Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, with its prevalence expanding due to increased global travel. The dengue virus, the causative agent of dengue fever, often co-circulates in the form of four distinct serotypes. Cross-reactive antibodies generated during a primary infection pose a significant risk during secondary infections with different serotypes, and fully protective vaccines and antiviral drugs are yet to be developed. Over the past decade, advances in antibody technology have led to the isolation of numerous monoclonal antibodies against dengue virus, with their neutralizing epitopes elucidated through structure-based analyses. This review highlights the key epitopes associated with neutralizing antibodies against dengue virus and discusses their potential applications in vaccine design and therapeutic antibody development. This review helps systematically summarize the progress in dengue virus neutralizing antibody research, providing a theoretical foundation and technical guidance for the development of novel vaccines and antibody therapeutics.
Dengue Virus/immunology* ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology* ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use* ; Dengue/prevention & control* ; Humans ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology* ; Epitopes/immunology* ; Animals ; Dengue Vaccines/immunology*

BACKGROUND: The dengue vaccine controversy in the Philippines caused significant public anxiety affecting childhood vaccines, as well as other healthcare programs. An assessment of parental perception and attitude on childhood immunization and other government healthcare programs after the dengue vaccine controversy is lacking

OBJECTIVE: To determine the perception and attitude of parents on childhood immunization and other government health care programs after the dengue vaccine controversy at a tertiary pediatric hospital.

METHODOLOGY: A hospital-based cross-sectional survey was done at a tertiary pediatric hospital. A total of 96 subjects participated in the study. Parents with children ages 9 to 18 years old whose child was either vaccinated or non-vaccinated with dengue vaccine seen in the dengue clinic, outpatient department and private clinics were invited to answer the structured questionnaire. Proportional stratified sampling was employed. Mann Whitney U-test compared the perception and attitude scores between parents of children who were recipients and non-recipients of dengue vaccine. A p-value of

RESULTS: The overall perception and attitude of parents on childhood immunization, deworming and vitamin A supplementation did not differ significantly between parents of non-dengue vaccinated children and dengue-vaccinated children. Sociodemographic factors such as gender, marital status, educational attainment, employment, and economic status did not differ significantly in their perception and attitude in terms of childhood immunization, deworming and vitamin A supplementation.

CONCLUSIONS: The overall perception and attitude of parents in both groups showed no significant difference toward childhood immunization, deworming and vitamin A supplementation. There is no association with the overall perception and attitude of parents on childhood immunization, deworming and vitamin A supplementation and their sociodemographic factors. RECOMMENDATIONS: Future similar studies may be conducted in other regions to determine parental perception and attitude towards the government's immunization program and other health care programs.

BACKGROUND: The DOH has recently launched the first ever dengue vaccine that has successfully completed phase III clinical trials but an assessment of the general acceptance of the vaccine is widely lacking. OBJECTIVES: This study determined the dengue vaccine acceptance and the factors associated with acceptance as well as the knowledge, attitudes and practices on dengue fever among parents and caregivers at the PCMC-OPD. METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional survey was done at the PCMC-OPD using selfadministered questionnaires regarding the KAP on dengue fever and vaccine acceptance. Multivariate analysis and Spearman’s rank correlation were used to determine predictors of DV acceptance. RESULTS: We found that DV acceptance among the participants was 81.3% (113 out of 139). Educational attainment, employment status, and monthly income are significantly associated with acceptance of dengue vaccine, and being female contributed to high acceptance. DV acceptance was strongly correlated with a lower income class. Educational attainment and employment status seem to affect DV acceptance but are not strong predictors. CONCLUSIONS: The DV acceptance rate of the parents and caregivers of patients consulting at PCMC-OPD was high. The most important factors associated with acceptance are educational attainment, employment status and income class. RECOMMENDATIONS A similar study may be conducted with a larger population to study target populations in the Philippines. This kind of study can be utilized to formulate new strategies addressing the awareness and acceptance of the community for the new dengue vaccine.
Dengue ; Dengue Virus ; Dengue Vaccines ; Philippines

Dengue fever is a tropical endemic disease; however, because of climate change, it may become a problem in South Korea in the near future. Research on vaccines for dengue fever and outbreak preparedness are currently insufficient. In addition, because there are no appropriate animal models, controversial results from vaccine efficacy assessments and clinical trials have been reported. Therefore, to study the mechanism of dengue fever and test the immunogenicity of vaccines, an appropriate animal model is urgently needed. In addition to mouse models, more suitable models using animals that can be humanized will need to be constructed. In this report, we look at the current status of model animal construction and discuss which models require further development.
Animals* ; Climate Change ; Dengue Virus ; Dengue* ; Endemic Diseases ; Humans ; Korea ; Mice ; Models, Animal* ; Vaccines

