Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided semispinalis capitis plane (SCP) block for treatment of occipital neuralgia (ON).Methods:This was a prospective study. Ninety patients of both sexes, aged 29-66 yr, suffering ON for 3 months-6 yr in Zibo Municipal Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023, were divided into 3 groups ( n=30 each) using a random number table method: combination of greater occipital nerve (GON) block and the third occipital nerve (TON) block group (group GT), SCP block via the medial head of semispinalis capitis muscle (SCM) group (group Sm), and SCP block via the space between obliquus capitis inferior and C 2, 3 facet joint (OCI-C 2, 3) group (group OC). In GT group, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory compound solution 2.5 ml was injected around GON in the SCM-OCI space at the C 2 level of the cervical vertebra and at the lateral surface of C 2, 3 facet joint. In Sm group, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory compound solution 5 ml was injected into the medial head of SCM at the level of C 1. In OC group, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory compound solution 5 ml was injected into the OCI-C 2, 3 space in the deep part of SCM. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score were recorded before treatment (T 1) and at 1, 3, 7, 10 and 14 days after treatment (T 2-6), and then the rates of pain relief and improvement in sleep quality were calculated. The time spent in blocking, onset time of blocking, completion time of blocking, duration of block, and occurrence of adverse reactions within 24 h after block were recorded. Results:There were no significant differences in VAS scores and PSQI scores at T 1-3 and T 5-6 among the three groups ( P>0.05), and VAS and PSQI scores were significantly higher at T 4 in Sm group than in OC and GT groups ( P<0.05). Compared with GT group, the time spent in blocking was significantly shortened, the onset time and completion time of block was prolonged, and the duration of block was shortened in Sm group, and the time spent in blocking was significantly shortened, the onset time and completion time of block was shortened ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the duration of block in OC group ( P>0.05). No severe complications were observed in the three groups. Conclusions:Compared with the combination of GON and TON blocks, ultrasound-guided SCP block for treating ON is simple and highly safe, SCP block via the OCI-C 2, 3 space has rapid onset and long duration, leading to significant improvements in pain and sleep quality, and it can be used as the first-choice block method for treating ON.

Objective:To discuss the treatment methods for old pelvic fractures and urethral injuries in young girls.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 10 girls, mean age of(8.5±4.3)years with old pelvic fractures and urethral injuries treated with different surgical methods in our hospital from April 2015 to April 2023. 7 cases were complicated with urethrovaginal fistula, 1 case was complicated with vesicovaginal fistula; 5 patients had distal urethral atresia or stenosis; 5 cases complicated with vaginal stenosis or partial atresia. One case underwent repair of urethrovaginal fistula via transpertoineal approach, two cases underwent urethral anastomosis (end to end anastomosis) via transpubic approach, one case underwent repair of urethrovaginal fistula and bladder neck urethral anastomosis via transpubic approach, four cases underwent urethroplasty repair of urethrovaginal fistula and bladder neck reconstruction surgery, one underwent urethroplasty and bladder neck reconstruction surgery via transpubic approach, one underwent augmented enterocystoplasty and continent urinary diversion by using the appendix. Observe the urination condition after operation (Urinary incontinence is defined as the use of more than 1 piece of urine pad per day, good urination is defined as the use of ≤ 1 piece of urine pad per day, and dysuria is defined as the complaint of laborious urination, and the maximum urine flow rate is less than 10 ml/s).Results:All surgeries were successfully completed without complications such as wound infection or tissue necrosis.The postoperative follow-up time was (52.0±26.2) months. 2 cases achieved good continence and no dysuria.Postoperative complications occurred in 7 cases, of which 2 cases had dysuria due to urethral stricture and improved after urethral dilatation; 5 cases of urethrovaginal fistula recurred, of which 3 cases had undergone rerepair surgery, and 2 of them achieved good urinary control without dysuria. One case with enterocystoplasty and contiunent urinary diversion recovered well after surgery.Conclusions:The management of old pelvic fractures and urethral injuries in girls is complicated, with a high rate of postoperative complications. It is necessary to choose appropriate treatment methods based on age, severity of the lesion, and urethral and vaginal conditions.

