Objective To explore the value of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Clinical data of 98 patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed.This cohort included 65 patients with pathologically confirmed malignant lymph nodes and 33 patients with benign lymph nodes.Prior to pathological diagnosis,all patients underwent routine MRI scans and DWI.ADC values of both benign and malignant lymph nodes were recorded.The diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Additionally,the diagnostic efficacy of MRI and ADC values in distinguishing benign and malignant lymph nodes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma was compared.Results Of the 65 patients with malignant lymph nodes,42 cases were accompanied by liquefactive necrosis,and 13 cases were accompanied by extracapsular invasion.Most benign lymph nodes showed no signal on DWI sequence,while malignant lymph nodes showed obvious high signal or mixed signals.The ADC value of benign lymph nodes was(1.724±0.365)×10-3 mm2/s,which was higher than that of malignant nodes(1.022±0.210)×10-3 mm2/s(P＜0.01).The ROC curve analysis results showed that the area under the curve of ADC value for diagnosing benign and malignant lymph nodes was 0.843(95%CI:0.782-0.904),with a cutoff value of 1.363×10-3 mm2/s.At this point,the sensitivity and specificity for differentiating benign and malignant lymph nodes were 0.856 and 0.849,respectively,and Youden index was 0.705.When the ADC value was lower than the cutoff value,the accuracy,sensitivity and specificity for differentiating cervical lymph nodes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were 0.878,0.892 and 0.848,respectively,which were superior to MRI(P＜0.05).Conclusion The DWI images of malignant lymph nodes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma show high signal and low ADC,and ADC has high efficiency in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes.

Objective To explore the value of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Clinical data of 98 patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed.This cohort included 65 patients with pathologically confirmed malignant lymph nodes and 33 patients with benign lymph nodes.Prior to pathological diagnosis,all patients underwent routine MRI scans and DWI.ADC values of both benign and malignant lymph nodes were recorded.The diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Additionally,the diagnostic efficacy of MRI and ADC values in distinguishing benign and malignant lymph nodes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma was compared.Results Of the 65 patients with malignant lymph nodes,42 cases were accompanied by liquefactive necrosis,and 13 cases were accompanied by extracapsular invasion.Most benign lymph nodes showed no signal on DWI sequence,while malignant lymph nodes showed obvious high signal or mixed signals.The ADC value of benign lymph nodes was(1.724±0.365)×10-3 mm2/s,which was higher than that of malignant nodes(1.022±0.210)×10-3 mm2/s(P＜0.01).The ROC curve analysis results showed that the area under the curve of ADC value for diagnosing benign and malignant lymph nodes was 0.843(95%CI:0.782-0.904),with a cutoff value of 1.363×10-3 mm2/s.At this point,the sensitivity and specificity for differentiating benign and malignant lymph nodes were 0.856 and 0.849,respectively,and Youden index was 0.705.When the ADC value was lower than the cutoff value,the accuracy,sensitivity and specificity for differentiating cervical lymph nodes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were 0.878,0.892 and 0.848,respectively,which were superior to MRI(P＜0.05).Conclusion The DWI images of malignant lymph nodes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma show high signal and low ADC,and ADC has high efficiency in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes.

BACKGROUND: LY01005 (Goserelin acetate sustained-release microsphere injection) is a modified gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist injected monthly. This phase III trial study aimed to evaluated the efficacy and safety of LY01005 in Chinese patients with prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial across 49 sites in China. This study included 290 patients with prostate cancer who received either LY01005 or goserelin implants every 28 days for three injections. The primary efficacy endpoints were the percentage of patients with testosterone suppression ≤50 ng/dL at day 29 and the cumulative probability of testosterone ≤50 ng/dL from day 29 to 85. Non-inferiority was prespecified at a margin of -10%. Secondary endpoints included significant castration (≤20 ng/dL), testosterone surge within 72 h following repeated dosing, and changes in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prostate specific antigen levels. RESULTS: On day 29, in the LY01005 and goserelin implant groups, testosterone concentrations fell below medical-castration levels in 99.3% (142/143) and 100% (140/140) of patients, respectively, with a difference of -0.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], -3.9% to 2.0%) between the two groups. The cumulative probabilities of maintaining castration from days 29 to 85 were 99.3% and 97.8%, respectively, with a between-group difference of 1.5% (95% CI, -1.3% to 4.4%). Both results met the criterion for non-inferiority. Secondary endpoints were similar between groups. Both treatments were well-tolerated. LY01005 was associated with fewer injection-site reactions than the goserelin implant (0% vs . 1.4% [2/145]). CONCLUSION: LY01005 is as effective as goserelin implants in reducing testosterone to castration levels, with a similar safety profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04563936.
Humans ; Male ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use* ; East Asian People ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists* ; Goserelin/therapeutic use* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Testosterone

