In recent years,the potential role of mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in the pathogenesis of various psychiatric disorders has attracted growing attention.Mitochondria regulate energy metabolism,oxidative stress,apoptosis,and neuronal function through dynamic processes such as fission and fusion.Disruption of these processes may impair synaptic function and neural network stability.In schizophrenia,depression,bipolar disorder,Alzheimer disease,and autism spectrum disorders,studies have reported dysregulated expression of mitochondrial fission-related proteins DRP1 and FIS1,as well as fusion-related proteins MFN1,MFN2,and OPA1,accompanied by structural and functional mitochondrial impairments,neuronal apoptosis,and synaptic loss.Evidence from clinical studies,animal models,and cell experiments further supports that these mitochondrial dynamics abnormalities are closely associated with cognitive deficits,emotional disturbances,and neurodegenerative changes.Although mitochondrial dynamic dysfunction alone cannot fully explain the onset of psychiatric disorders,it may represent a potential biological mechanism that offers new insights into disease mechanisms and provide a theoretical basis for developing targeted intervention strategies.

In recent years,the potential role of mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in the pathogenesis of various psychiatric disorders has attracted growing attention.Mitochondria regulate energy metabolism,oxidative stress,apoptosis,and neuronal function through dynamic processes such as fission and fusion.Disruption of these processes may impair synaptic function and neural network stability.In schizophrenia,depression,bipolar disorder,Alzheimer disease,and autism spectrum disorders,studies have reported dysregulated expression of mitochondrial fission-related proteins DRP1 and FIS1,as well as fusion-related proteins MFN1,MFN2,and OPA1,accompanied by structural and functional mitochondrial impairments,neuronal apoptosis,and synaptic loss.Evidence from clinical studies,animal models,and cell experiments further supports that these mitochondrial dynamics abnormalities are closely associated with cognitive deficits,emotional disturbances,and neurodegenerative changes.Although mitochondrial dynamic dysfunction alone cannot fully explain the onset of psychiatric disorders,it may represent a potential biological mechanism that offers new insights into disease mechanisms and provide a theoretical basis for developing targeted intervention strategies.

Major antidepressants for the treatment of depression have several shortcomings such as delayed therapeutic action, limited remission rate and various adverse effects. Psychedelics are a group of psychoactive substances that can improve perception, mood and cognition. An increasing body of evidence shows that psychedelics positively promote individual social functioning and have a rapid and sustained improvement in moderate or severe depression. Therefore, the antidepressant effects of psychedelics have gained increasing attentions in recent years. This review summarizes the progress of research on the antidepressant effects of some representative psychedelics and their potential mechanisms of antidepressant action, and discusses the risks of clinical application of psychedelics.

Major antidepressants for the treatment of depression have several shortcomings such as delayed therapeutic action, limited remission rate and various adverse effects. Psychedelics are a group of psychoactive substances that can improve perception, mood and cognition. An increasing body of evidence shows that psychedelics positively promote individual social functioning and have a rapid and sustained improvement in moderate or severe depression. Therefore, the antidepressant effects of psychedelics have gained increasing attentions in recent years. This review summarizes the progress of research on the antidepressant effects of some representative psychedelics and their potential mechanisms of antidepressant action, and discusses the risks of clinical application of psychedelics.