GPR126, also known as ADGRG6, is one of the most deeply studied aGPCRs. Initially, GPR126 was thought to be a receptor associated with muscle development and was primarily expressed in the muscular and skeletal systems. With the deepening of research, it was found that GPR126 is expressed in multiple mammalian tissues and organs, and is involved in many biological processes such as embryonic development, nervous system development, and extracellular matrix interactions. Compared with other aGPCRs proteins, GPR126 has a longer N-terminal domain, which can bind to ligands one-to-one and one-to-many. Its N-terminus contains five domains, a CUB (complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1) domain, a PTX (Pentraxin) domain, a SEA (Sperm protein, Enterokinase, and Agrin) domain, a hormone binding (HormR) domain, and a conserved GAIN domain. The GAIN domain has a self-shearing function, which is essential for the maturation, stability, transport and function of aGPCRs. Different SEA domains constitute different GPR126 isomers, which can regulate the activation and closure of downstream signaling pathways through conformational changes. GPR126 has a typical aGPCRs seven-transmembrane helical structure, which can be coupled to Gs and Gi, causing cAMP to up- or down-regulation, mediating transmembrane signaling and participating in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. GPR126 is activated in a tethered-stalk peptide agonism or orthosteric agonism, which is mainly manifested by self-proteolysis or conformational changes in the GAIN domain, which mediates the rapid activation or closure of downstream pathways by tethered agonists. In addition to the tethered short stem peptide activation mode, GPR126 also has another allosteric agonism or tunable agonism mode, which is specifically expressed as the GAIN domain does not have self-shearing function in the physiological state, NTF and CTF always maintain the binding state, and the NTF binds to the ligand to cause conformational changes of the receptor, which somehow transmits signals to the GAIN domain in a spatial structure. The GAIN domain can cause the 7TM domain to produce an activated or inhibited signal for signal transduction, For example, type IV collagen interacts with the CUB and PTX domains of GPR126 to activate GPR126 downstream signal transduction. GPR126 has homology of 51.6%-86.9% among different species, with 10 conserved regions between different species, which can be traced back to the oldest metazoans as well as unicellular animals.In terms of diseases, GPR126 dysfunction involves the pathological process of bone, myelin, embryo and other related diseases, and is also closely related to the occurrence and development of malignant tumors such as breast cancer and colon cancer. However, the biological function of GPR126 in various diseases and its potential as a therapeutic target still needs further research. This paper focuses on the structure, interspecies differences and conservatism, signal transduction and biological functions of GPR126, which provides ideas and references for future research on GPR126.

