesized in vitro combined with the LPP delivery platform and it was named gD-ORI mRNA. The expression of gD antigen in the mRNA vaccine was validated in vitro by Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay, then the immune responses induced by this mRNA vaccine in mice were evaluated. The immunization with gD mRNA alone induced strong humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. Robust and long-lasting gD-specific IgG antibodies were detected in the mouse serum after booster immunization with gD-ORI mRNA. The immunized mice exhibited a Th1/Th2 balanced IgG response and robust neutralizing antibodies against HSV-2, and a clear dose-response relationship was observed. The gD-specific IgG antibodies were maintained in mice for a long time, up to 18 weeks post-booster immunization. At the same time, multifunctional gD-specific CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in vaccinated mice were detected by intracellular cytokine staining (ICS). This novel gD-expressing mRNA vaccine delivered by LPP induces strong and long-lasting immune responses in mice post booster immunization and has a promising prospect for development and application. This study provides scientific evidence and reference for the development of a new mRNA vaccine for HSV-2.
Animals ; Herpesvirus 2, Human/genetics* ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics* ; Mice ; Herpes Genitalis/immunology* ; RNA, Messenger/immunology* ; Female ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Antibodies, Viral/blood* ; mRNA Vaccines/immunology* ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood* ; Humans

Objective To explore the clinical effect of quality control circle(QCC)activities on the prevention of postoperative deep vein thrombosis(DVT)in inpatients in military hospitals.Methods A total of 318 patients who were diagnosed and treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from January to December 2021 and 40 medical staff were enrolled in this study.Routine care was performed in 158 patients from January to June 2021,and QCC care was implemented in 160 patients from July to December 2021.The awareness of DVT prevention in medical staff and patients(or their famiy members)before and after QCC activities,lower limb DVT preventive measures taken by medical staff,and the occurrence of DVT were compared.Results The scores of the cause,clinical manifestations,nursing measures and preventive measures of DVT after QCC activities were significantly higher than those before QCC activities in both medical staff and patients(or their families)(P<0.05).The overall implementation rate of preventing lower limb DVT after QCC activities was significantly higher than that before QCC activities(94.14%vs.46.20%,P<0.05).The incidence of DVT after QCC activities was significantly lower than that before QCC activities(0.62%vs.5.06%,P<0.05).Conclusion Implementing QCC activities can improve the cognitive ability of military medical staff and patients(or family members)in DVT prevention,increase the implementation rate of DVT prevention measures,and reduce the incidence of DVT.

Objective To summarise the best evidence of tracheal intubation and extubation in patients with non-ventilated neurocritical care so as to provide a reference and guidance for clinical work.Methods The"6S"evidence-based pyramid model was employed to search multiple databases and sources,including UpToDate,BMJ Best Practice(BMJ),National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(NICE),National Guideline Clearinghouse(NGC),Guidelines International Network(GIN),Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network(SIGN),Canadian Medical Association:Clinical Practice Guideline(CMA Infobase),New Zealand Guidelines Group(NZGG),European Association of Neurosurgical Societies(EANS),American Association of Neurological Surgeons(AANS),Cochrane Library,Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI),Campbell,PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,ProQuest,Elsevier,EBSCO,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,SinoMed and Yimaitong,from inception of the databases to 31st March,2024 for literature on tracheal extubation of the patients in non-ventilated neurocritical care.The retrieved literature included clinical decisions,guidelines,systematic reviews,evidence summaries,expert consensuses,and randomised controlled trials.Two researchers who were trained in evidence-based nursing comprehensively screened the quality of the included literature and extracted the evidences.Results A total of 15 articles were included consisting of 2 clinical decisions,5 guidelines,4 systematic reviews,2 evidence summaries and 2 expert consensuses.They were synthesised into 23 evidence-based recommendations across 4 themes:pre-extubation assessment,pre-extubation preparation,extubation procedure and post-extubation care.Conclusion The best evidence on endotracheal intubation and extubation in patients with non-ventilated neurocritical care summarised in this study provides an evidence-based reference for clinical practice.

