To analyze the disease burden, temporal trends, and attributable risk factors of early-onset female breast cancer (EOBC) in China and globally from 1990 to 2021.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of cognitive and motor function in predicting conversion to neurodegenerative disorders in patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD).Methods:Forty-seven patients with iRBD were collected from the Department of Neurology of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Site during October 2018 and June 2022. All participants received comprehensive evaluations of cognitive and motor function at baseline. The visuospatial function was evaluated by Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF)-copy, the memory function was evaluated by Auditory Verbal Learning Test and ROCF-recall, the attention-executive function was evaluated by Trail Making Test (TMT) and Stroop Color-Word Test, and the language function was evaluated by Boston Naming Test. The motor function was evaluated by Unified Parkinson′s Disease Rating Scale-Ⅲ, Alternate-tap Test (ATT), and 3-meter Timed Up and Go Test. The iRBD patients with phenoconversion were identified during follow-up. Receiver operating characteristic curve and generalized linear model Logistic regression were applied to identify the optimal combination of cognitive and motor tests in distinguishing the converters from non-converters in patients with iRBD. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to evaluate the independent risk factors in predicting conversion to neurodegenerative diseases in patients with iRBD.Results:The median follow-up duration was 3 years. Forty-five iRBD patients were included in the analysis eventually, as 2 dropped out at follow-up. Twenty-one iRBD patients developed neurodegenerative disorders, with 14 presenting motor phenotype and 7 cognitive phenotype. Baseline ROCF-copy, TMT-A and ATT were best combination in identifying iRBD patients with phenoconversion [sensitivity: 90.0%, specificity: 87.5%, area under curve (AUC): 0.931, P<0.001]. Baseline TMT-A and ATT were best combination in identifying iRBD patients with motor phenotype conversion (sensitivity: 100.0%, specificity: 66.7%, AUC: 0.872, P<0.001); Baseline TMT-A performed best in identifying iRBD patients with cognitive phenotype conversion (sensitivity: 83.3%, specificity: 91.7%, AUC: 0.917, P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that individuals with poorer performance of TMT-A (cut-off value: 63.0 s) and ATT (cut-off value: 205.5 taps/min) than the cut-off values at baseline had higher risks for developing to neurodegenerative disorders, with HR values of 5.455 (95% CI 1.243-23.941, P=0.025) and 11.279 (95% CI 1.485-85.646, P=0.019), respectively. Conclusions:In iRBD, ROCF-copy, TMT-A and ATT served as optimum combination in predicting phenoconversion, whereas TMT-A and ATT served as optimum combination in predicting motor phenotype, and TMT-A performed best in predicting cognitive phenotype. The performance in TMT-A and ATT in iRBD could predict the risk of developing to neurodegenerative disorders independently.