Objective To investigate the value of serum IgG4 level in the differential diagnosis of IgG4-related pancreatic and hepatobiliary disease (IgG4-PHD) and non-IgG4-related disease (non-IgG4-RD). Methods Clinical data were collected from 491 patients who were hospitalized and 50 individuals who underwent physical examination in Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Subei People's Hospital, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from August 2014 to April 2021. The 491 patients were divided into IgG4-PHD group with 20 patients, non-IgG4-RD autoimmune disease group with 431 patients (104 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 79 with rheumatoid arthritis, 174 with Sjogren's syndrome, 16 with ankylosing spondylitis, 11 with scleroderma, 4 with adult-onset Still's disease, 30 with myositis, 3 with psoriasis, and 10 with primary sclerosing cholangitis), and malignant pancreatic/hepatobiliary tumor group with 40 patients, and the 50 individuals undergoing physical examination were enrolled as healthy control group. Scattering immunoturbidimetric assay was used to measure serum IgG4 concentration. The two-sample Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to determine the optimal cut-off value of serum IgG4 in the diagnosis of IgG4-PHD. Results The IgG4-PHD group had a significantly higher serum IgG4 level than the non-IgG4-RD autoimmune disease groups, the malignant pancreatic/hepatobiliary tumor group, and the healthy control group (all P < 0.05), and the Sjogren's syndrome group had a significantly lower serum IgG4 level than the healthy control group ( Z =2.958, P < 0.05). With serum IgG4 ≥1.35 g/L and IgG4 ≥2.01 g/L as the cut-off values, the IgG4-PHD group had a significantly higher positive rate than the non-IgG4-RD autoimmune disease group and the healthy control group (all P < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that IgG4 had an area under the ROC curve of 0.980 in the differential diagnosis of IgG4-PHD and non-IgG4-RD autoimmune diseases, with a sensitivity of 100.00% and a specificity of 94.00% at the optimal cut-off value of 2.21 g/L. Conclusion Serum IgG4 level may also increase in non-IgG4-RD autoimmune diseases, while the cut-off value of 2.21 g/L can improve the differential diagnosis of IgG4-PHD and non-IgG4-RD autoimmune diseases, which requires further verification in clinical practice.

Objective:To systematically analyze the IgG seroprevalence of mumps virus (MuV) in Chinese healthy population, and evaluate the immune effect based on the immunization strategy and the incidence of mumps in China.Methods:The databases of Wanfang data knowledge service platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched to retrieve literature about the level of MuV IgG antibody in Chinese healthy population from January 1, 2000, to March 31, 2022. The quality of eligible papers was appraised by using the cross-sectional study evaluation tool from Joanna Briggs Institute. Data analysis, including the stratified analysis of the IgG seroprevalence in different generations, regions, gender, immunization status, and age groups, was performed using R 4.1.2 and Stata 16.0.Results:A total of 69 papers (66 in Chinese and 3 in English) were included, involving 97 034 people in 26 administrative regions across China. The results showed that the MuV IgG seroprevalence in Chinese healthy population was 74.87% (95% CI: 71.41%-78.17%) and increased over time according to the cumulative Meta-analysis. The geometric mean concentration of antibody was 177.83 U/ml. The subgroup analysis showed that the positive rate of MuV IgG antibody increased with the age and vaccination doses. The positive rate of antibody in children aged from 0 to 17 months was only 32.42% (95% CI: 25.96%-38.88%). The highest positive rate was reported in North China, about 81.45% (95% CI: 75.76%-87.14%). In addition, the positive rate of MuV IgG antibody in urban population was higher than that in rural population ( P<0.01) and the positive rate of MuV IgG antibody in women was higher than that in men ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Since the vaccine was included in the expanded immunization program, the positive rate of mumps antibody in China has increased, and the antibody level varies in different regions and populations. It is still necessary to improve the MuV antibody level in Chinese healthy population, so as to better prevent and control the mumps epidemic in the future.

