Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor that poses a significant threat to public health. Advances in medical science and increased screening awareness have improved early-stage diagnosis rates, allowing more patients to undergo radical treatment at initial diagnosis. Concurrently, ongoing developments in treatment modalities have expanded the options available for both patients and clinicians. The challenge now lies in making informed decisions to achieve individualized precision medicine, which merits thorough exploration. This article aims to review the latest research on personalized treatment strategies for early-stage HCC, providing a reasonable reference and valuable insights for clinicians.

The liver is the most common anatomical site for hematogenous metastases of colorectal cancer. Hepatic resection is the preferred treatment for colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). However, a disappointingly small proportion of patients are deemed suitable for surgical resection upon initial consultation. Failure to adequately address these metastatic tumors results in a dire 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. In recent times, thermal ablation, a minimally invasive procedure aimed at controlling local tumor progression, has undergone rigorous validation and garnered recognition for its effectiveness and safety in managing CRLM. This article endeavors to review the advancements in research concerning thermal ablation in the treatment of CRLM, exploring its efficacy, safety profile, and the promising avenues for its clinical application.

Previous research emphasized negative stress and mood disorders impacting cancer patients' quality of life.Growing evidence indicates these psychological factors directly influence cancer prognosis,with molecular mechanisms being explored and validated in animal models.Acting as cancer risk factors,psychological stress and mood disorders modulate the tumor immune microenvironment via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis or sympathetic nervous system,suppressing anti-tumor immunity.Conversely,the tumor acts as a stressor,inducing mood disorders that further impair patient outcomes and quality of life,creating a vicious cycle.Investigating the mechanisms of this bidirectional stress-tumor interplay and identifying therapeutic targets to disrupt it are crucial for improving cancer patient prognosis and well-being.

Previous research emphasized negative stress and mood disorders impacting cancer patients' quality of life.Growing evidence indicates these psychological factors directly influence cancer prognosis,with molecular mechanisms being explored and validated in animal models.Acting as cancer risk factors,psychological stress and mood disorders modulate the tumor immune microenvironment via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis or sympathetic nervous system,suppressing anti-tumor immunity.Conversely,the tumor acts as a stressor,inducing mood disorders that further impair patient outcomes and quality of life,creating a vicious cycle.Investigating the mechanisms of this bidirectional stress-tumor interplay and identifying therapeutic targets to disrupt it are crucial for improving cancer patient prognosis and well-being.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor that poses a significant threat to public health. Advances in medical science and increased screening awareness have improved early-stage diagnosis rates, allowing more patients to undergo radical treatment at initial diagnosis. Concurrently, ongoing developments in treatment modalities have expanded the options available for both patients and clinicians. The challenge now lies in making informed decisions to achieve individualized precision medicine, which merits thorough exploration. This article aims to review the latest research on personalized treatment strategies for early-stage HCC, providing a reasonable reference and valuable insights for clinicians.

The liver is the most common anatomical site for hematogenous metastases of colorectal cancer. Hepatic resection is the preferred treatment for colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). However, a disappointingly small proportion of patients are deemed suitable for surgical resection upon initial consultation. Failure to adequately address these metastatic tumors results in a dire 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. In recent times, thermal ablation, a minimally invasive procedure aimed at controlling local tumor progression, has undergone rigorous validation and garnered recognition for its effectiveness and safety in managing CRLM. This article endeavors to review the advancements in research concerning thermal ablation in the treatment of CRLM, exploring its efficacy, safety profile, and the promising avenues for its clinical application.

Hepato-pancreato-biliary diseases (HPBD) are often complicated. The diagnosis and treatment of HPBD involve many disciplines. The malignant degree of hepatobiliary pancreatic system is high, and the prognosis of patients is poor. The multidisciplinary team (MDT) brings specialists from different disciplines together to make a comprehensive and individualized treatment for patients. MDT is emerging in HPBD in recent years. MDT helps improve the accuracy of diagnosis and prognosis. However, there are still some controversies and obstacles in the application of MDT for patients with HPBD. We reviewed the development, current status and experience of MDT in the field of HPBD, analyze the current controversy and obstacles, and providing reference for its future application.