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of the methionine synthase reductase （MTRR） rs10380 C＞T gene polymorphism on methotrexate （MTX） plasma concentration， adverse drug reaction， and prognosis in children with intracranial tumors. METHODS Peripheral blood was collected from children with intracranial tumors， and genomic DNA was extracted. The MTRR rs10380 C＞T genotype was analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry. The association of the MTRR rs10380 C＞T gene polymorphism with the ratio of MTX plasma concentration to dose （C/D ratio）， adverse drug reaction， tumor recurrence， and metastasis was analyzed. Bioinformatics analysis was used to explore the association of the rs10380 genotype and MTRR gene expression and its possible mechanisms. RESULTS A total of 75 children were included in the study. The distribution frequencies of the wild-type CC genotype and C allele of rs10380 were 62.67% and 81.33%， respectively， while the distribution frequencies of the variant CT genotype and T allele were 37.33% and 18.67%， respectively， which were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium（P＞0.05）. The incidence of electrolyte disorders （51.06%） and tumor metastasis rate （57.45%） in children with the CC genotype were significantly higher than those with the CT genotype （P＜0.05）. No significant differences were observed in the 24-hour and 42-hour C/D ratios and recurrence rates between the two genotypes of children （P＞0.05）. Bioinformatics analysis showed that MTRR protein mainly works in conjunction with 10 proteins， including MMAA， and was involved in various biological processes such as sulfur amino acid biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS The MTRR rs10380 CC genotype may be a risk factor for electrolyte disorders and tumor metastasis in children with intracranial tumors after MTX chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVES: With the increasing detection rate of lung nodules, the qualitative problem of lung nodules has become one of the key clinical issues. This study aims to evaluate the value of combining dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI based on time-resolved imaging with interleaved stochastic trajectories-volume interpolated breath hold examination (TWIST-VIBE) with T₁ weighted free-breathing star-volumetric interpolated breath hold examination (T₁WI star-VIBE) in identifying benign and malignant lung nodules. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 79 adults with undetermined lung nodules before the operation. All nodules of patients included were classified into malignant nodules (n=58) and benign nodules (n=26) based on final diagnosis. The unenhanced T₁WI-VIBE, the contrast-enhanced T₁WI star-VIBE, and the DCE curve based on TWIST-VIBE were performed. The corresponding qualitative [wash-in time, wash-out time, time to peak (TTP), arrival time (AT), positive enhancement integral (PEI)] and quantitative parameters [volume transfer constant (Ktrans), interstitium-to-plasma rate constant (Kep), and fractional extracellular space volume (Ve)] were evaluated. Besides, the diagnostic efficacy (sensitivity and specificity) of enhanced CT and MRI were compared. RESULTS: There were significant differences in unenhanced T₁WI-VIBE hypo-intensity, and type of A, B, C DCE curve type between benign and malignant lung nodules (all P<0.001). Pulmonary malignant nodules had a shorter wash-out time than benign nodules (P=0.001), and the differences of the remaining parameters were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). After T₁WI star-VIBE contrast-enhanced MRI, the image quality was further improved. Compared with enhanced CT scan, the sensitivity (82.76% vs 80.50%) and the specificity (69.23% vs 57.10%) based on MRI were higher than that of CT (both P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS T₁WI star-VIBE and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI based on TWIST-VIBE were helpful to improve the image resolution and provide more information for clinical differentiation between benign and malignant lung nodules.
Adult ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Plasma ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Lung

