Objective : To investigate the role and related mechanisms of IgD on the viability , proliferation , apoptosis , and other functions of Molm_13 cells. Methods: Peripheral blood serum was collected from AML patients and healthy controls. The sIgD levels were quantified by ELISA. For in vitro studies , Molm_13 cells were treated with varying concentrations of IgD. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed via CCK_8 assays , CFSE staining , and colony formation assays. Apoptosis rates were determined using an Annexin V/PI apoptosis detection kit. Preliminary exploration of the mechanisms related to IgD_induced proliferation of Molm_13 were analyzed through differential gene analysis. Results: Compared with healthy controls , the levels of sIgD in AML patients were significantly el_ evated (P < 0. 001 ) . IgD treatment dose_dependently increased Molm_13 cell viability and proliferation ( P < 0. 05) , inhibited apoptosis rates (P < 0. 001) . Conclusion IgD promotes the viability and proliferation of Molm_ 13 cells , and reduces apoptosis.

Objective:To explore the effects of smoking on peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β 1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 43 elderly patients (≥60 years old) who were hospitalized in the Department of Geriatrics Medicine, Guangzhou First People′s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2024 and were newly diagnosed with NSCLC were recruited. According to smoking history, patients were divided into non-smoking group (15 cases), low smoking group (13 cases, smoking index<400) and high smoking group (15 cases, smoking index≥400). Venous blood samples were collected from participants, plasma and cells were separated. Flow cytometry was used to measure the proportions of Tregs and the expression of forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) in peripheral blood. Plasma levels of TGF-β 1 and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of smoking on peripheral Tregs, TGF-β 1, and IL-10 in elderly patients with NSCLC were analyzed. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, rank-sum test, and Fisher′s exact test. Results:The proportions of Tregs in non-smoking group, low smoking group and high smoking group were 2.50% (2.32%, 2.81%), 2.83% (2.48%, 3.72%), and 3.01% (2.37%, 3.73%), respectively, and there were no statistically significant differences among the three groups ( H=3.845, P>0.05). The proportions of Foxp3 +Tregs were (3.72±0.84)%, (4.64±1.10)%, and (4.68±1.27%), respectively. The mean fluorescence intensities (MFI) of Foxp3 were 123.0 (108.0, 128.0), 131.0 (123.5, 350.0), and 222.0 (141.0, 311.0), respectively. Both the proportions of Foxp3 +Tregs and the MFI of Foxp3 were higher in low smoking group and high smoking group than those in non-smoking group (all P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between low smoking group and high smoking group (all P>0.05). The concentrations of IL-10 were 2.27 (1.42, 3.95), 3.42 (2.30, 5.08), and 3.26 (2.35, 6.28) ng/L, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups ( H=2.930, P>0.05). The concentrations of TGF-β 1 were (10.72±9.37), (13.46±10.39), and (25.28±16.67) ng/ml, respectively. The concentration of TGF-β 1 in high smoking group was higher than that in non-smoking group and low smoking group (all P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between low smoking group and non-smoking group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Smoking intensity may be correlated with the immunosuppressive function of Tregs in elderly patients with NSCLC. Higher smoking levels are associated with increased Foxp3 expression in Tregs and elevated plasma levels of TGF-β 1, potentially enhancing the immunosuppressive function of Tregs.

Objective:To explore the effects of smoking on peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β 1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 43 elderly patients (≥60 years old) who were hospitalized in the Department of Geriatrics Medicine, Guangzhou First People′s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2024 and were newly diagnosed with NSCLC were recruited. According to smoking history, patients were divided into non-smoking group (15 cases), low smoking group (13 cases, smoking index<400) and high smoking group (15 cases, smoking index≥400). Venous blood samples were collected from participants, plasma and cells were separated. Flow cytometry was used to measure the proportions of Tregs and the expression of forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) in peripheral blood. Plasma levels of TGF-β 1 and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of smoking on peripheral Tregs, TGF-β 1, and IL-10 in elderly patients with NSCLC were analyzed. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, rank-sum test, and Fisher′s exact test. Results:The proportions of Tregs in non-smoking group, low smoking group and high smoking group were 2.50% (2.32%, 2.81%), 2.83% (2.48%, 3.72%), and 3.01% (2.37%, 3.73%), respectively, and there were no statistically significant differences among the three groups ( H=3.845, P>0.05). The proportions of Foxp3 +Tregs were (3.72±0.84)%, (4.64±1.10)%, and (4.68±1.27%), respectively. The mean fluorescence intensities (MFI) of Foxp3 were 123.0 (108.0, 128.0), 131.0 (123.5, 350.0), and 222.0 (141.0, 311.0), respectively. Both the proportions of Foxp3 +Tregs and the MFI of Foxp3 were higher in low smoking group and high smoking group than those in non-smoking group (all P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between low smoking group and high smoking group (all P>0.05). The concentrations of IL-10 were 2.27 (1.42, 3.95), 3.42 (2.30, 5.08), and 3.26 (2.35, 6.28) ng/L, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups ( H=2.930, P>0.05). The concentrations of TGF-β 1 were (10.72±9.37), (13.46±10.39), and (25.28±16.67) ng/ml, respectively. The concentration of TGF-β 1 in high smoking group was higher than that in non-smoking group and low smoking group (all P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between low smoking group and non-smoking group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Smoking intensity may be correlated with the immunosuppressive function of Tregs in elderly patients with NSCLC. Higher smoking levels are associated with increased Foxp3 expression in Tregs and elevated plasma levels of TGF-β 1, potentially enhancing the immunosuppressive function of Tregs.