Objective To compare the diagnostic performance of three breast MRI measurement methods—RECIST 1.1,the optimal method,and three-dimensional(3D)volumetric assessment—in assessing the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)in breast cancer patients,with the objective of identifying the most clinically practical approach.Methods A total of 110 breast cancer patients who underwent NAC followed by surgical treatment between 2019 and 2023 were included in the study.Breast magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)was conducted within one week before and after the completion of NAC.Tumor response was evaluated using RECIST 1.1 criteria,widely recognized as the optimal method,as well as 3D volume measurement.Pathological response was determined according to the Miller-Payne grading system.Sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)were computed and compared using the DeLong test.Results The AUC values for RECIST 1.1,the optimal method,and 3D volumetric assessment were 0.768,0.795,and 0.883,respectively.The 3D volumetric assessment exhibited significantly better discriminative performance(P＜0.05),with the highest sensitivity(98.9％),specificity(77.8％),and accuracy(95.5％).Additionally,the optimal method demonstrated superior performance over RECIST 1.1 across multiple parameters.Conclusions 3D volumetric mea-surement demonstrates superior performance compared to RECIST 1.1 and the optimal method in evaluating the response to NAC,offering a more accurate and comprehensive assessment tool.Additionally,the optimal method shows advantages over RECIST 1.1 and may serve as a practical alternative in settings where 3D software is not available.

Objective To summarise the best evidence of tracheal intubation and extubation in patients with non-ventilated neurocritical care so as to provide a reference and guidance for clinical work.Methods The"6S"evidence-based pyramid model was employed to search multiple databases and sources,including UpToDate,BMJ Best Practice(BMJ),National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(NICE),National Guideline Clearinghouse(NGC),Guidelines International Network(GIN),Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network(SIGN),Canadian Medical Association:Clinical Practice Guideline(CMA Infobase),New Zealand Guidelines Group(NZGG),European Association of Neurosurgical Societies(EANS),American Association of Neurological Surgeons(AANS),Cochrane Library,Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI),Campbell,PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,ProQuest,Elsevier,EBSCO,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,SinoMed and Yimaitong,from inception of the databases to 31st March,2024 for literature on tracheal extubation of the patients in non-ventilated neurocritical care.The retrieved literature included clinical decisions,guidelines,systematic reviews,evidence summaries,expert consensuses,and randomised controlled trials.Two researchers who were trained in evidence-based nursing comprehensively screened the quality of the included literature and extracted the evidences.Results A total of 15 articles were included consisting of 2 clinical decisions,5 guidelines,4 systematic reviews,2 evidence summaries and 2 expert consensuses.They were synthesised into 23 evidence-based recommendations across 4 themes:pre-extubation assessment,pre-extubation preparation,extubation procedure and post-extubation care.Conclusion The best evidence on endotracheal intubation and extubation in patients with non-ventilated neurocritical care summarised in this study provides an evidence-based reference for clinical practice.

Objective To compare the diagnostic performance of three breast MRI measurement methods—RECIST 1.1,the optimal method,and three-dimensional(3D)volumetric assessment—in assessing the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)in breast cancer patients,with the objective of identifying the most clinically practical approach.Methods A total of 110 breast cancer patients who underwent NAC followed by surgical treatment between 2019 and 2023 were included in the study.Breast magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)was conducted within one week before and after the completion of NAC.Tumor response was evaluated using RECIST 1.1 criteria,widely recognized as the optimal method,as well as 3D volume measurement.Pathological response was determined according to the Miller-Payne grading system.Sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)were computed and compared using the DeLong test.Results The AUC values for RECIST 1.1,the optimal method,and 3D volumetric assessment were 0.768,0.795,and 0.883,respectively.The 3D volumetric assessment exhibited significantly better discriminative performance(P＜0.05),with the highest sensitivity(98.9％),specificity(77.8％),and accuracy(95.5％).Additionally,the optimal method demonstrated superior performance over RECIST 1.1 across multiple parameters.Conclusions 3D volumetric mea-surement demonstrates superior performance compared to RECIST 1.1 and the optimal method in evaluating the response to NAC,offering a more accurate and comprehensive assessment tool.Additionally,the optimal method shows advantages over RECIST 1.1 and may serve as a practical alternative in settings where 3D software is not available.