Objective:To systematically analyze the IgG seroprevalence of mumps virus (MuV) in Chinese healthy population, and evaluate the immune effect based on the immunization strategy and the incidence of mumps in China.Methods:The databases of Wanfang data knowledge service platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched to retrieve literature about the level of MuV IgG antibody in Chinese healthy population from January 1, 2000, to March 31, 2022. The quality of eligible papers was appraised by using the cross-sectional study evaluation tool from Joanna Briggs Institute. Data analysis, including the stratified analysis of the IgG seroprevalence in different generations, regions, gender, immunization status, and age groups, was performed using R 4.1.2 and Stata 16.0.Results:A total of 69 papers (66 in Chinese and 3 in English) were included, involving 97 034 people in 26 administrative regions across China. The results showed that the MuV IgG seroprevalence in Chinese healthy population was 74.87% (95% CI: 71.41%-78.17%) and increased over time according to the cumulative Meta-analysis. The geometric mean concentration of antibody was 177.83 U/ml. The subgroup analysis showed that the positive rate of MuV IgG antibody increased with the age and vaccination doses. The positive rate of antibody in children aged from 0 to 17 months was only 32.42% (95% CI: 25.96%-38.88%). The highest positive rate was reported in North China, about 81.45% (95% CI: 75.76%-87.14%). In addition, the positive rate of MuV IgG antibody in urban population was higher than that in rural population ( P<0.01) and the positive rate of MuV IgG antibody in women was higher than that in men ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Since the vaccine was included in the expanded immunization program, the positive rate of mumps antibody in China has increased, and the antibody level varies in different regions and populations. It is still necessary to improve the MuV antibody level in Chinese healthy population, so as to better prevent and control the mumps epidemic in the future.

Objective:To investigate the variation characteristics and influencing factors of HIV/AIDS subtypes in Wuxi city of Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2016.Methods:HIV/AIDS population in Wuxi city in 2014 was selected as the research object, and the HIV molecular epidemiology and follow-up study were carried out. Collect epidemiological information, extract DNA from blood samples, amplify pol gene fragment by nest-PCR and sequence, use ChromasPro 1.6 software and MEGA 7.0 software to construct the HIV-1 sequence database, and use FastTree2.1.10 software to construct the phylogenetic tree to confirm the subtype; in 2016, the same population was followed up, and the HIV subtype variation was analyzed, and the influencing factors of subtype variation were explored by multivariate logistic regression. Results:A total of 612 HIV/AIDS cases in 2014 and 2016 were collected. The age of the subjects was mainly 30 years old or above (85.46%, 523/612), and the proportion of people over 50 years old was higher (228/612, 37.25%). The main route of transmission was homosexuality, accounting for 49.67%. A total of 1224 samples were detected and CRF01 _ AE、CRF07_ BC、B、CRF08_ BC、CRF67_ 01B、CRF55_ 01B、CRF68_ 01B, 7 subtypes of HIV-1 and 5 unique recombinant types (URFs) was detected. CRF01_ AE and CRF07_ BC was still the main genotype in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, accounting for 66.75%. There were 29 cases (3.56%) of URFs recombinant strains. During 2014-2016, the variation rate of subtypes was 14.63%, and the most common variation was CRF01_ AE changes to CRF07_ BC(13.95%). Marital status (OR=0.363, 95% CI: 0.137-0.964) and baseline CD4 level (OR=0.414, 95% CI: 0.192-0.891) were associated with subtype variation.Conclusions:The HIV-1 subtypes of HIV/AIDS patients in Wuxi city are diverse and complex, the proportion of recombinant subtypes is rising, the URFs that are difficult to determine the genotype increase significantly, and the variation rate of HIV-1 subtypes among HIV/AIDS infected people is high. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of HIV-1 subtypes.

Dihydroflavanol-4-reductase (Dfr) is a key enzyme that regulates the synthesis of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. To investigate the difference of dfr gene in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi with different colors in the same ecological environment, three complete full-length sequences of dfr gene were cloned from the cDNA of S. baicalensis with white, purple-red and purple colors using homologous cloning and RACE techniques. The three genes were named Sbdfr1, Sbdfr2 and Sbdfr3, respectively, and their corresponding structures were analyzed. The results showed that all three Dfr proteins have highly conserved NADPH binding sites and substrate-specific binding sites. Phylogenetic analysis showed that they are closely related to that of the known S. viscidula (ACV49882.1). Analysis of key structural domains and 3D models revealed differences in the catalytically active regions on the surface of all three Dfr proteins, and their unique structural characteristics may provide favorable conditions for studying the substrate specificity of different Dfr proteins. qRT-PCR analysis shows that dfr was expressed at different level in all tissues except the roots of S. baicalensis in full-bloom. During floral development, the expression level of dfr in white and purple-flowered Scutellaria showed an overall upward trend. In purple-red-flowered Scutellaria, the expression first slowly increased, followed by a decrease, and then rapidly increased to the maximum. This research provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the mechanism and function of Dfr substrate selectivity, and are of great scientific value for elucidating the molecular mechanism of floral color variation in S. baicalensis.
Anthocyanins ; Cloning, Molecular ; Color ; Phylogeny ; Scutellaria baicalensis/genetics*