The prediction of compound-protein interaction (CPI) is a critical technological tool for discovering lead compounds and drug repurposing during the process of drug development.In recent years, deep learning has been widely used in CPI research, which has accelerated the development of CPI prediction in drug discovery.This review focuses on feature-based CPI prediction models.First, we described the datasets, as well as typical feature representation methods commonly used for compounds and proteins in CPI prediction.Based on the critical problems in modeling, we discussed models for CPI prediction from two perspectives: multimodal features and attention mechanisms.Then, the performance of 12 selected models was evaluated on 3 benchmark datasets for both classification and regression tasks.Finally, the review summarizes the existing challenges in this field and prospects for future directions.We believe that this investigation will provide some reference and insight for further research on CPI prediction.

High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has emerged as an effective treatment option for some refractory and severe dermatoses with few adverse reactions. The Fab and Fc fragments of IgG can exert anti-inflammatory effect by mediating specific downstream reactions via binding to a variety of autoantigens, autoantibodies and complements. This review summarizes action mechanisms of IVIG, focuses on the progress towards its application in severe dermatoses (such as severe drug eruption, refractory dermatomyositis and autoimmune bullous diseases) and special populations, as well as its adverse reactions.

Objective:By demonstrating the performance, experience and practical value of the original " science and technology evaluation" of Fuwai Hospital, it is expected to build the brand of " Fuwai innovative service for science and technology evaluation" and provide a wider social service.Methods:The four-in-one " science and technology evaluation and service system" , which is composed of " standardized local data-base" , " Fuwai Spider Net Map and Spider Track Map evaluation method" , " hierarchy three-level index system" , and " intellectual science and technology evaluation and service system" , is established for efficient evaluation of science and technology.Results:The " science and technology evaluation and service system" has run with benefit in Fuwai Hospital for years.With the multi-factor evaluating feature, it solves the drawbacks of traditional evaluating system, thus improving accuracy of evaluation and helping implementation of national policies.If the system is extended to other hospitals, it would advocate the feature and strength of Fuwai science and technology evaluation system as well as provide pluralistic reference and advice for decision-making departments.Conclusions:Science and technology evaluation is such a systemic work, with all issues of different levels along the whole evaluating process to be considered.Drawbacks exist in the traditional method which depends on a single final score.By the practice of Fuwai Hospital, the innovative " four in one" evaluation system has been validated to be more scientific.

Objective The study built a scientific performance assessing model by using information technology to construct an intelligent reviewing system,in order to provide intelligent and normalized evaluation services for scientific research performance.Methods A comprehensive and novel practical scientific performance reviewing system was established to provide objective evaluation of scientific output,which was based on accumulated experience in Fuwai Hospital and ample discussion by the experts of academic committee.Results Scientific performance assessment service,which carried out by the collaboration of scientific research management department and informational technology center,were including senior professional title self-assessing system,annual scientific research performance assessing system on both the department basis and individual basis.All the service received satisfactory effect making the assessing service from manual to intelligent.It helps the assessment result turn into openness,fairness and justice.The establishment of the intelligent scientific performance assessing system broaden the mind and provide the basis for the further scientific reward self-evaluation,scientific project application conditions filtering,technology professionals intelligent screening,supervising qualification self-evaluation and scientific project self-reviewing etc.Conclusions The establishment of scientific performance reviewing system effectively avoided the subjective influence,provided timely,highly efficient and accurate evaluating service and comparative analysis,enabling the assessment result much more objective and fair.It merits the promotional value.

Objective:To determine clinical curative effects of ozone therapy for pemphigus vulgaris.Methods:Ozone hydrotherapy was used as an aid treatment for 32 patients with pemphigus vulgaris.The hydropathic compression of potassium permanganate solution for 34 patients with pemphigus vulgaris served as a control.The main treatment for both groups were glucocorticoids and immune inhibitors.The lesions of patients,bacterial infection,usage of antibiotics,patient's satisfaction,and clinical curative effect were evaluated in the 2 groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the curative effect and the average length of staying at hospital between the 2 groups (P＞0.05).But rate for the usage of antibiotics was significantly reduced in the group of ozone hydrotherapy (P=0.039).The patients were more satisfied in using ozone hydrotherapy than the potassium permanganate solution after 7-day therapy (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Ozone hydrotherapy is a safe and effective aid method for pemphigus vulgaris.It can reduce the usage of antibiotics.

Objective To investigate the effect of different sealing methods of urokinase plus heparin on long-term dialysis catheter thrombolysis.Methods63 patients were treated with maintenance hemodialysis from central venous catheters with catheter thrombosis as a clinical study.The patients were divided into observation group and control group by simple random method.In the observation group, 31 cases were treated with urokinase and heparin mixed solution from the ends of the arteriovenous catheter of permanent double-laryngeal dialysis tube for 24 hours for 3 consecutive days.32 patients in the control group, from the permanent dual-chamber dialysis catheter arterial and vein at both ends with a micro pump pumped urokinase, maintained for 2hours.ResultsThere was no significant difference in thrombolytic success rate between the two groups.The catheter retention time in the observation group was significantly longer than that in the control group, the dialysis blood flow rate, the solute clearance index and the urea clearance index were significantly higher than those in the control group.The incidence of venous pressure and hemorrhagic adverse events was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionUrea kinase plus heparin mixture is simple and easy to operate, which avoids the risk of excessive localized or systemic hemorrhage caused by excessive urokinase into the blood circulation of patients.It is worthy of popularization.