Objective: To investigate the cause of a foodborne outbreak that occurred in Dong Nai province, Viet Nam, in 2024, and implement control measures. Methods: An initial investigation was conducted to confirm the outbreak, which was followed by epidemiological and environmental investigations to find the plausible causative food item. Clinical specimens and food samples were tested to identify the pathogen. Results: A total of 547 symptomatic cases were recorded, of whom two were in severe condition requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and ventilation, one of whom died. Among 99 interviewed cases, the mean incubation time was 9 hours (range 2–24 hours), with the main symptoms being fever, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and vomiting. All patients had eaten banh mi from a local bakery. Salmonella spp. were identified in food samples and clinical specimens. The bakery halted production, and the outbreak ended after 1 week. Discussion: All the patients were exposed to only one food in common, which facilitated the investigation process. This outbreak is a reminder to small retailers and take-away shops of the importance of food safety management in preventing similar future outbreaks. All food handlers must comply with food hygiene principles, especially in hot temperatures, which boosts bacterial growth.

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic that occurred at the end of 2019, especially the fourth wave in Vietnam, has affected the world not only in terms of economy, society, and physical health but also affected the mental health of population in general and of medical students in particular. The use of different coping methods may be protective or risk factors for mental health problems. Objectives: 1. To investigate the prevalence of anxiety, stress, and depression among medical students during the Covid -19 pandemic 2. To describe several coping behavior among medical students during the pandemic. Subjects and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 2350 students of medicine programme range from the first year to the sixth year in the school year 2021 - 2022 at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Using the DASS-21 scale to survey anxiety, depression and stress in research subjects and a self-designed questionnaire to describe the coping methods of medical students. Results: out of 2350 sample, the prevelance of depression, anxiety, and stress was 38%, 33.2%, and 17% respectively. 13.8% had both anxiety and stress, 15.4% had both stress and depression, and 12.8% had a combination of anxiety, depression and stress. Coping behavior was commonly selected including: eating and sleeping regularly as usual (68.1%); doing exercise at home at least 5 days/week and 30 minutes/day (23.9%); 36.5% of students performed their favorite activities under appropriate conditions most of the time or often. In addition, 59.7% of students had learn new things on the internet, 4.5% of students had practiced meditation and relaxation, 2.9% of students had chosen to write a diary and things they were grateful for; 32% had still maintain contacted with friends via video calls, text messages and 34.4% had chosen to participate in volunteer activities. Conclusion: This study highlights a high rate of anxiety, stress and depression among medical students during the fouthth wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. Personal lifestyle changes and social activities were amongst the most comon coping behavior reported.

Objective To investigate the anti-proliferative effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone isolated from the bark of Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Blume) de Laub. Methods Column chromatography was used for isolation of compounds from plant material. The structure of the isolated compound was identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, including HSQC, HMBC, NOE-difference experiments. The isolated compound was tested for its anti-proliferative activity in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and OCI-AML cells. Results Compound 1 was isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Dacrycarpus imbricatus barks by column chromatography. Its chemical structure was identified as 20-hydroxyecdysone (20HE), a cholestane-type ecdysteroid, by a combination of mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometric analyses. Our goal was to test the anti-proliferative activity of 20HE using the OCI-AML cell line. 20HE significantly decreased OCI cell number at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, whereas lower concentrations were ineffective. Moreover, this decrease was due to partial blockage of the G

Freshwater snails of the family Lymnaeidae play an important role in the transmission of fascioliasis worldwide. In Vietnam, 2 common lymnaeid species, Lymnaea swinhoei and Lymnaea viridis, can be recognized on the basis of morphology, and a third species, Lymnaea sp., is known to exist. Recent studies have raised controversy about their role in transmission of Fasciola spp. because of confusion in identification of the snail hosts. The aim of this study is, therefore, to clarify the identities of lymnaeid snails in Vietnam by a combination of morphological and molecular approaches. The molecular analyses using the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA clearly showed that lymnaeids in Vietnam include 3 species, Austropeplea viridis (morphologically identified as L. viridis), Radix auricularia (morphologically identified as L. swinhoei) and Radix rubiginosa (morphologically identified as Lymnaea sp.). R. rubiginosa is a new record for Vietnam. Among them, only A. viridis was found to be infected with Fasciola spp. These results provide a new insight into lymnaeid snails in Vietnam. Identification of lymnaeid snails in Vietnam and their role in the liver fluke transmission should be further investigated.
Animals ; Cluster Analysis ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/chemistry/genetics ; Fasciola/*isolation & purification ; Lymnaea/*anatomy & histology/genetics/*parasitology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Vietnam

After one year implementation of the decision Number 139 about the health care for the poor, some realizations were achieved in all provinces, the steering committee was assigned to conduct the service of health care for the poor and the fund of health care for the poor was established. In the year 2003, the Ministry of Finance had supplied for 100% of subjects who covered by the Decision Number 139. The fund of health care was responsive for clearing the cost of health care services. The sponsorship for this implementation was encouraged. In the coming future, 100% of the poor population were benefited by this strategy.
Delivery of Health Care ; Poverty ; Epidemiology

In Viet Nam, the method of liver resection developed by Prof. Ton That Tung at Viet Duc Hospital was approved worldwide. After that realisation liver trasplantation had been considered. In 1965 Ton That Tung and his collaborators had carried an experiment to graft total liver on dog and had preliminary success, afterwards human liver tranplantation began to prepare. In 2002, in Viet Duc hospital, 15 cases of experimental liver tranplantation were performed totally in pig to get experience and the results were encouraged. For implementing a first case of liver transplantation in late year 2003 and for developing this technique in some main institution in next time, some preparation must be started
Liver Transplantation ; Liver ; Hepatectomy

Pulmonary dust (mainly silicosis) is a serious occupational disease not only severely influences people health but also cause the death. The silicosis prevention and control is not only responsibility of health sectors but also general responsibility of society. In order to strengthen the silicosis prevention and control, treatment of nursing, it should have combination of intersectors and general community to implement uniform and effective solutions proposed
Silicosis ; Prevention & control

This paper introduced the causes of overload of hospital, including no implementation of compulsory management of the health and consultation as administrative and geographical division, bad implementation of technical distribution, improper policies of hospital bursar and disadvantages of market economy. It was difficult to prevent the overload of hospitals. Therefore, it should be strengthened by practicable solutions in which the health sector plays an important role.
Hospitals ; Solutions

The article introduced some advantages and models of regional general hospitals. The relationship between development of regional general hospitals and strengthening the district health centers also was recommended.
Hospitals ; Community Health Centers ; Hospitals, General

The basic point of view of 4th party central resolution was detailed in the 37th government's resolution in which the humanitarian nature and socialist orientation in the health activity required the equity in the health care. The Vietnam communist party and state planned the establishment of the health network from central to local levels to implement the targets of the health care for all, especially establishment of local health network. In addition to, the health care for special subjects and poor was considered property. The economic growth must accompany with social equity. The resolution also proposed 6 solutions for this.
Delivery of Health Care ; Caregivers