Objective:To explore the protective effects of hematoma aspiration combined with hyperbaric oxygen（HBO）therapy on the brain tissue of rats after cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into four groups：sham operation group，model group，operation group（hematoma aspiration），and combined treatment group（minimally invasive hematoma aspiration + HBO），with 10 rats in each group. The neurological deficits of rats in each group were scored by Longa scoring method. The water content of the brain tissue of rats in each group was detected by dry/wet weight measurement. The pathological changes in the hippocampus tissue of rats in each group were observed by H&E staining. The number of hippocampal neuronal apoptosis of rats in each group was detected by TUNEL assay. The expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF）and Aquaporin-4（AQP4）in the hippocampus of rats in each group were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The protein expressions of Bax，Bcl-2，JAK2，p-JAK2，STAT3，and p-STAT3 in the brain tissue of rats in each group were detected by Western blotting.Results:Compared with the sham operation group，the model group had significantly higher nerve injury function scores and brain tissue water content，and showed brain tissue hemorrhage，cell pyknosis，enlarged intercellular space，increased glial cells，and decreased neurons；the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons in the model group increased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions in the model group increased，while the BDNF expression in the model group decreased（ P<0.05）. Compared with the model group，the operation group and the combined treatment group had lower nerve injury function scores and less brain tissue water content，and the brain tissue injury in the two groups was reduced. In both groups，the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons decreased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions decreased，while the BDNF expression increased（ P<0.05）. Compared with the operation group，the combined treatment group had significantly lower nerve injury function score and less brain water content，and its cell pyknosis，edema，and other conditions significantly subsided. In the combined treatment group，the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons decreased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions decreased，while the BDNF expression increased（ P<0.05）. Conclusion:Hematoma aspiration combined with HBO therapy has a protective effect on rat brain with injury due to cerebral hemorrhage，and the protective mechanism may be related to the inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway．

Objective:To explore the protective effects of hematoma aspiration combined with hyperbaric oxygen（HBO）therapy on the brain tissue of rats after cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into four groups：sham operation group，model group，operation group（hematoma aspiration），and combined treatment group（minimally invasive hematoma aspiration + HBO），with 10 rats in each group. The neurological deficits of rats in each group were scored by Longa scoring method. The water content of the brain tissue of rats in each group was detected by dry/wet weight measurement. The pathological changes in the hippocampus tissue of rats in each group were observed by H&E staining. The number of hippocampal neuronal apoptosis of rats in each group was detected by TUNEL assay. The expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF）and Aquaporin-4（AQP4）in the hippocampus of rats in each group were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The protein expressions of Bax，Bcl-2，JAK2，p-JAK2，STAT3，and p-STAT3 in the brain tissue of rats in each group were detected by Western blotting.Results:Compared with the sham operation group，the model group had significantly higher nerve injury function scores and brain tissue water content，and showed brain tissue hemorrhage，cell pyknosis，enlarged intercellular space，increased glial cells，and decreased neurons；the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons in the model group increased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions in the model group increased，while the BDNF expression in the model group decreased（ P<0.05）. Compared with the model group，the operation group and the combined treatment group had lower nerve injury function scores and less brain tissue water content，and the brain tissue injury in the two groups was reduced. In both groups，the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons decreased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions decreased，while the BDNF expression increased（ P<0.05）. Compared with the operation group，the combined treatment group had significantly lower nerve injury function score and less brain water content，and its cell pyknosis，edema，and other conditions significantly subsided. In the combined treatment group，the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons decreased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions decreased，while the BDNF expression increased（ P<0.05）. Conclusion:Hematoma aspiration combined with HBO therapy has a protective effect on rat brain with injury due to cerebral hemorrhage，and the protective mechanism may be related to the inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway．

