Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is the pillar for the development of motherland medicine, and animal medicine has a long history of application in China, characterized by wide resources, strong activity, definite efficacy, and great benefits. It has significant potential and important status in the consumption market of raw materials of TCM. In the context of global climate change, farming system alterations, and low renewability, the depletion of wild medicinal animal resources has accelerated. Accordingly, the conservation and sustainable utilization of wild resources of animal medicinal materials has become a problem that garners increasing attention and urgently needs to be solved. This paper summarizes the current situation of domestic and foreign medicinal animal breeding and research progress in industrial application in recent years and points out the issues related to standardized breeding, germplasm selection and breeding, and quality evaluation standards for medicinal animals. Furthermore, this paper discusses standardized breeding, quality standards, resource protection and utilization, and the search for alternative resources for rare and endangered medicinal animals. It proposes that researchers should systematically carry out in-depth basic research on animal medicine, improve the breeding scale and level of medicinal animals, employ modern technology to enhance the quality standards of medicinal materials, and strengthen the research and development of alternative resources. This approach aims to effectively address the relationship between protection and utilization and make a significant contribution to the sustainable development of medicinal animal resources and the animal-based Chinese medicinal material industry.
Animals ; Breeding ; China ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Conservation of Natural Resources

Neuroinflammatory responses play an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, particularly those affecting the central nervous system. Inhibition of neuroinflammation is a crucial therapeutic strategy for the management of central nervous system disorders. The intestinal microbial-gut-brain axis serves as a key regulatory pathway that modulates neuroinflammatory processes. Intestinal flora metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, indoles and their derivatives, lipopolysaccharides, trimethylamine oxide, and secondary bile acids exert direct or indirect effects on neuroinflammation. Studies have shown that electroacupuncture (EA) modulates the composition of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, while also suppressing neuroinflammation by targeting the TLR4/NF- κ B, NLRP3/caspase-1, and microglial cell M2-type transformation pathways. This review discusses the mechanisms by which EA regulates neuroinflammation via intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, providing information and a foundation for further investigation of the precise therapeutic mechanisms of EA in neurological disorders.
Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Electroacupuncture ; Neuroinflammatory Diseases/metabolism* ; Animals

Circadian rhythm is an internal regulatory mechanism formed in organisms in response to the circadian periodicity in the environment, which modulates the pathophysiological events, occurrence and development of diseases, and the response to treatment in mammals. It significantly influences the susceptibility, injury, and recovery of ischemic stroke, and the response to therapy. Accumulating evidence indicates that circadian rhythms not only regulate the important physiological factors of ischemic stroke events, such as blood pressure and coagulation-fibrinolysis system, but also participate in the immuno-inflammatory reaction mediated by glial cells and peripheral immune cells after ischemic injury and the regulation of neurovascular unit(NVU). This article aims to link molecular, cellular, and physiological pathways in circadian biology to the clinical consequences of ischemic stroke and to illustrate the impact of circadian rhythms on ischemic stroke pathogenesis, the regulation of NVU, and the immuno-inflammatory responses. The regulation of circadian rhythm by traditional Chinese medicine is reviewed, and the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in circadian rhythm is summarized to provide a reasonable and valuable reference for the follow-up traditional Chinese medicine research and molecular mechanism research of circadian rhythm.
Animals ; Ischemic Stroke ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Circadian Rhythm ; Blood Coagulation ; Blood Pressure ; Mammals

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of hypomenthylating agents (HMA) combined with Venetoclax (VEN) and half dose priming regimen (CAG-like) in the treatment of elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were not suitable for intensive chemotherapy. METHODS: The clinical data of 43 newly diagnosed elderly patients with AML who were not suitable for intensive chemotherapy in our hospital from April 2019 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 16 cases received HMA-VEN regimen and 27 cases received HMA-CAG-like regimen. The remission rate, early mortality and survival were compared between the two groups. And, the patients were grouped according to HCT-CI score. The effects of two different regimens in different groups on the efficacy and survival of patients were compared, and the prognosis of patients was further analyzed. RESULTS: After one course of treatment, the total remission rate of HMA-VEN group and HMA-CAG-like group was 81.3% (13/16) and 51.9% (14/27), respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=4.650, P=0.045). The median overall survival (OS) time of HMA-VEN group had not yet reached, while that of HMA-CAG-like group was 11.2 months, and the HMA-VEN group had a longer OS (P=0.055). There was no tumor lysis syndrome occurred in both groups. The main adverse reactions were digestive tract reaction, bone marrow suppression and infection. The amount of agranulocytosis infection, pulmonary infection and platelet infusion in HMA-VEN group were significantly lower than those in HMA-CAG-like group (P<0.05), while the time of agranulocytosis and amount of erythrocyte infusion were similar (P>0.05). In HMA-Ven group 1 case died early, while in HMA-CAG-like group 8 cases died early due to pulmonary infection, respiratory failure, cerebral hemorrhage, and alveolar hemorrhage, the mortality in HMA-CAG-like group was significantly higher than that in HMA-VEN group (P=0.043). Among 43 patients, there was a significant difference in OS between HCT score 0-2 group and ≥3 group (P=0.033). In HMA-CAG-like group, patients with HCT score ≥3 had a worse prognosis (P=0.01), while in HMA-VEN group patients showed no statistically significant difference in prognosis (P=0.681). In HCT score 0-2 group, 9 cases receiving HMA-VEN regimen and 22 cases receiving HMA-CAG-like regimen showed no statistical difference in OS (P=0.281). In HCT score ≥3 group, 7 cases receiving HMA-VEN regimen had a longer OS than 5 cases receiving HMA-CAG-like regimen (P=0.015). CONCLUSION Venetoclax combined with HMA can achieve higher response rate, lower early mortality, and longer OS, especially in those with more comorbidities and poor tolerability.
Humans ; Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy*