Objective To investigate the incidence and severity of enamel demineralization during clear aligner treatment and provide reference for clinical medical nursing work.Methods A total of 151 patients(3 507 teeth)undergoing clear aligner treatment in our hospital from 2015 to 2022 were collected.The enamel demineralization before and after treatment was compared,and the enamel demi-neralization index(EDI)was calculated to evaluate the severity of demineralization.The incidence and severity of enamel demineraliza-tion were analyzed statistically,and the differences among different genders,ages and dental positions were compared.Results Enam-el demineralization occurred in 84 patients during treatment,with an incidence rate of 55.63%.Gender and treatment time had no effect on the incidence,and the incidence of adolescent patients was higher than that of adult patients.Among the investigated 3 507 teeth,601 teeth had enamel demineralization,and the incidence rate was 17.14%.The incidence of maxillary anterior teeth and mandibular posterior teeth was higher;the incidence of right teeth was significantly higher than that of left teeth,and the incidence of teeth with ad-hesive attachments was also significantly increased.88%of the enamel demineralization lesions were 1－2 degrees,and the degree of enamel demineralization was similar in male and female patients.But the degree in adolescents was significantly higher than that in adult patients.The average EDI value of maxillary anterior teeth was significantly higher than that of mandible,but that of maxillary posterior teeth was significantly lower than that of mandible.The average EDI value of right teeth was significantly higher than that of left.Conclusion The incidence of enamel demineralization is high in the process of clear aligner treatment,and teenagers are suscep-tible to it.The demineralization of teeth is significantly different among different tooth positions,and adhesive attachments will increase the risk of enamel demineralization.Therefore,medical staff should take active and effective measures in the prevention and treatment of enamel demineralization.

Objective:To explore the value of transrectal multimodal ultrasound parameters in monitoring and evaluating the efficacy of endocrine therapy for prostate cancer.Methods:Thirty patients with prostate cancer confirmed by pathology and treated with endocrine therapy in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People′s Hospital from November 2019 to May 2021 were selected. The levels of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume, color Doppler parameters, elasticity index and contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters were measured and recorded before treatment, 1 month and 3 months after treatment. The parameters before and after treatment were statistically analyzed. The correlation between the changes of each index and PSA was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results:Total prostate specific antigen, free prostate specific antigen, and prostate volume were significantly different before treatment, and 1 month and 3 months after treatment( P<0.05), and the values showed a downward trend with increase of treatment time. There was no significant difference in resistance index before and 1 month after treatment( P>0.05), but decreased significantly 3 months after treatment( P<0.05). The values of elasticity index, peak intensity, area under curve and gradient at 1 month and 3 months after treatment were lower than those before treatment, while the arrival time and rising time at 1 month and 3 months after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between the changes of quantitative parameters and PSA value before and after treatment( P>0.05). Conclusions:Prostate volume, color Doppler parameters, elasticity index, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters change in the early stage of endocrine therapy for prostate cancer, which can be used as a useful supplement to PSA for prostate cancer, and can be used to evaluate the efficacy of clinical prostate cancer endocrine therapy.