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic radical cholecystectomy in the treatment of stage Ⅲ gallbladder cancer.Methods:The clinical characteristics and postoperative follow-up data of 184 patients (male 66, and female 118) who underwent radical cholecystectomy for stage Ⅲ gallbladder cancer at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from May 2015 to May 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. The age was (67.0±8.6) years old (range 38 to 85 years old). There were 71 patients in the laparoscopic group and 113 in the open group. The general medical data, surgery-related indicators and complications were analyzed. Follow-up was completed by outpatient visits and by telephone.Results:The laparoscopic group showed better postoperative alanine aminotransferase [67.5 (40.0, 138.5) vs. 104.0 (45.0, 252.2) U/L] and aspartate aminotransferase [41.5 (26.0, 71.2) vs. 53.0 (30.2, 153.5) U/L] recovery, higher albumin levels [32.05 (30.18, 35.20) vs. 30.50 (27.70, 33.50) g/L], earlier abdominal drainage tube removal [8.00(6.00, 10.25) vs. 10.00(6.00, 13.00)d], shorter hospital stay [10.00(8.00, 15.25) vs. 14.00(9.00, 19.00) d] and lower incidences of complications [(14.1%(10/71) vs. 31.9%(36/113)] when compared with the open group (all P<0.05). The 1 year (49.1% vs 61.0%), 2 years (24.0% vs. 28.5%), 3 years (16.0% vs. 14.5%) overall survival ( P=0.640), and the 3 years progression-free survival (18.3% vs. 15.0%, P=0.463) showed no significant difference between the 2 groups. Conclusion:Laparoscopic surgery for AJCC TNM stage Ⅲ gallbladder cancer showed comparable results with open surgery. When compared with open surgery, laparoscopic radical resection of gallbladder cancer had the advantages of earlier removal of abdominal drainage tube, lower incidence of postoperative complications, and shorter hospital stay.

Objective:To study the effect of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on postoperative complications after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by propensity score matching analysis.Methods:Of 1 666 patients with HCC undergoing hepatectomy in Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology from March 2015 to March 2021 were retrospectively screened. Of 262 patients were enrolled, including 236 males and 26 females, aged (50.3±11.8) years. Of 131 patients were enrolled in both the single surgery group and the combined group (preoperative TACE + surgical resection). Factors affecting the complications after hepatectomy in patients with HCC were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression method.Results:After matching the propensity score, the incidence of postoperative complications in the single surgery group was 22.1% (29/131), lower than that in the combined group [41.2% (54/131), χ 2=11.02, P<0.001]. The incidence of bile leakage in the single surgery group [2.3% (3/131)] was also lower than that in the combined group [(9.2% (12/131), χ 2=5.73, P=0.017]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the combined group ( OR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.28-4.61, P=0.007) had an increased incidence of postoperative complications, so did patients with a preoperative alpha-fetoprotein > 400 μg/L, anatomic hepatectomy, long operation time, and hilar occlusion. Conclusion:Preoperative TACE could be a risk factor for postoperative complications in patients with HCC, especially for the postoperative biliary leakage.

Objective To monitor the situation of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Tibet,and to provide a background information of iodine nutritional status of residents before adjustment of iodine concentration.Methods According to the method of population proportionate sampling (PPS),27 counties were selected to carry out IDD surveillance.One primary school was selected in each county.Forty children aged 8-10 from each primary school were sampled to examine thyroid volume,and edible salt samples were collected from their home to determine salt iodine.In addition,12 of the sampled children,15 pregnant women and 15 lactating women from three townships near the selected schools were chosen to detect urinary iodine.The methods of B-ultrasonography,oxidation-reduction titration (GB/T 13025.7-1999) and arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006) were used to determine thyroid volume,salt iodine and urinary iodine,respectively.Results One thousand and eighty-one children aged from 8 to 10 were examined,and their goiter rate was 1.9％ (20/1 081).Seven hundred and fifty-eight salt samples were determined,and the median salt iodine level was 38.3 mg/kg and the consuming rate of qualified iodized salt was 88.1％(758/668).Meanwhile,urine samples of 522 children aged 8-10,267 pregnant women and 336 lactating women were also tested,and their median urinary iodine level was 166.1,132.7,138.1 μg/L,respectively.Conclusions The results show that the goiter rate and urinary iodine level of children aged from 8 to 10 have reached the national standard of IDD elimination (＜5％,100-300 μg/L),while the residents consumption rate of qualified iodized salt is still lower than the national standard (90％).In particular,the iodine nutrition of pregnant women is inadequate,which is lower than the national standard (urinary iodine 150 μg/L).It is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring of salt iodine as well as iodine nutrition in special groups in the future,and strengthen health promotion at the same time.