ObjectiveTo explore the molecular mechanism of aerobic exercise to improve hippocampal neuronal degeneration by regulating tryptophan metabolic pathway. Methods60 SPF-grade C57BL/6J male mice were divided into a young group (2 months old, n=30) and a senile group (12 months old, n=30), and each group was further divided into a control group (C/A group, n=15) and an exercise group (CE/AE group, n=15). An aerobic exercise program was used for 8 weeks. Learning memory ability was assessed by Y-maze, and anxiety-depression-like behavior was detected by absent field experiment. Hippocampal Trp levels were measured by GC-MS. Nissl staining was used to observe the number and morphology of hippocampal neurons, and electron microscopy was used to detect synaptic ultrastructure. ELISA was used to detect the levels of hippocampal Trp,5-HT, Kyn, KATs, KYNA, KMO, and QUIN; Western blot was used to analyze the activities of TPH2, IDO1, and TDO enzymes. ResultsGroup A mice showed significant decrease in learning and memory ability (P<0.05) and increase in anxiety and depressive behaviors (P<0.05); all of AE group showed significant improvement (P<0.05). Hippocampal Trp levels decreased in group A (P<0.05) and increased in AE group (P<0.05). Nidus vesicles were reduced and synaptic structures were degraded in group A (P<0.05), and both were significantly improved in group AE (P<0.05). The levels of Trp, 5-HT, KATs, and KYNA were decreased (P<0.05) and the levels of Kyn, KMO, and QUIN were increased (P<0.05) in group A. The activity of TPH2 was decreased (P<0.05), and the activities of IDO1 and TDO were increased (P<0.05). The AE group showed the opposite trend. ConclusionThe aging process significantly reduces the learning memory ability and increases the anxiety-depression-like behavior of mice, and leads to the reduction of the number of nidus vesicles and degenerative changes of synaptic structure in the hippocampus, whereas aerobic exercise not only effectively enhances the spatial learning memory ability and alleviates the anxiety-depression-like behavior of aging mice, but also improves the morphology and structure of neurons in hippocampal area, which may be achieved by the mechanism of regulating the tryptophan metabolic pathway.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Bushen Yijing Decoction for the treatment of xerophthalmia of kidney yang deficiency type and to observe its effect on serum Th1/Th17 cytokines.Methods From January 2021 to January 2023,a total of 96 patients with xerophthalmia of kidney yang deficiency type were selected as the study objects.According to the treatment methods,the patients were divided into observation group and control group,with 48 cases in each group.The control group was treated with Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops externally,and the observation group was given oral use of Bushen Yijing Decoction together with Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops externally.The course of treatment for the two groups covered 21 days.The changes of tear film break-up time(BUT),corneal fluorescein staining(FL)score,SchirmerⅠtest(SIT)value,serum Th1/Th17 cytokines,Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire scores,and 25-Item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire(NEI-VFQ-25)score in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.Moreover,the clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results(1)After 21 days of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 95.83%(46/48),and that of the control group was 70.83%(34/48).The intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the clinical efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,the ocular surface function indicators of BUT and SIT values in the two groups were higher and the FL values were lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05).The increase of BUT and SIT values and the decrease of FL values in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the levels of serum cytokines of interleukin 17(IL-17),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and interferon gamma(IFN-γ)in the two groups were lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease of serum IL-17,TNF-α and IFN-γ levels in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(4)After treatment,the questionnaire scores of OSDI in the two groups were lower and the NEI-VFQ-25 scores were higher than those before treatment(P＜0.05).The decrease of OSDI scores and the increase of NEI-VFQ-25 scores in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P＜0.01).(5)The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 4.17%(2/48),and that in the control group was 8.33%(4/48).There was no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Bushen Yijing Decoction can enhance the clinical efficacy of xerophthalmia of kidney yang deficiency type,and the decoction is effective on alleviating the eye discomforts,improving the ocular surface function of patients,regulating the levels of Th1/Th17 cytokines,and relieving the inflammatory response without inducing severe adverse reactions while with high safety.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy and safety of low-dose azacitidine in the treatment of senile myelodys-plastic syndromes(MDS).Methods:A total of 92 elderly MDS patients who were initially diagnosed in the Huaibei Miners General Hospital and the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2018 to June 2022 were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 46 patients in each group.The observation group received a low dose of azacitidine 100 mg/d,dl-7,28 days as a course of treatment,6 courses in total,and the control group received a standard dose of azacitidine 75 mg(m2·d),d1-7,28 days as a course of treatment,a total of 6 courses of treatment.The clinical efficacy,overall survival(OS)and adverse reactions of the two groups of patients were observed.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the clinical data between the two groups(P＞0.05).After treatment,the hemoglobin and platelet levels of the two groups of patients were significantly higher than before treatment in each group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in leukocyte,hemoglobin and platelet levels between patients in the observation group and control group(P＞0.05).The number of cases with complete remission,partial remission,hematological remission,disease stabilization and disease progression in the observation group were 4,10,22,6 and 4,respectively,with a total effective rate of 78.26％.The numbers of cases with complete remission,partial remission,hematological remission,disease stabilization and disease progression in control group were 8,12,18,4 and 4,respectively,with a total effective rate of 82.61％.The total effective rate of patients in the observation group was slightly lower than that of the control group(x2=0.457,P=0.254).There was no significant difference between the two treatment schemes in the treatment of patients with blood transfusion dependence and patients with low risk,medium risk and high risk(P＞0.05).It takes 4 and 6 courses of treatment to achieve the best treatment response in the control group and observation group respectively.There was no significant difference in OS between the two groups(P＞0.05).In the observation group,there were 4,6 and 2 cases of infection,Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree myelosuppression and gastrointestinal reaction,respectively,with the incidence rate of adverse events being 26.09％.In the control group,there were 6,16 and 6 cases of infection,Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree myelosuppression and gastrointestinal reaction,respectively,with the adverse event rate was 60.87％.The incidence of adverse events in the control group was significantly higher than that in the observation group(x2=7.095,P=0.036).Conclusion:Elderly patients with MDS have poor tolerance to chemotherapy.Reducing azacitidine in the treatment of elderly MDS patients shows good efficacy and safety.