Objective:To study the characteristics and clinical diagnostic value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) for prostate cancer (PCa).Methods:The clinical data of patients with PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated in Qinhuangdao Second Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into PCa group and BPH group. T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI were performed respectively. The T2WI image characteristics, peripheral band and transitional band apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and DCE-MRI image types were compared between the two groups. Patients in the two groups were evaluated by Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) v2 Score. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of mp-MRI sequences in the differential diagnosis of PCA and BPH.Results:There were significant differences in image features of T2WI and DWI between PCa group and BPH group; the ADC values of both patients in peripheral zone were significantly higher than those in transition zone (all P<0.05); the ADC values of PCa patients in peripheral zone and transition zone were significantly lower than those of BPH patients (all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the types of DCE-MRI images in PCa and BPH patients ( P<0.05), and the Tmax of PCa patients was significantly lower than that of BPH patients ( P<0.05), while the SImax was significantly higher than that of BPH patients ( P<0.05). PI-RADS v2 Score showed that there were statistically significant differences in the T2WI and DWI scores between PCa patients and BPH patients ( P<0.05), and the positive rates of DCE-MRI in the two groups were 94.00% and 24.00% respectively ( P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity of T2WI, DWI, DCE-MRI and combined diagnosis of PCa and BPH were 64.0%, 76.0%, 94.0% and 96.0% respectively, and the specificity were 90.0%, 92.0%, 76.0% and 84.0%. Conclusions:mp-MRI sequences have many differences in PCa and BPH. Combined with RI-RADS v2, it can effectively identify and is of great significance for improving the early diagnosis of PCa.

Objective:To systematically review the correlation between serum Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) level and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:The PubMed, Embase, Ovid, CBM (China Biology Medicine), Wanfang Databases were searched for studies on the correlation between serum M2BPGi level and HCC. After the selection process, 16 papers were included in this systematic review. A total of 7 810 patients were enrolled in the study, including 629 patients with HCC. The RevMan 5.2 software and R 4.1.2 software were used for the meta-analysis.Results:The elevated level of M2BPGi was significant positively associated with the risk of HCC( HR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.82-2.86, P<0.01). In Japan and Chinese groups, the elevated level of M2BPGi was significantly associated with an increased risk of HCC, with HR of 4.77 (95% CI: 2.73-8.32, P<0.01) and 2.04 (95% CI: 1.38-3.03, P<0.01), respectively. The elevated level of M2BPGi in three subgroups of people with untreated hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, during treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and after HCV virological cure predicted an increased risk of HCC, with HR of 3.14 (95% CI: 2.19-4.50, P<0.01), 2.09 (95% CI: 1.36-3.22, P<0.01) and 5.07 (95% CI: 1.57-16.42, P<0.01), respectively. Conclusion:The elevated level of M2BPGi can indicate the increased risk of HCC, which can be used as one of the early warning indicators of HCC.

