Objective:To compare and analyze the differences of exercise cardiopulmonary function and the correlation of different cardiopulmonary function indexes among different aircraft types in pilots.Methods:Retrospective study was used. The exercise cardiopulmonary function of 68 Air Force pilots who were qualified for flight in aeromedical identification were tested with the Italian Cosmed exercise cardiopulmonary function tester at a power increasing rate of 25 W/min. The subjects were divided into fighter group and other aircraft group according to aircraft types. The differences of exercise cardiopulmonary function between 2 groups were compared. The correlation between maximal oxygen uptake and age, body mass index, and the correlation between heart rate recovery and exercise endurance were analyzed.Results:There were significant differences in maximal heart rate, respiratory quotient and heart rate recovery value at 1 min after exercise between fighter group (32 cases) and other aircraft group (36 cases) ( t=2.28, 2.50, 2.37, P=0.026, 0.049, 0.021). There was no significant difference in other indexes. The maximal oxygen uptake was negatively correlated with age and body mass index ( r=-0.329, -0.339, both P<0.001). The values of heart rate recovery at 2 min and 3 min after exercise were positively correlated with maximal oxygen uptake and maximal exercise power ( r=0.284, 0.290, 0.306, 0.268, P=0.001, 0.026, 0.002, 0.002). Conclusions:The indexes of exercise cardiopulmonary function have significant differences among pilots in different aircraft types, and there are significant changes with age and weight gain. The heart rate after exercise can monitor the changes of cardiopulmonary function under different training conditions.

Objective:To provide references for the vestibular function stability training of military pilots by evaluating the stability of vestibular function of military pilots.Methods:An electric swivel chair was used to train the vestibular function stability of military pilots. According to the order of admission, they were divided into 21-30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old and ≥51 years old group, with 30 pilots in each group. The changes of excellent rate, good rate, qualified rate, unqualified rate and tolerance time of the stability of vestibular function by training were compared among different age groups, and the correlation between age and tolerance time was analyzed.Results:There were significant differences of unqualified rate in pilots aged 31-40 and ≥51 years group before and after training ( χ2=4.32, 4.80, Ρ=0.038, 0.028). The failure rate after training was lower than that before training, with a significant difference ( χ2=13.02, P<0.001). The total tolerance time was higher than that before training, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=17.61, P<0.001). The stability tolerance time of pilots in different age groups after vestibular function training were increased compared with that before training, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=6.50, 8.82, 9.48, 13.56, all P<0.001). The stability of vestibular function of military pilots gradually declined with the increase of age, and there was a negative correlation between age and training tolerance time ( r=-0.38, P<0.001). Conclusions:The training of electric swivel chair can improve the vestibular function stability of military pilots, increase the tolerance time, and enhance the tolerance ability of military pilots when vestibular function is stimulated.

Objective:To compare and analyze the differences of exercise cardiopulmonary function and the correlation of different cardiopulmonary function indexes among different aircraft types in pilots.Methods:Retrospective study was used. The exercise cardiopulmonary function of 68 Air Force pilots who were qualified for flight in aeromedical identification were tested with the Italian Cosmed exercise cardiopulmonary function tester at a power increasing rate of 25 W/min. The subjects were divided into fighter group and other aircraft group according to aircraft types. The differences of exercise cardiopulmonary function between 2 groups were compared. The correlation between maximal oxygen uptake and age, body mass index, and the correlation between heart rate recovery and exercise endurance were analyzed.Results:There were significant differences in maximal heart rate, respiratory quotient and heart rate recovery value at 1 min after exercise between fighter group (32 cases) and other aircraft group (36 cases) ( t=2.28, 2.50, 2.37, P=0.026, 0.049, 0.021). There was no significant difference in other indexes. The maximal oxygen uptake was negatively correlated with age and body mass index ( r=-0.329, -0.339, both P<0.001). The values of heart rate recovery at 2 min and 3 min after exercise were positively correlated with maximal oxygen uptake and maximal exercise power ( r=0.284, 0.290, 0.306, 0.268, P=0.001, 0.026, 0.002, 0.002). Conclusions:The indexes of exercise cardiopulmonary function have significant differences among pilots in different aircraft types, and there are significant changes with age and weight gain. The heart rate after exercise can monitor the changes of cardiopulmonary function under different training conditions.