The incidence of pediatric otomycosis is gradually increasing, with a widespread prevalence of multidrug-resistant Candida auris.However, its early diagnosis remains challenging, leading to misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of pediatric otomycosis based on relevant domestic and international studies.This article reviewed the epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, pathogenic microorganisms, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric otomycosis, aiming to enhance the understanding of pediatric otomycosis among healthcare professionals.

【Objective】 To analyze the height growth of children aged 6 - 15 years in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, so as to provide evidence for the assessment of local children′s height development. 【Methods】 A total of 25 225 children aged 6 - 15 years were selected to get their physical examination data from 41 primary schools in Nanning by stratified cluster sampling method in December 2021.Then the height data were compared with the current domestic standards. 【Results】 The average height of boys in Nanning was lower than the national standard before the age of 10 years and 7 months, and the gap with the national standard gradually narrowed after the age of 10 years and 7 months. The average height of boys in Nanning City exceeded the national standard between the age of 11 years and 1 month and 13 years and 6 months, and then lagged behind the national standard again after the age of 13 years and 7 months. The mean height of girls in Nanning City was lower than the national standard height in several age groups, and it was more obvious before the age of 9 years and 7 months. The proportion of height ≤-2s,≤-s,≥ +s and ≥+2s in boys aged 6 to 15 years in Nanning City fluctuated from 2.59% to 6.04%, 12.09% to 23.43%, 7.18% to 18.79% and 0.93% to 3.14%, respectively; the total proportions were 4.56%, 17.46%, 11.35% and 1.74%, respectively; the minimum/maximum proportion values of each height group were at 11 years old /8 years old, 14 years old/8 years old, 8 years old/12 years old, and 6 years old/11 years old, respectively. The proportions of girls aged 6 - 15 years in Nanning City with height ≤-2s, ≤-s, ≥+s, and ≥+2s fluctuated from 2.06% to 5.19%, 9.35% to 25.15%, 8.21% to 15.80% and 1.23% to 3.49%, respectively; the total proportions were 3.38%, 16.91%, 11.97% and 2.29%, respectively; and the minimum/maximum proportion values of each height group were at 13 years old/6 years old, 12 years old/6 years old, 7 years old/12 years old, and 6 years old/11 years old, respectively. 【Conclusions】 The overall height level of children in Nanning is still lower than the national level, with short prepubertal basal heights, an earlier age of onset of accelerated pubertal height, and a shorter duration of accelerated pubertal height in boys. Strengthening pre-pubertal height management and emphasizing the onset and duration of children′s pubertal development, especially the height development of boys during puberty, can help improve the adult lifelong height of children in this region.

Objective Previous studies on the association between lipid profiles and chronic kidney disease(CKD)have yielded inconsistent results and no defined thresholds for blood lipids. Methods A prospective cohort study including 32,351 subjects who completed baseline and follow-up surveys over 5 years was conducted.Restricted cubic splines and Cox models were used to examine the association between the lipid profiles and CKD.A regression discontinuity design was used to determine the cutoff value of lipid profiles that was significantly associated with increased the risk of CKD. Results Over a median follow-up time of 2.2(0.5,4.2)years,648(2.00%)subjects developed CKD.The lipid profiles that were significantly and linearly related to CKD included total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),TC/HDL-C,and TG/HDL-C,whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and LDL-C/HDL-C were nonlinearly correlated with CKD.TC,TG,TC/HDL-C,and TG/HDL-C showed an upward jump at the cutoff value,increasing the risk of CKD by 0.90%,1.50%,2.30%,and 1.60%,respectively,whereas HDL-C showed a downward jump at the cutoff value,reducing this risk by 1.0%.Female and participants with dyslipidemia had a higher risk of CKD,while the cutoff values for the different characteristics of the population were different. Conclusion There was a significant association between lipid profiles and CKD in a prospective cohort from Northwest China,while TG,TC/HDL-C,and TG/HDL-C showed a stronger risk association.The specific cutoff values of lipid profiles may provide a clinical reference for screening or diagnosing CKD risk.