Antibody-drug conjugates （ADCs） are a novel class of anti-tumor agents composed of a targeted monoclonal antibody， a cytotoxic drug， and a linker connecting the two. They combine the high specificity of antibodies with the potent cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. Triple-negative breast cancer （TNBC） is characterized by high aggressiveness， elevated risks of recurrence and metastasis， and poor prognosis， largely due to the lack of effective therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the research progress of ADCs in the treatment of TNBC. It has been found that ADCs targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （such as trastuzumab deruxtecan）， trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 （such as sacituzumab govitecan and datopotamab deruxtecan）， zinc transporter LIV-1 （such as ladiratuzumab vedotin）， HER-3 （such as patritumab deruxtecan）， epidermal growth factor receptor （such as AVID100）， and glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B （such as glembatumumab vedotin） have all demonstrated promising therapeutic effects against TNBC. Despite challenges including acquired resistance and treatment-related toxicities， ADCs are undoubtedly reshaping the therapeutic landscape for TNBC and are expected to occupy a more central position in TNBC treatment in the future.

Urine is not sterile but contains a complex urinary microbiome that is established as early as infancy and gradually refines with age. There are great differences in urinary microbiome of different ages and gender. At present，the core urinary microbiome of children has not reached a consensus. The urinary microbiome plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of urothelium，reducing the overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria，and local immune function. Changes in microbial diversity and composition are associated with various diseases of the urinary system，especially in urinary tract infections. In recent years，research on the relationship between urinary microbiome composition，microbiome，and urinary tract infection in children has been deepening. Therefore，this review aims to provide an overview of the urinary microbiome and its role in urinary tract infection in children，and to summarize the methods of intervening and reshaping the urinary microbiome in children to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections.

Beta-thalassemia major(β-TM)is an inherited disease caused by a defect in the synthesis of globin. The disease requires long-term blood transfusion and iron chelator treatment, which can cause various secondary changes in the body and eye tissues. Compared with normal peers, β-TM patients will show changes in the eye such as steeper corneal curvature, shallower anterior chamber, increased lens thickness, shorter axial length, and reduced tear secretion. At the same time, nutritional deficiencies and the use of iron chelator drugs will increase the risk of complicated cataract and retinal degeneration, thus affecting the quality of life of β-TM patients.This article combines relevant domestic and foreign literatures to explore and review the changes in the eye of β-TM patients, with a view to providing valuable insights for clinical practice.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)is a treatment for many malignant tumors of blood system and severe immunodeficiency, and chronic graft-versus-host disease(cGVHD)is one of the major complications after transplantation, which seriously affects the life quality of patients. The cGVHD can attack all the target tissues of the eye. The more common ones are lacrimal gland, eyelid, conjunctiva, cornea and limbus, meibomian gland, etc. The pathophysiological process is inflammation and fibrosis. Although many researchers at home and abroad have gradually begun to explore the disease and obtained many new findings, its pathology and pathogenesis are still not fully understood, and there is no unified and effective treatment. Clinically, the treatment of the disease is usually when symptoms have appeared. At this time, the target tissue is likely to have irreversible and permanent damage, resulting in a protracted and refractory situation. Therefore, this thesis mainly clarifies the research progress of the pathology and pathogenesis of ocular cGVHD in recent years, in order to provide new guidance for the treatment of the disease.

The aim of this experiment is to investigate the mechanism of liver cell damage induced by nonylphenol(NP).After establishing an in vitro model of NP induced BRL-3A liver cell injury,changes of oxidative damage markers were evaluated,Fe2+content was determined,the ultrastruc-ture of BRL-3A was observed,and the expression level of iron death marker proteins were deter-mined.The results showed that NP could significantly increase ROS and MDA in BRL-3A cells(P＜0.05);the GSH content,GSH Px activity,and SOD activity were significantly reduced(P＜0.05);the Fe2+content significantly increased(P＜0.05)and showed a dose-dependent effect;the mitochondrial volume of BRL-3A cells significantly decreases,the mitochondrial cristae break or e-ven disappear,and some mitochondria show vacuolization;the expression levels of iron homeostasis related proteins TFR1 and FTH1 were significantly reduced(P＜0.05).The results indicate that ferroptosis is involved in the mechanism of NP induced liver cell damage,which bene-fits for further exploration of NP pathogenesis.