Objective:To investigate the role of coupler perfusion in transrectal ultrasound in the diagnosis of preoperative T staging of rectal cancer.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the preoperative clinical data of 132 patients with rectal cancer in the People′s Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from June 2015 to November 2020. According to whether or not the patients agreed to coupler perfusion before ultrasound examination, they were divided into 2 groups, namely the perfusion group 69 cases and the non-perfusion group of 63 cases, with postoperative pathology as the gold standard, and compared with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) to evaluate the accuracy of the 2 groups and MRI in the T staging of rectal cancer.Results:The total coincidence rates of the coupling agent perfusion group, non-perfusion group and MRI group for the diagnosis of rectal cancer T staging were 89.9%, 76.2% and 87.9%, respectively, and the difference among the three methods was statistically significant (χ 2=6.096, P=0.047). The diagnostic sensitivity of the coupling agent perfusion group for T1 stage was 96.0%, which was higher than 61.5% of the non-perfusion group and 92.3% of the MRI ( P=0.010). The specificity of the perfusion group for the diagnosis of T2 stage was 95.7%, higher than the non-perfusion group and MRI ( P=0.037), the positive predictive value of the perfusion group for T2 stage was 90.9%, which was higher than the non-perfusion group and MRI ( P=0.035). The diagnostic accuracy of the perfusion group for T2 stage was 94.2%, higher than the non-perfusion group and MRI (χ 2=7.070, P=0.029). There were no statistically significant differences in diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy among the perfusion group and the non-perfusion group and the MRI for T3 and T4 (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Coupled-agent perfusion makes it convenient and fast for intracavity ultrasound to diagnose T staging of rectal cancer, and the diagnostic efficiency is comparable to MRI. In particular, it can be used as a highly reliable imaging method for T1 and T2 rectal cancer.

Objective:To analyze the occupational health monitoring data of workers in Zhoushan City, and provide scientific basis for health monitoring and the formulation of occupational disease prevention measures.Methods:From January 2016 to November 2019, the occupational health examination data of 37826 workers in Zhoushan City were collected to analyze the change trend of the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases and occupational contraindications, and to compare the health monitoring status of workers with different social characteristics such as enterprise scale and economic type.Results:From 2016 to 2019, the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases showed a downward trend (χ 2trend=21.09, P<0.05) . The occupational health examination of on-the-job workers in Zhoushan were mainly small enterprises (59.72%, 22591/37826) , private economic enterprises (65.32%, 24707/37826) , male (82.03%, 31028/37826) , 30-49 years old (59.11%, 22359/37826) , and exposed to noise (67.06%, 25365/37826) . The detection rates of occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases were higher in micro enterprise, male, over 60 years old, exposed to occupational hazards for more than 49 months, and exposed to chemical and physical hazards at the same time. The detection rates of occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases were significantly different among different enterprise scale, economic type, gender, age and occupational hazard factors ( P<0.05) . Among benzene workers with occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases, the detection rate of A/G abnormality in female workers was higher than that in male workers ( P=0.04) , and there was no significant difference in other genders ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:It is necessary to pay more attention to the workers working in small and private enterprises in Zhoushan City, strengthen the occupational health supervision of male workers who are over 60 years old who are exposed to benzene, noise and other occupational hazards, standardize the occupational health inspection, and effectively protect the health of the occupational population.

