This study investigates the pharmacokinetics and metabolic characteristics of three marine-derived piericidins as potential drug leads for kidney disease: piericidin A (PA) and its two glycosides (GPAs), glucopiericidin A (GPA) and 13-hydroxyglucopiericidin A (13-OH-GPA). The research aims to facilitate lead selection and optimization for developing a viable preclinical candidate. Rapid absorption of PA and GPAs in mice was observed, characterized by short half-lives and low bioavailability. Glycosides and hydroxyl groups significantly enhanced the absorption rate (13-OH-GPA > GPA > PA). PA and GPAs exhibited metabolic instability in liver microsomes due to Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) and uridine diphosphoglucuronosyl transferases (UGTs). Glucuronidation emerged as the primary metabolic pathway, with UGT1A7, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, and UGT1A10 demonstrating high elimination rates (30%-70%) for PA and GPAs. This rapid glucuronidation may contribute to the low bioavailability of GPAs. Despite its low bioavailability (2.69%), 13-OH-GPA showed higher kidney distribution (19.8%) compared to PA (10.0%) and GPA (7.3%), suggesting enhanced biological efficacy in kidney diseases. Modifying the C-13 hydroxyl group appears to be a promising approach to improve bioavailability. In conclusion, this study provides valuable metabolic insights for the development and optimization of marine-derived piericidins as potential drug leads for kidney disease.
Animals ; Male ; Mice ; Aquatic Organisms/chemistry* ; Biological Availability ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism* ; Glucuronosyltransferase/metabolism* ; Microsomes, Liver/metabolism* ; Molecular Structure ; Biological Products/pharmacokinetics* ; Pyridines/pharmacokinetics*

Objective To explore and analyze the feasibility of using indocyanine green(ICG)near-infrared fluores-cence(NIF)imaging technology for the early diagnosis of oral potential malignant disorders and oral squamous cell car-cinoma.Methods 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in acetone solution was used to induce various pathological models of buccal mucosal lesions(mild/moderate dysplasia,severe dysplasia,squamous cell carcinoma)in golden hamster.ICG-NIF was conducted for the quantitative analysis of the fluorescence signal of lesion tissue,and evaluation of the diagnos-tic and discriminative capabilities of the ICG-NIF technology for mucosal lesions in various pathological states.Immuno-histochemical staining was perform to examine the mi-crovessel density(MVD)and microlymphatic vessel den-sity(MLVD)of mucosa in various pathological states and explore the histological reasons underlying the differ-ences in fluorescence signals.Results The results of ICG-NIF fluorescence quantitative analysis reveal the higher fluorescence intensity of mucosal lesions in the experimental group compared with that of the normal mucosa on the control side,with statistical differences(P＜0.05).Moreover,the more severe the malignancy of mucosal lesions in the experimental group,the higher the fluorescence intensity.According to histopathological analysis,the malignant pro-gression of mucosal lesions in golden hamsters was accompanied with an increase in MVD(P＜0.05)and a decrease in MLVD(P＜0.05).Conclusion The abnormal proliferation of mucosal lesions in golden hamsters exhibits a difference in ICG-NIF fluorescence signal compared with normal mucosal tissue.Fluorescence quantitative analysis methods can provide assistance in differentiation and show potential for clinical applications.

Liver transplant patients require lifelong immunotherapy， and if they are infected by SARS-Cov-2， their immune function will face double whammy. This report described the integrated approach of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of a liver transplant patient with severe COVID-19. The treatment was involved with western medicine such as antiviral， immunosuppressive， focusing on maintaining immune balance. Traditional Chinese medicine was given based on the differentiation of syndromes， targeting at the core pathogenesis and using methods such as promoting qi circulation， clearing heat and resolving dampness， draining lung and relieving panting. Following the treatment， the patient exhibited notable improvement in clinical symptoms and liver function， leading to the effective cessation of disease progression and a shortened recovery period.