The purpose of this study was to systematically analyze the antidepressant mechanism of Chaigui granules from the perspective of biological metabolic network by using integrated metabolomics and biological network analysis tools. The model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) depression rat was established, and LC-MS-based plasma metabolomics was used to identify the key metabolites and analyze metabolic pathways underlying the antidepressant effects of Chaigui Granules. The key metabolites regulated by Chaigui granules was integrated with biological network analysis tools to further focus on the key metabolic pathways and explore the potential targets of the antidepressant effect of Chaigui granules. The results showed that there were significant differences in the plasma levels of 20 metabolites in the model group compared with the control group (P < 0.05), Chaigui granules significantly regulated 12 metabolites including docosatrienoic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, chenodeoxycholic acid, cholic acid, L-glutamine, glycocholic acid, linoleyl carnitine, L-tyrosine, N-acetylvaline, palmitoylcarnitine, arachidonic acid. Further network analysis of the key metabolites regulated by Chaigui granules indicated that plasma arachidonic acid metabolism might be the core pathway for the antidepressant effect of Chaigui granules, with 10 proteins were potential targets for the antidepressant effect of Chaigui granules, including CYP2B6, CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, PLA2G6, PTGS2, ALOX15B, PTGS1, ALOX12 and ALOX5. The animal experimental operations involved in this paper was followed the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Shanxi University and passed the animal experimental ethical review (Approval No. SXULL2020028).

Aim To explore the mechanism of Huoxue Rongluo reeipe in promoting angiogenesis after ischemic stroke based on the correlation between mir-370-3p and JAK2/STAT3 pathway.Methods Hats were randomly divided into six groups.MCAO/R method was used to establish the model.After seven days of intragastrie administration,the expressions of CD31 ,vWF and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) in brain tissue were observed by immunofluorescence stai- ning; the expression of JAK2 ,p-jak2,STAT3 and p- STAT3 in brain tissue was detected by Western blot; J the expressions of JAK2,STAT3 mRNA and mir-370- 3p in brain tissue were detected by real-time PCR f RT-PCR) ; the correlation between mir-370-3p and JAK2/STAT3 pathway was analyzed by Pearson correlation ; the expressions of lncma-hl9 and mir-370-3p were detected by real-time quantitative PCR ( RT qPCR) ; the targeting relationship between lncrna-hl9 and mir-370-3p was detected by luciferase reporter assay.Results Huoxue Rongluo decoction could increase the microvessel density and average fluorescence intensity of VEGF,up-regulate JAK2 and STAT3 mR- NA,down-regulate the expression of mir-37()-3p,and promote the expressions of JAK2,p-jak2 ,STAT3 and p- STAT3.Mir-370-3p was highly negatively correlated with JAK2 and STAT3 mRNA respectively,which could be reversed by stattic,an inhibitor of STAT3 SH2 domain.Conclusions Huoxue Rongluo recipe may stimulate angiogenesis after ischemic stroke by down- regulating the expression of mir-370-3p,activating JAK2 / STAT3 pathway and promoting the expression of downstream VEGF,so as to improve the symptoms of neurolo.

