Objective:To establish an ex vivo model of button battery-induced esophageal injury in New Zealand rabbits and evaluate the interventive effects of vegetable oil through esophageal histopathological scoring.Methods:Thirty-six esophageal segments (≈5 cm length) from 10 cm specimen of 18 male rabbits were divided into model groups (15-min, 2-hr, and 6-hr exposure; n=6/group) and intervention groups (olive/peanut/soybean oil infusion; n=6/group). Button batteries were inserted to esophageal segments of model groups. Voltage drop of the battery, pH at negative electrode contact site, and histopathological injury scores were assessed. In the intervention group, button batteries were placed in the esophageal segment for 15 minutes, and olive oil, peanut oil, and soybean oil were infused. The above indicators were observed 6 hours after the button batteries were placed. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences of esophageal mucosal tissue damage across time points and oil types. Results:There was no significant difference in the pH value of the negative electrode contact area (9.50±0.56, 10.67±0.80, 11.17±0.40, F=1.955, P>0.05), but the discharge voltage (42.67±4.60 mV, 90.00±2.07 mV, 125.83±2.80 mV, F=156.9, P<0.001) and pathological injury scores (3.50±1.09 scores, 5.33±0.72 scores, 8.67±0.67 scores, F=9.623, P=0.002) in the model groups were significantly different. There was significant difference in pathological injury score between the 6-hour model group and the three intervention groups (8.67±0.67 scores, 7.33±0.62 scores, 6.50±0.43 scores, 6.67±0.42 scores, F=3.279, P=0.042). The difference in pathological injury score between the peanut oil intervention group and the 6-hour model group was statistically significant (mean difference=2.167, P<0.05). Conclusion:This ex vivo model effectively simulates battery-induced esophageal injury. Household peanut oil demonstrates significant protective effects, providing experimental basis for prehospital management of battery corrosion.

Objective:To establish an ex vivo model of button battery-induced esophageal injury in New Zealand rabbits and evaluate the interventive effects of vegetable oil through esophageal histopathological scoring.Methods:Thirty-six esophageal segments (≈5 cm length) from 10 cm specimen of 18 male rabbits were divided into model groups (15-min, 2-hr, and 6-hr exposure; n=6/group) and intervention groups (olive/peanut/soybean oil infusion; n=6/group). Button batteries were inserted to esophageal segments of model groups. Voltage drop of the battery, pH at negative electrode contact site, and histopathological injury scores were assessed. In the intervention group, button batteries were placed in the esophageal segment for 15 minutes, and olive oil, peanut oil, and soybean oil were infused. The above indicators were observed 6 hours after the button batteries were placed. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences of esophageal mucosal tissue damage across time points and oil types. Results:There was no significant difference in the pH value of the negative electrode contact area (9.50±0.56, 10.67±0.80, 11.17±0.40, F=1.955, P>0.05), but the discharge voltage (42.67±4.60 mV, 90.00±2.07 mV, 125.83±2.80 mV, F=156.9, P<0.001) and pathological injury scores (3.50±1.09 scores, 5.33±0.72 scores, 8.67±0.67 scores, F=9.623, P=0.002) in the model groups were significantly different. There was significant difference in pathological injury score between the 6-hour model group and the three intervention groups (8.67±0.67 scores, 7.33±0.62 scores, 6.50±0.43 scores, 6.67±0.42 scores, F=3.279, P=0.042). The difference in pathological injury score between the peanut oil intervention group and the 6-hour model group was statistically significant (mean difference=2.167, P<0.05). Conclusion:This ex vivo model effectively simulates battery-induced esophageal injury. Household peanut oil demonstrates significant protective effects, providing experimental basis for prehospital management of battery corrosion.

To analyze the factors affecting the cost of hospitalization for patients and provide insights using the intrauterine lesion surgery group (DRG code NE19) as an example.

OBJECTIVE To establish the project approval evaluation system for traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） preparations in medical institutions guided by new drug conversion， to improve the success rate of approval for TCM preparations in medical institutions and lay the foundation for the later drug conversion. METHODS Research and development team used the literature research method and brainstorming method to list and organize relevant elements of project evaluation and determine the initial indicator system. Experts were consulted using the Delphi method to confirm the evaluation index. The weights were calculated based on the proportion of importance scores for each indicator and assigned specific scores to each item. The indicator system was used to evaluate 31 TCM preparations applied for filing by various departments of our hospital from April to July 2023. RESULTS After two rounds of 17 experts’ consultation， the final TCM preparation system included five primary indicators， i.e. theoretical basis， clinical research foundation， pharmaceutical foundation， prescription， and clinical value， as well as 17 secondary indicators including prescription source， traditional Chinese medicine theory， clinical positioning and so on. Human experience was considered as the item which would be rejected as one vote. Based on the above indicator system， our hospital further improved the filing and project approval process for TCM preparations in medical institutions. Among the 31 TCM preparations applied for filing by various departments from April to July 2023， 8 TCM preparations with a score ≥65 were selected for development. CONCLUSIONS The evaluation system is objective， comprehensive， and highly operable. It is suitable for the selection of TCM preparations in medical institutions before research and development.