β thalassemia is a hereditary hemolytic disease caused by the defect of β globin gene. Transfusion-dependent β thalassemia patients need long-term blood transfusion to survive, and a series of systemic and ocular complications will occur in the disease itself and long-term blood transfusion. Retinal blood vessel density decreases, retinal thickness thinned and elastic pseudoxanthoxanoma syndrome are found in fundus due to long-term anemia and side effects of iron chelating agent. At present, there are few reports about eye changes in thalassemia patients, and the cognition is relatively scarce. Therefore, it is necessary to be vigilant for physicians, deeply explore the cause and symptomatic treatment, combined with individual disease characteristics, to provide a more scientific and accurate plan for clinical treatment.

In order to effectively prevent the damage to the human body caused by abnormal oxygen concentration in the medical hyperbaric oxygen chamber, a ZigBee-based medical hyperbaric oxygen chamber oxygen concentration automatic control system is designed. The data acquisition module uses the microprocessor STM32F103C8T6 to receive the oxygen concentration data of each acquisition point, and the ZigBee of the data processing module transmits the processing results to the MSP430G2553 single-chip microcomputer at the receiving end of the slave. The MSP430G2553 single-chip microcomputer uses a self-organizing TS fuzzy neural network (SOTSFNN) and adds activation. The intensity concept realizes automatic control of the oxygen concentration in the hyperbaric oxygen chamber, and controls the buzzer to give an alarm when the oxygen concentration is lower than 19 mg/L and higher than 23 mg/L, and displays the current real-time oxygen concentration through LCD12864. The experimental results show that as the communication distance increases, the packet loss rate of the system is always lower than 5%, and the signal strength under the same communication distance is better; the system can effectively control the oxygen concentration value within the set range, and the oxygen concentration. The control accuracy is high and the stability is good.
Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Microcomputers ; Oxygen

OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of surgical history on chemotherapy -induced nausea and vomiting （CINV）. METHODS A retrospective case -control study was adopted ，with 824 patients undergoing chemotherapy as the object . A total of 27 items were collected ，including demographic data ，medical history data ，pre-chemotherapy data ，and chemotherapy treatment status. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the history of surgery and the risk of CINV . The multiple models were constructed to correct potential confounding factors ，and subgroup analysis was performed on patients with surgical history . RESULTS The incidence of CINV was higher in patients with surgical history . The statistical result before adjustment was [OR＝1.72，95%CI（1.31，2.28），P＜0.001]；after adjusting potential confounding factors ，the statistical result was [OR＝1.78，95% CI（1.28，2.48），P＝0.001]. In the subgroup analysis ，the time between surgery and chemotherapy was different ， and the impact of surgical history on CINV was different ，and the results were statistically significant （P＝0.027）. The risk of CINV showed decreasing trend with the time ，and the results were statistically significant （P for trend ≤0.050）. Compared with patients who had not undergone surgery ，patients who had undergone surgery within one year had a higher risk of CINV [OR＝ 2.33，95%CI（1.52，3.59），P＜0.001]. CONCLUSIONS Patients with surgical history are more prone to CINV ，and the risk of CINV shows a downward trend in the length of time from surgery .

Medical science and technology innovation activities should meet the latest requirements of Opinions Issued to Strengthen Governance over Ethics in Science and Technology. Thus, attention should paid on the challenges facing medical science and technology ethics governance. This study discussed the necessity, responsibilities and operational guarantee elements of establishing an independent and professional regional medical science and technology ethics center. On the one hand, promote the innovation and development of medical science and technology and ensure the compliance with ethical norms, On the other hand, the government needs to carry out top-level design and build a science and technology ethics system with equal emphasis on supervision and technical services.

Objective To investigate the relation between the characteristics of CD8+T lymphocyte infiltration and the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of 126 patients with triple-negative breast cancer undergoing preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Immunohistochemical staining was used to analyze the relation between CD8+T lymphocyte infiltration and clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve, and Cox risk ratio regression model was used to analyze the prognostic factors affecting disease-free survival time (DFS). Results High-density CD8+Tils was associated with age < 60 years old, high pathological grade and high clinical stage (P < 0.05). The pCR rate of high-density CD8+Tils group was higher than that of the low-density group (66.7% vs. 19.8%, P=0.000). The median DFS of the high-density group was significantly longer than that of the low-density group (49 vs. 25 months, P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that high pathological grade, tumor diameter > 2 cm, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion and CD8+Tils low-density infiltration were factors for poor prognosis (P < 0.05), and CD8+Tils was an independent prognostic factor. Conclusion CD8+Tils may be an independent prognostic indicator for triple-negative breast cancer. The patients with high-density infiltration have high postoperative pCR rate, long DFS and better long-term efficacy.