Objective:This paper briefly reviewed the literature related to skin flaps published in Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery ( CJPS) and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ( PRS) in recent five years (from January 2016 to December 2020) to compare the similarities and differences between these two journals and to direct future research. Methods:In May of 2021, literature with "flap" as the keyword in the titles and abstracts published in CJPS and PRS in recent five years were searched. Related literature published by CJPS were searched by Wanfang Data and CNKI database, and that of PRS were searched by PubMed and Scopus database. After removing the repetitive literature, the titles and abstracts were read to exclude the non-flap studies and non-original articles. By reading the full text and using bibliometrics, the total number of papers published, the number of papers on flap research, the level of evidence-based medicine evidence, the nationality and organization distribution of the authors, the type of flaps, the application of flaps, and new technologies were comprehensively analyzed. Results:The total number of papers published by CJPS in recent five years was 1 116, and 244 were included in this study. The total number of articles published in PRS in the same period was 4 562, and 268 were included in this study. Most of the articles published in PRS are from American authors. The number of articles published by Chinese authors is in the second place. In the past five years, authors from the mainland of China published 21 papers in PRS. Most of the articles published by CJPS are about the pedicle flap, while PRS is about the free flap. CJPS published more articles about the traditional flaps than perforator flaps, and PRS did the opposite. CJPS published articles mainly on the local flap, anterolateral thigh flap, and peroneal artery perforator flap, while PRS focused on the inferior epigastric artery perforator fibula bone or osteocutaneous flap, and anterolateral thigh flap. The indication of flap surgery reported by CJPS is the reconstruction of various defects, while the flaps reported by PRS are mainly used in breast reconstruction and other fields. In addition, computer-aided imaging, indocyanine green angiography, propeller flap, multilobed flap, and other new technologies and concepts have been widely reported in the literature related to skin flaps published in CPJS and PRS. Conclusions:In the recent five years, the flap research in China has been at the leading international level and has certain competitiveness. However, the study in China is limited to reporting clinical experience, and the level of evidence-based medicine is relatively low, so there is still a certain gap with the international frontier research.

Objective:This paper briefly reviewed the literature related to skin flaps published in Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery ( CJPS) and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ( PRS) in recent five years (from January 2016 to December 2020) to compare the similarities and differences between these two journals and to direct future research. Methods:In May of 2021, literature with "flap" as the keyword in the titles and abstracts published in CJPS and PRS in recent five years were searched. Related literature published by CJPS were searched by Wanfang Data and CNKI database, and that of PRS were searched by PubMed and Scopus database. After removing the repetitive literature, the titles and abstracts were read to exclude the non-flap studies and non-original articles. By reading the full text and using bibliometrics, the total number of papers published, the number of papers on flap research, the level of evidence-based medicine evidence, the nationality and organization distribution of the authors, the type of flaps, the application of flaps, and new technologies were comprehensively analyzed. Results:The total number of papers published by CJPS in recent five years was 1 116, and 244 were included in this study. The total number of articles published in PRS in the same period was 4 562, and 268 were included in this study. Most of the articles published in PRS are from American authors. The number of articles published by Chinese authors is in the second place. In the past five years, authors from the mainland of China published 21 papers in PRS. Most of the articles published by CJPS are about the pedicle flap, while PRS is about the free flap. CJPS published more articles about the traditional flaps than perforator flaps, and PRS did the opposite. CJPS published articles mainly on the local flap, anterolateral thigh flap, and peroneal artery perforator flap, while PRS focused on the inferior epigastric artery perforator fibula bone or osteocutaneous flap, and anterolateral thigh flap. The indication of flap surgery reported by CJPS is the reconstruction of various defects, while the flaps reported by PRS are mainly used in breast reconstruction and other fields. In addition, computer-aided imaging, indocyanine green angiography, propeller flap, multilobed flap, and other new technologies and concepts have been widely reported in the literature related to skin flaps published in CPJS and PRS. Conclusions:In the recent five years, the flap research in China has been at the leading international level and has certain competitiveness. However, the study in China is limited to reporting clinical experience, and the level of evidence-based medicine is relatively low, so there is still a certain gap with the international frontier research.