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), one of the major viral diseases of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit., has had a serious impact on its yield and quality. The construction of viral infectious clones is a powerful tool for reverse genetics research on viral gene function and interaction between virus and host. To clarify the molecular mechanism of SMV infection in Pinellia ternata, it is particularly important to construct the SMV full-length cDNA infectious clone. Therefore, the infectious clone of Soybean mosaic virus Shanxi Pinellia ternata isolate (SMV-SXBX) was constructed in this study by Gibson in vitro recombination system, and the healthy Pinellia ternata leaves were inoculated by Agrobacterium infiltration, further through mechanical passage and RT-PCR, confirming that the 3' end of the SMV-SXBX infectious clone had a stable infectivity when it contained 56-nt of poly(A) tail. This method is not only convenient and efficient, but also avoids the instability of SMV infectious clones in Escherichia coli. The construction of SMV full-length infectious cDNA clones laid the foundation for further study on the molecular mechanism of SMV replication and pathogenesis.
DNA, Complementary ; Pinellia ; virology ; Plant Diseases ; virology ; Potyvirus ; isolation & purification ; metabolism

Objective: To investigate the manufacturing procedures of personalized miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expanders (pMARPE) using digital technologies and to evaluate the effect of the expanders when expanding the midpalatal suture of an adult. Methods: Digital technologies were used to make pMARPE, which was used to treat a 21-year-old woman with maxillary transverse deficiency (MTD). The relevant literature on MARPE was reviewed. Results: PMARPE could be manufactured using intraoral digital scanning, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM ), and 3D printing technologies. After expansion, the width of the anterior midpalatal suture, posterior midpalatal suture and maxillary skeletal width increased by 3.9 mm, 3.2 mm and 4.7 mm, respectively. There was no significant change in the inclination of maxillary first molars, and the height of alveolar ridge decreased slightly. It could be seen that using digital technologies to manufacture personalized expanders was possible for MARPE , and the initial stability of miniscrews played an important role in the expansion success rate, the increase of molar inclination is composed of many parts, and the decrease of alveolar ridge height may be overestimated due to the measurement method, as shown by a literature review. Conclusion The midpalatal suture of an adult patient with MTD could be expanded by pMARPE. However, the effect of this expander on the inclination of the first molar and alveolar bone height needs to be further studied with a larger sample size.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of shikonin, acetylshikonin and β, β-dimethylacrylshikonin in Arnebia euchroma. METHODS: RP-HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Kromasil 100-5 C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0. 1％ formic acid solution (80: 20, V/V) at the flow rate of 1. 0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 516 nm, column temperature was 25 ℃, and sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS: The linear ranges of shikonin, acetylshikonin and β, β-dimethylacrylshikonin were 0. 404-10. 100 μg/mL(r=0. 999 8), 5. 350-107. 000 μg/mL(r=0. 999 6), 2. 035-40. 700 μg/mL(r=0. 999 8), respectively. The limit of quantitation was 0. 40, 2. 91, 1. 34 μg/mL, and the limit of detection was 0. 12, 0. 87, 0. 40 μg/mL. RSDs of precision, stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2. 0％ (n=6). The recovery rate were 99. 12％-104. 18％ (RSD=1. 85％, n=6), 96. 51％-100. 21％ (RSD=1. 43％, n=6), 98. 11％-102. 51％ (RSD=1. 42％, n=6), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The method is simple, precise, stable and reproducible. It can be used for simultaneous determination of shikonin, acetylshikonin and β, β-dimethylacrylshikonin in A. euchroma.