Humans ; Dapsone/adverse effects* ; Drug Hypersensitivity/etiology* ; Hypersensitivity ; Syndrome

Objective:To explore the characteristics, clinical manifestations and gene mutation types of Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLs), and to improve the understanding of the disease.Methods:Clinical data and gene test results of a pediatric case of CdLs diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University in August 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.Results:A female patient with 2 years and 8 months old presented a special appearance with a low and flat nose, a wide eye distance, audition ears, a downward inclination of the mouth corner, a high arch of the jaw and a small jaw deformity, who had recurrent seizures, speech and mental retardation.The result of gene test showed the mutation of SMC1A gene c. 2923C > T, and thus the patient was diagnosed as type 2 CdLs. Conclusions:CdLs is a rare genetic metabolic disease with special facial features and physical signs.There is only one case of CdLs with gene mutation of SMC1A in China through literature review.The mutation of SMC1A gene c. 2923C>T in CdLs cases has not been reported at home and abroad, which expands the variation spectrum of the SMC1A gene.

【Objective:】 Using classic moral dilemma cases, this paper investigates the choice tendency of medical students when facing the moral dilemma, and analyzes their cognitive status and characteristics when facing the "moral dilemma", in order to provide effective enlightenment for optimizing the teaching cases of medical ethics. 【 Method:】 771 medical students in Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were investigated by electronic questionnaire and SPSS 20.0 for statistical description and statistical analysis. 【Result:】 In the emergency room doctors and transition scenes, medical students tend to the principle of maximum happiness, and in the ring track scene and pedestrian overpass scene, they tend to the principle of deontology; In the loop track scene and pedestrian overpass scene, boys are more inclined to deontological principles than girls, and undergraduates are more inclined to deontological principles than postgraduates, and the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). 【Conclusion:】 Although medical students have different moral tendencies in different scenes, they generally do not agree with the practice of sacrificing one person to save five people. Especially when more rigorous sacrifice conditions cause greater moral pressure, the vast majority of medical students will tend to the latter between utilitarianism and deontological principles.

Abstract Health literacy is closely related to the response to public health emergencies. This paper begins with health literacy evaluation tools in adults, then focuses on recent progress made in health literacy evaluation tools in adolescents from the perspective of public health emergencies. The development of adolescent health literacy evaluation tools, health education and health literacy from the perspective of public health emergencies should be greatly enhanced, helping adolescents to better respond to public health emergencies and maintain their physical and mental health.

Single-cell genomics provides substantial resources for dissecting cellular heterogeneity and cancer evolution. Unfortunately, classical DNA amplification-based methods have low throughput and introduce coverage bias during sample preamplification. We developed a single-cell DNA library preparation method without preamplification in nanolitre scale (scDPN) to address these issues. The method achieved a throughput of up to 1800 cells per run for copy number variation (CNV) detection. Also, our approach demonstrated a lower level of amplification bias and noise than the multiple displacement amplification (MDA) method and showed high sensitivity and accuracy for cell line and tumor tissue evaluation. We used this approach to profile the tumor clones in paired primary and relapsed tumor samples of hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC). We identified three clonal subpopulations with a multitude of aneuploid alterations across the genome. Furthermore, we observed that a minor clone of the primary tumor containing additional alterations in chro-mosomes 1q, 10q, and 14q developed into the dominant clone in the recurrent tumor, indicating clonal selection during recurrence in HCC. Overall, this approach provides a comprehensive and scalable solution to understand genome hetero-geneity and evolution.

Objective: To analyze application fields of 5G communication technology in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic prevention and control, and build a 5G intelligent medical service system for COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control in China. Methods: We collected and analyzed 5G technology application cases used in the fight against COVID-19 from December 2019 to February 2020: 5G + telemedicine application cases, 5G + negative pressure ambulance cases, 5G + remote monitoring cases, 5G + artificial intelligence cases, 5G + infrared thermography temperature detection cases, 5G + big data analysis cases for epidemic prevention and control. Results: Through the analysis of 5G application cases in COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, we found out the key elements of 5G intelligent medical service system in COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control. By optimizing and upgrading the internal service mode of the hospital, breaking the internal and external barriers, integrating internal and external resources, and strengthening 5G intelligent medical security, we can form a 5G intelligent medical service system for COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, including application layer, technical service layer, network support layer and security system layer. Conclusion 5G communication technology has the characteristics of faster speed, shorter time delay and denser capacity. In COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control work, it can further improve the efficiency of doctors' diagnosis, improve patients' medical experience, realize the remote sharing of high-quality medical resources and real-time information exchange, effectively block the spread of epidemic, alleviate the shortage of medical resources and medical staff, and make the epidemic prevention and control more efficient.