Objective:To analyze the occupational health monitoring data of workers in Zhoushan City, and provide scientific basis for health monitoring and the formulation of occupational disease prevention measures.Methods:From January 2016 to November 2019, the occupational health examination data of 37826 workers in Zhoushan City were collected to analyze the change trend of the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases and occupational contraindications, and to compare the health monitoring status of workers with different social characteristics such as enterprise scale and economic type.Results:From 2016 to 2019, the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases showed a downward trend (χ 2trend=21.09, P<0.05) . The occupational health examination of on-the-job workers in Zhoushan were mainly small enterprises (59.72%, 22591/37826) , private economic enterprises (65.32%, 24707/37826) , male (82.03%, 31028/37826) , 30-49 years old (59.11%, 22359/37826) , and exposed to noise (67.06%, 25365/37826) . The detection rates of occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases were higher in micro enterprise, male, over 60 years old, exposed to occupational hazards for more than 49 months, and exposed to chemical and physical hazards at the same time. The detection rates of occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases were significantly different among different enterprise scale, economic type, gender, age and occupational hazard factors ( P<0.05) . Among benzene workers with occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases, the detection rate of A/G abnormality in female workers was higher than that in male workers ( P=0.04) , and there was no significant difference in other genders ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:It is necessary to pay more attention to the workers working in small and private enterprises in Zhoushan City, strengthen the occupational health supervision of male workers who are over 60 years old who are exposed to benzene, noise and other occupational hazards, standardize the occupational health inspection, and effectively protect the health of the occupational population.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of neonatal methylmalonic aciduria (MMA)regarding clinical manifestations,laboratory findings,gene mutations,treatments and prognosis.Methods Acylcamitine levels in blood samples of 207 308 neonates born from January 2016 to December 2017 in Xuzhou were detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and the abnormal results were further confirmed by detecting organic acids in urine samples with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gene sequencing analysis.Patients with isolated MMA were treated with dietary control and levocarnitine,while those complicated by homocysteinemia were treated with vitamin B12,levocarnitine,glycine betaine and calcium folinate.Clinical manifestations,laboratory findings,imaging features,genotypes,treatments and prognosis of patients with MMA were retrospectively analyzed.Paired sample t-test was applied for statistical analysis.Results MMA was eventually diagnosed in 12 patients,among which three were isolated MMA and nine were complicated by homocysteinemia.The three isolated MMA cases failed to response to vitamin B12 treatment without any symptoms on diagnosis.However,vitamin B12 was effective for the other nine patients,among which four had no clinical symptoms on diagnosis and five had manifestations such as slow response,recurrent vomiting,poor feeding,dyspnea,anemia and jaundice.Abnormal results of cranial MRI included bilateral basal ganglia damage,enlarged extracranial space,ventriculomegaly and changes in white matter.All patients underwent genetic analysis and three were found with MUT gene mutations and nine with MMACHC gene mutations.MUT gene mutations were classified into five types,including c.I106G＞A,c.1880A＞G,c.441T＞A,c.581C＞T and c.1741C＞T.Eight types of MMACHC gene mutations were identified,including c.609G＞A,c.658_660delAAG,c.482G＞A,c.1A＞G,c.567dupT,c.80A＞G,c.276+1G＞A and c.228_23 l delTGAC.Two mutations,c.276+lG＞A and c.228 23 ldelTGAC,were novel mutations.The most common mutation in MMACHC gene was c.609G＞A,followed by c.658_660delAAG and c.482G＞A.One of the isolated MMA patients died after refusing treatments and the other two showed significant decrease in serum propionylcarnitine,propionylcarnitine to acetylcarnitine ratio,serum homocysteine and methylmalonic acid and methylcitric acid in urine after treatment.Moreover,of the two patients who were alive at follow-up,one experienced normal growth and development and the other suffered from growth retardation.The ratio of propionylcamitine to acetylcarnitine and the levels of serum propionylcarnitine,serum homocysteine and methylmalonic acid and methylcitric acid in urine were significantly decreased in the nine patients with MMA complicated by homocystinuria after one month of treatment [0.88±0.35 vs 0.13±0.05,(7.12±1.90) μ mol/L vs (3.18±1.08) μ mol/L,(136.48±38.14) μ mol/L vs (34.41±17.33) μmol/L,103.51±69.62vs 5.35±2.15 and 7.95±6.88 vs 1.02±0.48,t=-6.166,-6.687,-12.941,-4.208 and-3.015,respectively,all P＜0.05].Two deaths,three asymptomatic and four psychomotor retardation patients were reported during follow-up.Conclusions Newborn screening with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry is important for early diagnosis of MMA.MMACHC gene defects are the main causes of MMA in Xuzhou area and the predominant one is c.609G＞A mutation.Prognosis of MMA might be related to disease type,age of onset and patient's reactivity to vitamin B12.

Based on the data from the -, the bibliometric analysis was applied to analyze and evaluate the literature regarding clinical research of acupuncture for ophthalmopathy published between 1954 to 2016, hoping to objectively reflect the disease spectrum and indication of acupuncture for ophthalmopathy. The results showed that the disease spectrum of acupuncture for ophthalmopathy involved 47 specific diseases in 13 types of diseases. The total number of cases was 176 469, and the number of effective cases was 160 662, and the effective rate was 91.0%. The indication of acupuncture for ophthalmopathy included myopia, blepharoptosis and conjunctivitis. The commonly used indications were strabismus, dry eye and ophthalmoplegia, and the secondary indications were optic atrophy, blepharoptosis, oculomotor paralysis, blepharospasm, amblyopia. The most commonly used acupuncture points for ophthalmopathy were Cuanzhu (BL 2), Jingming (BL 1), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), and the most commonly used auricular points were yan (LO), gan (CO) and shen (CO). As for the methods of acupoint combination, local acupoints were mainly selected, combined with distal acupoint to assist treatment.