Objective:To analyze the diagnosis value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in prostate cancer, and its relationship with clinicopathological grade.Methods:The clinical data of 50 patients with prostate cancer and 50 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia from January to May 2019 in Qinhuangdao Second Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were examined by mpMRI, and the results were assessed by 2 radiologists according to the prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2 (PI-RADS 2). The mpMRI results were compared with Gleason score (GS). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of mpMRI for prostate cancer.Results:For single sequence of mpMRI, when the cut-off value of DWI sequence was higher than 2 scores, the area under the curve (AUC) in diagnosis of prostate cancer was 0.951, and the sensitivity and specificity were 94.00% and 88.00%, respectively; when the cut-off value of T 2WI sequence was higher than 3 scores, the AUC in diagnosis of prostate cancer was 0.920, and the sensitivity and specificity were 80.00% and 96.00%, respectively; when DEE was positive, the AUC in diagnosis of prostate cancer was 0.810, and the sensitivity and specificity were 94.00% and 68.00%, respectively; when the 3 indexes were combined to diagnose prostate cancer, the AUC was 0.960, and the sensitivity and specificity were 90.00% and 96.00%, respectively. The ADC in patients with GS pathology graded low-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk prostate cancer was (0.95 ± 0.11), (0.75 ± 0.12) and (0.61 ± 0.13) × 10 -3 mm 2/s, and the maximum tumor diameter was (1.27 ± 0.45), (2.17 ± 0.54) and (2.86 ± 0.63) cm. With the increase of the GS pathological grade, the ADC decreased, the maximum tumor diameter increased, and there were statistical differences ( F = 20.519 and 20.396, P<0.01). Spearman correlation analysis result showed that GS had negative correlation with ADC ( r = - 0.765, P<0.01), and positive correlation with the maximum tumor diameter ( r = 0.413, P<0.01). Conclusions:The diagnostic efficiency of mpMRI PI-RADS 2 for prostate cancer is relatively higher. ADC is negatively correlated with GS pathological grade, and the maximum tumor diameter is positively correlated with GS pathological grade, which provides a basis for preoperative diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Objective:To explore application of multi-parameters magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in diagnosis of prostate cancer patients, and to analyze the relationship between various parameters and expression level of tissue Ki-67.Methods:One hundred patients suspected with prostate cancer who had underwent multi-parameters MRI before surgery from June 2018 to June 2019 in Qinhuangdao Second Hospital were enrolled. Taking preoperative needle biopsy pathology as golden standard, it was confirmed that there were 50 cases with prostate cancer and 50 cases with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Imaging features were compared between the two groups. The patients with prostate cancer underwent transrectal ultrasound guided perineal prostate biopsy. The expression of Ki-67 in prostate tissue was detected. The relationship between parameters of multi-parameters MRI and expression level of Ki-67 was analyzed.Results:The combination diagnosis of T 2WI sequence, dynamic contrast-enhanced scan and diffusion-weighted imaging showed that there were 55 positive cases and 45 negative cases. The sensitivity and specificity of combined detection for diagnosis of prostate cancer were 92.00% (46/50) and 82.00% (41/50) respectively. Compared with BPH group, ADC and Tmax level in prostate cancer group were significantly decreased: (0.67 ± 0.13) × 10 -3 mm 2/s vs. (1.28 ± 0.17) × 10 -3 mm 2/s, [(17.43 ± 2.38) s vs. (22.37 ± 3.61) s, while SImax level was significantly increased: (1.85 ± 0.21)% vs. (1.48 ± 0.17)%, P<0.05. The positive index of Ki-67 in prostate cancer patients was significantly higher than that in BPH patients: (68.15 ± 6.31)% vs. (12.64 ± 2.58)%, P<0.05. The positive expression index of Ki-67 was negatively correlated with ADC ( r=-0.516, P<0.05), while positively correlated with maximum enhancement degree ( r=0.426, P<0.05). Conclusions:Multi-parameters MRI can help distinguish prostate cancer and BPH, which is of relatively higher sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of prostate cancer. There is certain correlation between MRI findings and Ki67, which can reflect proliferation activity of tumor cells.

AIM:To investigate the roles of ClC-3 chloride channels in the regulation of cell cycle and the re-lationship between ClC-3 chloride channels and the cell cycle regulators , such as cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4, CDK6, P21 and P27 in the HeLa cells.METHODS:ClC-3 genes were silenced by the siRNA technique in the HeLa cells.The transfection efficiency of ClC-3 siRNA was detected by real-time PCR.The cell cycle distribution was ana-lyzed by the flow cytometry .The protein expression of ClC-3, P21, P27, CDK4, CDK6 and cyclin D1 was determined by Western blot .RESULTS:ClC-3 was knocked down by ClC-3 siRNA in the HeLa cells .Transfection of the cells with ClC-3 siRNA arrested the cells at G0/G1 phases, decreased the expression of cyclin D1, CDK4 and CDK6, and increased the expression of P21 and P27.CONCLUSION:ClC-3 plays an important role in the cell cycle of HeLa cells through the G 1-S transition point.ClC-3 may regulate the cell cycle progression by up-regulation of cyclin D1, CDK4 and CDK6 expression and/or by down-regulation of P21 and P27 expression.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the improvement effect of Prostatitis capsule on chronic non-bacterial prostatitis(CNP) model rats. METHODS:60 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (distilled water),model group (distilled wa-ter),Pule'an tablet group(positive control,2 g/kg)and Prostatitis capsule high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose groups(16,8,4 g/kg). Except for sham operation group,other 5 groups were injected Xiaozhiling injection 0.2 mL to reduce CNP model. After 7 d of modeling,they received related medicines,ig,once a day,for 45 d. After 24 h of last administration,prostate lesions were ob-served by eyes and wet quality was weighed. White blood cell(WBC)count and lecithin body(SPL)count were conducted under microscope,and prostate tissue slices were pathologically observed. RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group,prostate showed gray nodules,adhesion in glands and surrounding tissue;wet quality of prostate and WBC,SPL count in prostate tissue were significantly increased(P<0.01);under microscope,there were significant congestion,edema and a variety of inflammatory cell infiltration in prostate interstitial. Compared with model group,gray nodules in prostate in Pule'an tablet group and Prostatitis capsule group were reduced,as well as adhesion degree in prostate and surrounding tissue;wet quality of prostate and WBC,SPL count in prostate tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.01);pathological changes had improved to varying degrees under micro-scope,especially the changes in Prostatitis capsule high-dose group,and prostate tissue only showed mild congestion,edema and little inflammatory cell infiltration. CONCLUSIONS:Prostatitis capsule has a certain improvement effect on CNP model rats.