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Cell Line ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Cricetinae ; Culicidae ; Dengue Virus ; immunology ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; immunology ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Vero Cells ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology

Communicable Diseases, Emerging ; Communication ; Dengue ; prevention & control ; Dengue Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; HIV Infections ; prevention & control ; Health Education ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Mosquito Control ; Obesity ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Public Health ; Public Health Practice ; Risk ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; prevention & control ; Singapore ; Tobacco Use ; prevention & control ; therapy

Travel-related health problems such as febrile illness have been reported in many travelers going to developing countries. With the emergence of new infectious diseases occurring in many parts of the world and their spread worldwide, early diagnosis of emerging infectious diseases or tropical diseases has become a very important part of controlling these diseases. In doing so, the itinerary of the ill returning traveler is crucial to formulating a differential diagnosis because exposure to pathogens differs depending on the area of travel. With up-to-date information on infectious diseases occurring worldwide, a differential diagnosis can be made by adding information on duration of travel, incubation period, underlying medical illness, history of prophylactic vaccines received, and knowledge of the patient's exposures during travel including insect bites, contaminated food or water, or freshwater swimming. Some travelers may have specific symptoms and signs such as fever, rash, or hemorrhagic manifestations. For example, eosinophilia suggests a possible helminth infection. In this article, the general approach to returnning travelers with suspected tropical disease will be described.
Communicable Diseases ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging ; Dengue ; Developing Countries ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Early Diagnosis ; Eosinophilia ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Fresh Water ; Helminths ; Insect Bites and Stings ; Malaria ; Swimming ; Travel Medicine ; Vaccines ; Water

Despite recent advances in the development of diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines, the ease of international travel and increasing global interdependence have brought about particular challenges for the control of infectious diseases, highlighting concerns for the worldwide spread of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases. Korea is also facing public health challenges for controlling imported cases of infectious diseases; dengue virus, which is the most commonly reported case of imported infectious diseases; the largest outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections outside the Arabian Peninsula in 2015; and the Zika virus infection, which was declared by the WHO as a "Public Health Emergency of International Concern." Although national and global partnerships are critical to controlling imported infectious disease threats, the role of local hospitals, public health sectors, and laboratory capacity remains the cornerstone for initial disease recognition and response. The current status of laboratory diagnosis for imported infectious diseases is reviewed.
Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Communicable Diseases ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging* ; Coronavirus Infections ; Dengue ; Dengue Virus ; Diagnosis* ; Emergencies ; Hospitals, Public ; Korea* ; Middle East ; Public Health ; Vaccines

Despite recent advances in the development of diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines, the ease of international travel and increasing global interdependence have brought about particular challenges for the control of infectious diseases, highlighting concerns for the worldwide spread of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases. Korea is also facing public health challenges for controlling imported cases of infectious diseases; dengue virus, which is the most commonly reported case of imported infectious diseases; the largest outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections outside the Arabian Peninsula in 2015; and the Zika virus infection, which was declared by the WHO as a "Public Health Emergency of International Concern." Although national and global partnerships are critical to controlling imported infectious disease threats, the role of local hospitals, public health sectors, and laboratory capacity remains the cornerstone for initial disease recognition and response. The current status of laboratory diagnosis for imported infectious diseases is reviewed.
Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Communicable Diseases ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging* ; Coronavirus Infections ; Dengue ; Dengue Virus ; Diagnosis* ; Emergencies ; Hospitals, Public ; Korea* ; Middle East ; Public Health ; Vaccines

Travel-acquired dengue cases have been increasing as the overall global dengue burden has expanded. In Korea, imported dengue cases have been reported since 2000 when it first became a notifiable disease. During the first four months of 2016, three times more dengue cases were reported in Korea than during the same period the previous year. A safe and efficacious vaccine for travelers would be beneficial to prevent dengue disease in individual travelers and potentially decrease the risk of virus spread to non-endemic areas. Here, we summarize the characteristics of dengue vaccines for travelers and review dengue vaccines currently licensed or in clinical development.
Dengue Vaccines* ; Dengue* ; Korea