Objective:To provide references for the vestibular function stability training of military pilots by evaluating the stability of vestibular function of military pilots.Methods:An electric swivel chair was used to train the vestibular function stability of military pilots. According to the order of admission, they were divided into 21-30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old and ≥51 years old group, with 30 pilots in each group. The changes of excellent rate, good rate, qualified rate, unqualified rate and tolerance time of the stability of vestibular function by training were compared among different age groups, and the correlation between age and tolerance time was analyzed.Results:There were significant differences of unqualified rate in pilots aged 31-40 and ≥51 years group before and after training ( χ2=4.32, 4.80, Ρ=0.038, 0.028). The failure rate after training was lower than that before training, with a significant difference ( χ2=13.02, P<0.001). The total tolerance time was higher than that before training, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=17.61, P<0.001). The stability tolerance time of pilots in different age groups after vestibular function training were increased compared with that before training, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=6.50, 8.82, 9.48, 13.56, all P<0.001). The stability of vestibular function of military pilots gradually declined with the increase of age, and there was a negative correlation between age and training tolerance time ( r=-0.38, P<0.001). Conclusions:The training of electric swivel chair can improve the vestibular function stability of military pilots, increase the tolerance time, and enhance the tolerance ability of military pilots when vestibular function is stimulated.

Objective:To explore the relationship between neck muscle strength and elastic strain of flying personnel by comparing the changes of neck muscle elastic strain values and neck muscle strength before and after neck muscle training in flying personnel with neck pain.Methods:By using CME-1 neck muscle strength trainer, 56 flying personnel were trained under isometric and changeable velocity and resistant (CVR) training mode for 2 weeks. The neck muscle strength and neck muscle elastic strain values before and after training were compared.Results:The elastic strain values of longus colli, splenius capitis and levator scapula were significantly increased by neck muscle training ( t=4.154, 2.348, 2.745, P<0.001, P=0.040, 0.006). The relative growth rate of the average elastic strain values of longus colli, splenius capitis and levator scapula after training was 13.75%, 4.18% and 2.8%, respectively. After neck muscle training, the average maximum neck muscle strength and average 10 s maximum impulse in the directions of forward flexion, backward extension, left flexion and right flexion were higher than those before training, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.364-8.284, all P<0.01); The relative growth rate of the average maximum neck muscle strength in each direction was 39.3%, 34.6%, 35.2% and 28.4%, respectively, and the relative growth rate of the average 10 s maximum impulse was 51.4%, 33.6%, 42.7% and 34.5%, respectively. The elastic strain values of levator scapula and longus colli were negatively correlated with the average maximum muscle strength of anterior flexor ( r=-0.281, -0.387, P=0.036, 0.004). Conclusions:Neck muscle training can effectively improve the strength of neck muscle groups and the elastic strain of some muscle groups. The elastic strain values of levator scapula and longus colli are negatively correlated with the average maximum muscle strength of anterior flexor, those suggesting that neck muscle training has a certain effect on enhancing the activity of anterior flexor muscle groups and maintaining the physiological lordosis of cervical spine.

Objective:To explore the relationship between neck muscle strength and elastic strain of flying personnel by comparing the changes of neck muscle elastic strain values and neck muscle strength before and after neck muscle training in flying personnel with neck pain.Methods:By using CME-1 neck muscle strength trainer, 56 flying personnel were trained under isometric and changeable velocity and resistant (CVR) training mode for 2 weeks. The neck muscle strength and neck muscle elastic strain values before and after training were compared.Results:The elastic strain values of longus colli, splenius capitis and levator scapula were significantly increased by neck muscle training ( t=4.154, 2.348, 2.745, P<0.001, P=0.040, 0.006). The relative growth rate of the average elastic strain values of longus colli, splenius capitis and levator scapula after training was 13.75%, 4.18% and 2.8%, respectively. After neck muscle training, the average maximum neck muscle strength and average 10 s maximum impulse in the directions of forward flexion, backward extension, left flexion and right flexion were higher than those before training, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.364-8.284, all P<0.01); The relative growth rate of the average maximum neck muscle strength in each direction was 39.3%, 34.6%, 35.2% and 28.4%, respectively, and the relative growth rate of the average 10 s maximum impulse was 51.4%, 33.6%, 42.7% and 34.5%, respectively. The elastic strain values of levator scapula and longus colli were negatively correlated with the average maximum muscle strength of anterior flexor ( r=-0.281, -0.387, P=0.036, 0.004). Conclusions:Neck muscle training can effectively improve the strength of neck muscle groups and the elastic strain of some muscle groups. The elastic strain values of levator scapula and longus colli are negatively correlated with the average maximum muscle strength of anterior flexor, those suggesting that neck muscle training has a certain effect on enhancing the activity of anterior flexor muscle groups and maintaining the physiological lordosis of cervical spine.