BACKGROUND: Bendamustine was approved in China on May 26th, 2019 by the National Medical Product Administration for the treatment of indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The current study was the registration trial and the first reported evaluation of the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of bendamustine in Chinese adult patients with indolent B-cell NHL following relapse after chemotherapy and rituximab treatment. METHODS: This was a prospective, multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase 3 study (NCT01596621; C18083/3076) with a 2-year follow-up period. Eligible patients received bendamustine hydrochloride 120 mg/m2 infused intravenously on days 1 and 2 of each 21-day treatment cycle for at least six planned cycles (and up to eight cycles). The primary endpoint was the overall response rate (ORR); and secondary endpoints were duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS), safety, and pharmacokinetics. Patients were classified according to their best overall response after initiation of therapy. Proportions of patients in each response category (complete response [CR], partial response [PR], stable disease, or progressive disease) were summarized along with a two-sided binomial exact 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the ORR. RESULTS: A total of 102 patients were enrolled from 20 centers between August 6th, 2012, and June 18th, 2015. At the time of the primary analysis, the ORR was 73% (95% CI: 63%-81%) per Independent Review Committee (IRC) including 19% CR and 54% PR. With the follow-up period, the median DoR was 16.2 months by IRC and 13.4 months by investigator assessment; the median PFS was 18.6 months and 15.3 months, respectively. The most common non-hematologic adverse events (AEs) were gastrointestinal toxicity, pyrexia, and rash. Grade 3/4 neutropenia was reported in 76% of patients. Serious AEs were reported in 29 patients and five patients died during the study. Pharmacokinetic analysis indicated that the characteristics of bendamustine and its metabolites M3 and M4 were generally consistent with those reported for other ethnicities. CONCLUSION: Bendamustine is an active and effective therapy in Chinese patients with relapsed, indolent B-cell NHL, with a comparable risk/benefit relationship to that reported in North American patients. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, No. NCT01596621; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01596621.
Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Bendamustine Hydrochloride/therapeutic use* ; China ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy* ; Prospective Studies ; Rituximab/therapeutic use*

Objective To explore the protein acetylation/succinylation and histone 2AX (H2AX) expression levels in breast cancer, as well as their correlation. Methods By Western blotting and RT-PCR methods to detect the protein modification and H2AX expression levels in 11 breast cancer tissues and cells, as well as to explore the common regulation way of protein acetylation and succinylation by treatment of histone deacetylase inhibitors ; To study the relationship between H2AX expression level and protein modification level through the construction and over-expression of indicated plasmids. Results Compared with the adjacent normal tissues, there existed an increase protein acetylation/succinylation levels in breast cancer tissues, and the protein acetylation and succinylation were both regulated by histone deacetylase (HDAC) members. The H2AX mRNA and protein expression levels were increased both in breast cancer cell and tissues, its expression level and the expression and modification level of represented protein nucleophosmin 1(NPM1) showed a positive correlation. Conclusion The breast cancer possesses a characteristic of high protein acetylation/succinylation levels and high H2AX expression level, the H2AX expression level and the modification level of partial proteins in breast cancer have a positive correlation.

Cerebral infarction is a clinical disease with corresponding neurological symptoms caused by cerebral ischemia and hypoxia caused by cerebral blood supply disorder. It is one of the most common cerebrovascular diseases and a serious threat to human health. The prevention and treatment of cerebral infarction has an important social significance. Angiogenesis is the key starting point for medical treatment of cerebral infarction, and signal transduction and transcriptional activators (STAT)/hypoxia inducing factor-1(HIF-1)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway are important pathways to mediate angiogenesis after cerebral infarction. This paper took the angiogenesis as the starting point and the upstream molecules of STAT/HIF-1/VEGF signal pathway STAT3 and miRNA as the main study objects, and comprehensively discussed the results of chip sequencing, experimental research, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pathogenesis and TCM treatment. Based on the regulatory mode of "TF-miRNA" and the idea of "micro-whole", it is suggested that under the guidance of the basic theory of TCM, cubic compound prescriptions of TCM and its active components might activate the STAT/HIF-1/VEGF signal pathway through STAT3/miRNA feedback loop to promote angiogenesis after cerebral infarction, which puts forward a deep molecular mechanism and new direction for the treatment of cerebral infarction with TCM.

BACKGROUND: Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), Lewis-Sumner syndrome (LSS), and many chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathies (CIDPs) are representative of acquired multifocal polyneuropathy and are characterized by conduction block (CB). This retrospective study aimed to investigate the demyelinating distribution and the selective vulnerability of MMN, LSS, and CIDP with CB (CIDP-CB) in nerves. METHODS: Fifteen LSS subjects (107 nerves), 24 MMN subjects (176 nerves), and 17 CIDP-CB subjects (110 nerves) were included. Their clinical information was recorded, blood and cerebrospinal fluid tests were conducted, and nerve conductions of the median, ulnar, radial, peroneal, and tibial nerves were evaluated. CB, temporal dispersion, distal motor latency (DML), and F-wave latency were recorded, and nerve conduction velocity, terminal latency index, and modified F-wave ratio were calculated. RESULTS: CB was more likely to occur around the elbow in CIDP-CB than in MMN (78.6% vs. 6.8%, P < 0.01) but less likely to occur between the wrist and the elbow than in LSS (10.7% vs. 39.3%, P < 0.05). Tibial nerve CB was most frequently observed in MMN (47.4%, P < 0.05). CIDP-CB was characterized by a prolonged DML in all nerves, and slow motor nerve velocity of the upper limb was significant when CB nerves were excluded (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We report the different distributions of segmental and diffuse demyelination of the ulnar and tibial nerves in LSS, MMN, and CIDP-CB. These distinct distributions could help in differentiating among these conditions.
Humans ; Neural Conduction ; Peripheral Nerves ; Polyneuropathies ; Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating ; Retrospective Studies