Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinically isolated Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021,and provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Data of H.influenzae and M.catarrhalis strains isolated from 2015 to 2021 in CHINET program were collected for analysis,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method or automated systems according to the uniform protocol of CHINET.The results were interpreted according to the CLSI breakpoints in 2022.Beta-lactamases was detected by using nitrocefin disk.Results From 2015 to 2021,a total of 43 642 strains of Haemophilus species were isolated,accounting for 2.91％of the total clinical isolates and 4.07％of Gram-negative bacteria in CHINET program.Among the 40 437 strains of H.influenzae,66.89％were isolated from children and 33.11％were isolated from adults.More than 90％of the H.influenzae strains were isolated from respiratory tract specimens.The prevalence of β-lactamase was 53.79％in H.influenzae strains.The H.influenzae strains isolated from children showed higher resistance rate than the strains isolated from adults.Overall,779 strains of H.influenzae did not produce β-lactamase but were resistant to ampicillin(BLNAR).Beta-lactamase-producing strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to these antimicrobial agents than the β-lactamase-nonproducing strains.Of the 16 191 M.catarrhalis strains,80.06％were isolated from children and 19.94％isolated from adults.M.catarrhalis strains were mostly susceptible to both amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime,evidenced by resistance rate lower than 2.0％.Conclusions The emergence of antibiotic-resistant H.influenzae due to β-lactamase production poses a challenge for clinical anti-infective treatment.Therefore,it is very important to implement antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae and guide rational antibiotic use.All local clinical microbiology laboratories should actively improve antibiotic susceptibility testing and strengthen antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinically isolated Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021,and provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Data of H.influenzae and M.catarrhalis strains isolated from 2015 to 2021 in CHINET program were collected for analysis,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method or automated systems according to the uniform protocol of CHINET.The results were interpreted according to the CLSI breakpoints in 2022.Beta-lactamases was detected by using nitrocefin disk.Results From 2015 to 2021,a total of 43 642 strains of Haemophilus species were isolated,accounting for 2.91％of the total clinical isolates and 4.07％of Gram-negative bacteria in CHINET program.Among the 40 437 strains of H.influenzae,66.89％were isolated from children and 33.11％were isolated from adults.More than 90％of the H.influenzae strains were isolated from respiratory tract specimens.The prevalence of β-lactamase was 53.79％in H.influenzae strains.The H.influenzae strains isolated from children showed higher resistance rate than the strains isolated from adults.Overall,779 strains of H.influenzae did not produce β-lactamase but were resistant to ampicillin(BLNAR).Beta-lactamase-producing strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to these antimicrobial agents than the β-lactamase-nonproducing strains.Of the 16 191 M.catarrhalis strains,80.06％were isolated from children and 19.94％isolated from adults.M.catarrhalis strains were mostly susceptible to both amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime,evidenced by resistance rate lower than 2.0％.Conclusions The emergence of antibiotic-resistant H.influenzae due to β-lactamase production poses a challenge for clinical anti-infective treatment.Therefore,it is very important to implement antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae and guide rational antibiotic use.All local clinical microbiology laboratories should actively improve antibiotic susceptibility testing and strengthen antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae.

Objective:To investigate the value of ADC derived from DWI combined with texture analysis derived from T 2WI fat suppressed images in distinguishing benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. Methods:The MRI and DWI images of 94 patients with soft tissue tumors (44 cases with malignant and 50 cases with benign) confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively in the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC West District. ADC values of solid components were measured at GE ADW4.6 workstation. The texture features were extracted by manually drawing the ROI on the maximum level of the T 2WI fat suppressed images; the ADC values and texture parameters between the two groups were statistically analyzed by SPSS17.0, and the multivariate logistic regression model were conducted to analyze and calculate the diagnostic performance. Results:ADC value of benign and malignant soft tissue tumors was (1.6±0.3)×10 -3 mm 2/s, (1.2±0.5)×10 -3 mm 2/s, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant( t=-5.382, P<0.05). Taking 1.28×10 -3 mm 2/s as the critical value, the area under curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of benign and malignant soft tissue tumors was 0.783, the sensitivity was 92.00%, and the specificity was 65.91%. Among the texture features, the AUC of frequency size, skewness, Inertia All Direction_offset7, Inverse Difference Moment angle0_offset1, Inverse Difference Moment angle0_offset7 and Haralick Correlation All Direction_offset4_SD distinguishing benign and malignant soft tissue tumors were 0.825, 0.739, 0.826, 0.816, 0.820 and 0.783, respectively. The AUC, sensitivity and specificity of the best predictive model distinguishing benign and malignant soft tissue tumors were 0.930, 88.00% and 86.36% respectively using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion:ADC combined with texture analysis is of great value in preoperative differentiation of benign and malignant soft tissue tumors.

Objective To explore the optimal HbAlc diagnostic cutpoint in different glucose tolerance populations in the plateau region.Methods (1) 472 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and highrisk groups accepting diabetes screening in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College (217 males and 255 females,≥20 years old,median age 54 years old) were collected,oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HbAlc were tested.(2) the research subjects were divided into normal glucose adjustment group (NGT),Impaired fasting glucose group (IFG) and (or) Impaired glucose tolerance IGT group and diabetes mellitus (DM) group.The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) was explored to determine the optimal HbA1c diagnostic cut point for IFG,IGT and DM status respectively.Results The average HbA1 c values of NGT,IFG and (or) IGT,DM groups were (6.06 ± 0.11) ％,(6.63 ± 0.11) ％,(8.70 ± 2.08)％ respectively,for IFG and IGT groups,the optimal HbA1c diagnostic cut points were 6.7％ and 6.6％,respectively; If use either FBG or 2 h PG to diagnose DM,the corresponding optimal HbA1 c diagnostic cut point was 7.1％ ; If use anyone of FBG or 2hPG to diagnose DM,the corresponding optimal HbA1c diagnostic cut point was 7.0％ ; If both FBG and 2hPG were used to diagnose DM,the corresponding optimal HbA1 c diagnostic cut point was 7.1％.Conclusion Preliminarily confirm the optimal HbA1c diagnostic cut point in different glucose tolerance populations in the plateau region of Kunming,and provide the evidence for further clinical application of HbA1c.