Objective:To examine the application of a novel pedagogical approach multidimensional supportive psychological intervention(MSPI)in the clinical practice teaching of andrological nursing care.Methods:Using the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),we assessed the psychology of 100 nursing interns about to enter clinical practice in the Department of Andrology from De-cember 2021 to December 2022.We equally randomized the subjects into an experimental and a control group,the former receiving MSPI and the latter trained on the conventional teaching model without any psychological support intervention.Results:Compared with the baseline,the HAMD scores were significantly decreased in the experimental group after intervention(12.4±2.1 vs 8.9±2.4,P＜0.01),but increased in the controls(13.1±1.8 vs 14.7±1.9,P＜0.01);the skill scores dramatically increased in the experimental group(82.6±4.7 vs 91.2±2.4,P＜0.01),but decreased in the control group after intervention(81.0±3.5 vs 80.4±2.7,P=0.28).Conclusion:MSPI can significantly enhance the learning enthusiasm of nursing students in a short period,re-duce their psychological stress and improve teaching outcomes.This approach,combining psychology with teaching,can also strength-en the mental resilience of nursing students and better confront them with future professional challenges.

Objective: To explore the changes in bacterial community structure, antibiotic resistance genome, and pathogen virulence genome in river water before and after the river flowing through Haikou City and their transmission and dispersal patterns and to reveal anthropogenic disturbance's effects on microorganisms and resistance genes in the aquatic environment. Methods: The Nandu River was divided into three study areas: the front, middle and rear sections from the upstream before it flowed through Haikou City to the estuary. Three sampling sites were selected in each area, and six copies of the sample were collected in parallel at each site and mixed for 3 L per sample. Microbial community structure, antibiotic resistance, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements were analyzed through bioinformatic data obtained by metagenomic sequencing and full-length sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Variations in the distribution of bacterial communities between samples and correlation of transmission patterns were analyzed by principal co-ordinates analysis, procrustes analysis, and Mantel test. Results: As the river flowed through Haikou City, microbes' alpha diversity gradually decreased. Among them, Proteobacteria dominates in the bacterial community in the front, middle, and rear sections, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the middle and rear sections was higher than that in the front segment. The diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements were all at low levels in the front section and all increased significantly after flow through Haikou City. At the same time, horizontal transmission mediated by mobile genetic elements played a more significant role in the spread of antibiotic-resistance genes and virulence factors. Conclusions: Urbanization significantly impacts river bacteria and the resistance genes, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements they carry. The Nandu River in Haikou flows through the city, receiving antibiotic-resistant and pathogen-associated bacteria excreted by the population. In contrast, antibiotic-resistant genes and virulence factors are enriched in bacteria, which indicates a threat to environmental health and public health. Comparison of river microbiomes and antibiotic resistance genomes before and after flow through cities is a valuable early warning indicator for monitoring the spread of antibiotic resistance.
Humans ; Rivers ; Virulence Factors/genetics* ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics* ; Microbiota/genetics* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Drug Resistance, Microbial/genetics*

Inner Mongolia autonomous region of China and Mongolia are the primary regions where Chinese and Mongolian medicine and its medicinal plant resources are distributed. In this study, 133 families, 586 genera, and 1 497 species of medicinal plants in Inner Mongolia as well as 62 families, 261 genera, and 467 species of medicinal plants in Mongolia were collected through field investigation, specimen collection and identification, and literature research. And the species, geographic distribution, and influencing factors of the above medicinal plants were analyzed. The results revealed that there were more plant species utilized for medicinal reasons in Inner Mongolia than in Mongolia. Hotspots emerged in Hulunbuir, Chifeng, and Tongliao of Inner Mongolia, while there were several hotspots in Eastern province, Sukhbaatar province, Gobi Altai province, Bayankhongor province, Middle Gobi province, Kobdo province, South Gobi province, and Central province of Mongolia. The interplay of elevation and climate made a non-significant overall contribution to the diversity of plant types in Inner Mongolia and Mongolia. The contribution of each factor increased significantly when the vegetation types of Inner Mongolia and Mongolia were broadly divided into forest, grassland and desert. Thus, the distribution of medicinal plant resources and vegetation cover were jointly influenced by a variety of natural factors such as topography, climate and interactions between species, and these factors contributed to and constrained each other. This study provided reference for sustainable development and rational exploitation of medicinal plant resources in future.
Humans ; Plants, Medicinal ; Mongolia ; Climate ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; China