Objective Investigation of the carrier rate, genotyping and genotype frequency of alpha-thalassemia among infertile subjects in Guangxi, and analysis of the relationship between the results of hemoglobin electrophoresis and hematologic parameters among patients with three phenotypes of alpha-thalassemia and subjects with non-thalassemia. Methods The preliminarily patients who were diagnosed as beta-thalassemia via HbA2>3.5％ and/or HbF> 2％ were excluded. Alpha-thalassemia genes of 10 020 infertile subjects were detected in our center from 2017 to 2018, and the results of hemoglobin electrophoresis and hematologic parameters in patients with three phenotypes of alpha-thalassemia were compared. Results 624 patients with alpha-thalassemia were confirmed via gene diagnostic technique, including 19 genotypes, total carrier rate for 6.23％, 275 (2.74％) patients with silent alpha-thalassemia, 326 (3.25％) patients with alpha-thalassemia trait and 23 (0.23％) patients with HbH disease. The most common genotype was--SEA/αα, followed by-α3.7/αα and α, CSα/αα. The parameters of MCV, MCH, MCHC, Hb, HCT, HbA2 were lower, but the value of RBC were higher (both P < 0.05) , in patients with three phenotypes of alpha-thalassemia than subjects with non-thalassemia. The parameters mentioned above excluding HbA2 in patients with alpha-thalassemia showed the following regularity : silent alpha-thalassemia> potential alpha-thalassemia> HbH disease. RBC value tended to increase gradually in patients with silent alpha-thalassemia, potential alpha-thalassemia and HbH disease. Conclusion Infertility with alpha-thalassemia is very popular in Guangxi, especially--SEA/αα which is the most common genotype. The value of MCV, MCH, MCHC, Hb, RBC and HCT are conducive to screening for infertile subjects with alpha-thalassemia, and have certain clinical value for differentiating three phenotypes of alpha-thalassemia.

Objective To compare the clinical complications between S2 alar-iliac(S2AI) screw and iliac screw(IS) fixation technique.Methods The data of 65 patients who were diagnosed as degenerative scoliosis and underwent spinopelvic fixation in our hospital from August 2010 to July 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.These patients were divided into the iliac screw fixation group (IS group) with 43 patients and the S2 alar iliac fixation group (S2AI group) with 22 patients according to different methods.The complications included screw loosening,screw breakage,acute infections,delayed wound infection and persistent pain over the gluteal region occurring longer than 3 months postoperatively were recorded.Results There were 8cases with screw loosening and 13 cases with gluteal pain in IS group,while there were no screw loosening and only 2 cases with gluteal pain in S2AI group.The average onset of gluteal pain were 11.8 months postoperatively in the IS group and 18 months postoperatively in the S2AI group.It showed that the absolute risk reduction(ARR) of screw loosening and late pain in the S2AI group was 18.6%,which was lower than 21.1% in the IS group. In the IS group, there were a total of 5 cases of delayed wound infection. Finally,3 caes of them were cured by irrigation and debridement only.and the other 2 cases were cured by irrigation and debridement with implant removal.There were no cases of delayed wound infection in the S2AI group.Conclusion The S2AI technique is associated with significantly less clinical and radiographic complications when compared with the iliac screws technique,it is a kind of internal fixation of spine and pelvis,which is worthy of being popularized by spine surgeons.

Objective To investigate whether γH2AX could be a useful biomarker for evaluating the DNA double‐stranded . Methods Semem samples in case group were from 27 infertile males who were diagnosed in Andriatrics department or reproductive centre in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University .The other semen samples were from 23 healthy donors with fertility as comparison .The levels of γH2AX were detected by flow cytometry .Single cell gel electropherosis(SCGE)was applied to assess the level of DSBs of sperm .Density gradient centrifugation(DGC) was applied to optimized spermatozoa .Results TheγH2AX levels and the DSBs of the sperm of the infertile subjects were significantly higher than those of healthy males(P<0 .01) , and the levels of γH2AX and the DSBs of sperm significantly decreased in two groups by DGC(P<0 .01) .Conclusion The level of spermatozoaγH2AX is higher in male infertility patients than in healthy donors with fertility ,which might be a useful biomarker for evaluating DSBs of sperm .