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of embolization with Scepter balloonassisted coils and Onyx glue in treatment of traumatic carotid cavernous fistula (TCCF).Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted on the clinical data of 24 patients with TCCF managed with embolization with Scepter balloon-assisted coils and Onyx glue from February 2012 to February 2017.There were 20 males and 4 females,aged 21-65 years [(42.6 ± 6.8) years],with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) of 15 points.All patients were with unilateral lesions,with 13 on the right and 11 on the left.Among TCCF patients,23 patients were with cranial bruit,22 with pulsating exophthalmos and bulbar conjunctiva congestion edema,19 with orbital symptoms,and 9 with visual impairment.A micro-catheter was sent into the cavernous sinus of lesion side,and the location of traumatic carotid cavernous fistula and draining characteristics were identified by micro catheter contrast.With a balloon inflated to cover the fistula and protect the interual carotid artery,Onyx was injected into the cavernous sinus after several coils were deployed adjacent to the fistula until the complete occlusion of fistula.Cranial bruit,pulsating exophthalmos,visual impairment,and orbital symptoms before operation and 2 weeks after operation were observed.Six months after operation,digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was reviewed to evaluate the carotid artery patency and TCCF recurrence.Results The cranial bruit,pulsating exophthalmos,and bulbar conjunctiva congestion edema in all TCCF patients disappeared 2 weeks after operation.No obvious improvement was seen in 2 out of 9 patients with visual impairments and 2 out of 19 patients with orbital symptoms,but there was significant improvement after operation (P ＜ 0.05).Onyx glue adhering to the surface of the protective balloon occurred in one patient.The balloon and catheter were delivered to the external carotid artery and then removed,with no complication seen.Follow-up found no recurrence or operative complications in 6-12 months.Complete occlusion of fistula was seen in all patients,and the internal carotid artery showed good patency.Conclusion Embolization with Scepter balloon-assisted coils and Onyx glue can occlude fistula,eliminate ocular symptoms,and maintain internal carotid artery patency and hence is an effective and safe treatment option for TCCF.

Objective To study the risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage after endovascular therapy of cere-bral arteriovenous malformations embolization.Methods the clinical records and images of 230 patients with cAVMs were retrospectively reviewed.Patients with intracranial hemorrhage after endovascular therapy in 3 days were recorded and the risk factors of hemorrthage by using multivariate logistic regression for guiding the treatment strategy were studied.Results There were 15 patients occurred intracerebral hemorrhages.After treatment the area of cAVMs was significantly smaller than that before treatment[(2.18 ±0.91)cm vs (6.67 ±1.56)cm],the difference lvas a statis-tically significant (t =9.627,P <0.05).A partial AVM reduction of ≥36.5%(P =0.031)and hypertension(P =0.025)were considered as risk factors for hemorrhage after endovascular therapy of cAVWs.Conclusion Patients receives a partial AVMreduction of ≥36.5% or with hypertension history have a tendancy of increasing hemorrhage after endovascular therapy of cAVMs.It's helpful for preventing intracerebral hemorrhage if the arterial blood pressure maintains after endovascular therapy.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of mirabilite and rheum officinale combined with pulse high-volume hemofiltration(PHVHF)in treatment of patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP). Methods A total of 11 patients with SAP in Department of Critical Care Medicine of Qiannan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guizhou Province received the combined treatment of external application of mirabilite,gavage of rheum officinale decoction and PHVHF. The changes in abdominal symptoms,vital signs,blood gas analysis,blood biochemical indicators,and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation(APACHEⅡ)score,Ranson score and prognosis were observed and compared before and after treatment. Results After treatment,the patients' fever〔body temperature(℃):37.31±0.13 vs. 39.12±0.12〕,tachycardia〔heart rate(beats/min):106±17 vs. 123±22〕, respiratory distress〔respiratory frequency(times/min):23±6 vs. 31±5〕and other symptoms were ameliorated in different degrees,and the APACHE Ⅱ score(9.1±2.2 vs. 21.2±8.2),Ranson score(3.2±1.1 vs. 5.8±1.3)were decreased significantly ,all the above indexes compared before and after treatment being of statistical significant differences(all P<0.05). The indexes of hemodynamics of 10 survival patients were stable,heart rate(beats/min:106±17 vs. 123±22)was decreased,and mean arterial pressure〔MAP,mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa):73±6 vs. 41±5〕was increased gradually(both P<0.05). After treatment,serum amylase〔AMY(U/L):367.3±102.3 vs. 923.5±351.7〕,alanine aminotransferase〔ALT(U/L):63.3±23.2 vs. 201.5±123.2〕,total bilirubin〔TBil (μmol/L):22.1±20.1 vs. 56.1±63.2〕,serum creatinine〔SCr(μmol/L):132.1±23.5 vs. 392.4±12.2〕,urea nitrogen〔BUN(mmol/L):9.5±4.9 vs. 19.2±5.9〕, K+(mmol/L:4.2±0.2 vs. 5.6±2.1) were significantly decreased,arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide〔(PaCO2,mmHg):35.1±7.1 vs. 27.2±5.5〕,arterial partial pressure of oxygen〔PaO2(mmHg):93.2±13.2 vs. 49.1±7.2〕and oxygenation index(mmHg:187.1±28.5 vs. 148.2±32.7),Na+(mmol/L:132.1±19.1 vs. 127.1±42.1)were significantly increased compared with those before treatment, there were statistically significant differences(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion The combined treatment of mirabilite,rheum officinale and PHVHF has significant effects on the treatment of patients with SAP,and it can be one of the assistant therapies of SAP.