Objective:To explore the effect of group cognitive behavior therapy (GCBT) on anxiety, depression and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in community.Methods:From August to November 2019, patients with moderate COPD in 18 communities in Xuzhou City were randomly divided into the intervention group ( n=240) and the control group ( n=223). The control group received routine management and the intervention group received group cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for 8 weeks on the basis of routine management.Before and after the intervention, FEV 1% predicted value and FEV 1/FVC were measured by pulmonary function tester.Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to evaluate the anxiety and depression of patients.St.George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ), COPD assessment test (CAT) and modified medical research council dyspnea (mMRC) were used to evaluate the quality of life of patients.SPSS 20.0 software was used for analysis.The χ 2 test, independent sample t-test, paired sample t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results:After 8 weeks of intervention, the anxiety and depression scores of the intervention group were lower than those of the control group (anxiety: (8.23±4.02) vs (10.71±3.60); depression: (7.87±3.73) vs (10.20±3.72)( t=6.415, 6.185, both P<0.01). After the intervention, there was no significant difference in FEV 1%((51.7±12.3)% vs (52.0±12.6)%) predicted value and FEV 1/FVC((57.3±10.8)% vs (56.9±10.7)%) between the two groups( t=-0.259, 0.400, both P>0.05). The scores of CAT, mMRC and SGRQ in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group((17.35±5.78) vs (20.90±8.00), (1.55±0.82) vs (2.30±1.21), (41.78±21.56) vs (57.08±24.46))( t=-5.061, -7.227, -6.580, all P<0.01). Conclusion:Group cognitive behavioral therapy can relieve the anxiety and depression and improve the quality of life of patients with COPD.

OBJECTIVES: To find the appropriate method for age estimation for different ages and sexes. METHODS: The costal cartilage, sternum and pubic symphysis of 91 unknowns from 2000 to 2020 from the Forensic Department of the Criminal Investigation Team of Shanghai Public Security Bureau were collected. Costal cartilage, sternal and pubic symphysis inferences were used to estimate the age, and the consistency between the estimated results and the actual physiological age of the unknowns was tested. The accuracy of age estimation of different samples was compared, and the relationship between accuracy and age and sex was analyzed. RESULTS: Using the costal cartilage method, the inference errors of males, females and the whole population under 40 years old were (0.608±2.298) years, (0.429±1.867) years and (0.493±2.040) years, while those over 40 years old were (-1.707±3.770) years, (-3.286±4.078) years and (-2.625±4.029) years. The differences between different age groups in these three populations were statistically significant (P<0.05). Using the sternum method, the inference errors of males and females under the age of 40 were (0.921±3.019) years and (0.452±1.451) years, while those over the age of 40 were (-5.903±5.088) years and (-1.429±2.227) years. The differences between different age groups in males and females were statistically significant (P<0.05). Using the pubic symphysis method, the inference errors of males and females under 40 years old were (-0.204±1.876) years and (0.238±2.477) years, while those over 40 years old were (1.500±2.156) years and (-2.643±4.270) years. The differences between different age groups in males and females were statistically significant (P<0.05). Using the sternum method and pubic symphysis method for age estimation of over 40 years old, the difference between different sexes was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS All three methods of age estimation are stable and effective and more accurate for people under 40 years old. For age estimation of unknowns over 40 years old, the pubic symphysis method is preferred in males and the sternum method is preferred in females.
Adult ; Age Determination by Skeleton/methods* ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Forensic Anthropology/methods* ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pubic Symphysis/anatomy & histology*

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is a critical pathogen that reduces the soybean yield and seed quality worldwide, and SMV has a restricted natural host range. In this study, we used sequence-independent amplification (SIA) methods to identify the viruses that may cause the Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz disease. Results revealed that there is SMV in diseased Atractylodes macrocephala leaves, and we named this isolate as SMV-Am. To further characterize the genomic structural and phylogenetic relationships of SMV-Am, genomic dsRNA was extracted, and the genomic sequence was amplified by RT-PCR and RACE. The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that the genomic RNA of SMV-Am is 9587 nucleotides in length, which conforms to the typical characteristics of Potyvirus. According to the sequence alignment of complete nucleotide sequences, SMV-Am showed the highest level of nucleotide homology and amino acid sequences to SMV-Liaoning, 96. 57% and 98. 86%, respectively. In addition, phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of other SMV isolates of SMV-Am revealed that SMV-Am was most closely related to SMV-Liaoning. Then, the SMV-Am protein was further analyzed by I-TASSER and PyMOL software, revealing that the key amino acid mutations led to the structural changes of P1, HC-Pro, P3, 6K2, NIa-pro and NIb proteins, with P1 the most obvious. Finally, recombination has been detected at the position of 6560-8950 nucleotides, the main parent is the isolate SMV-XFQ012 (accession number KP710875. 1), and the secondary parent is isolate SMV-pCB301-SC15 (accession number MH919386. 1). This study is the first report of SMV in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, and these results are expected to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of SMV infection on Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.