Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of miR-16-5p promoting apoptosis and inflammatory response by targeting GPR30 expression in an in vitro ischemic stroke microglia model(BV-2).Methods An ischemic stroke cell model was established by subjecting BV-2 cells to oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD).qRT-PCR was utilized to assess the levels of miR-16-5p and GPR30 mRNA in OGD cells.A miR-16-5p inhibitor was transfected into OGD cells to silence miR-16-5p expression,and alterations in inflammatory response and apoptosis were measured using ELISA kits and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining.Starbase was employed to predict interactions,and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were conducted to confirm that miR-16-5p targets the 3'-untranslated region(UTR)sequence of GPR30.Changes in cellular inflammatory response and apoptosis were evaluated by knocking down miR-16-5p and/or GPR30 in OGD cells.Results miR-16-5p expression was significantly elevated(P<0.01),while GPR30 expression was notably decreased(P<0.01)in OGD-induced cells.Knockdown of miR-16-5p reduced the expression levels of inflammatory factors and the cell apoptosis ratio(P<0.01).Inhibition of miR-16-5p expression led to an upregulation of GPR30 mRNA and protein levels(P<0.01).Simultaneous silencing of both miR-16-5p and GPR30 partially enhanced inflammatory factor expression levels and the cell apoptosis ratio compared to cells transfected solely with the miR-16-5p inhibitor(P<0.05).Conclusion In the microglia OGD model,miR-16-5p triggers inflammatory responses and enhances apoptosis by inhibiting GPR30 expression.

Objective: To develop a model for rapid and non-destructive determination of amoxilcillin sodium and sulbactam sodium for injection using the analysis of near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (NIR) and chemometrics.Methods: Totally 41 batches of commercial samples and 20 batches of laboratory samples were analyzed by NIR and the legal methods.The first derivative and vector normalization were selected as the preprocessing methods and 8 720-5 446 cm-1 was selected as the frequency range.Results: The quantitative model was constructed based on 16 batches of commercial samples and 15 batches of laboratory samples (0.75 g) and the content ranged from 4.45% to 61.82% for amoxilcillin and 15.75% to 30.25% for sulbactam.The root mean square errors of cross validation (RMSECV), determination coefficients (R 2) and root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) respectively was 0.858 , 0.998 1 and 0.936 for amoxilcillin, and respectively was 0.541 , 0.988 1 and 0.423 for sulbactam.The model was tested based on 5 batches of commercial samples and 5 batches of laboratory samples (0.75 g) and the results well met with those of the legal methods with difference ≤ 1.5 %.The model also applied in 10 batches of commercial samples (1.5 g) and 2 batches of samples from the other manufacturers.Conclusion: The non-destructive quantitative NIR methods are accurate with good reproducibility, and applicable for the rapid analysis of amoxilcillin sodium and sulbactam sodium for injection.