Objective:To explore the dilemmas in the discharge preparation process of postoperative breast cancer patients within the framework of Meleis' Transition Theory, and to provide evidence for the development of nursing interventions to improve discharge readiness.Methods:This was a qualitative study. Using purposive sampling, postoperative breast cancer patients hospitalized in the Department of Breast Surgery of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University between September and October 2024 were selected for the study. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted. Data were analyzed and themes extracted using Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method.Results:A total of four themes were extracted: personal status-patients experienced complex emotions at discharge; disease knowledge preparation-patients had insufficient mastery of relevant knowledge after discharge; coping ability-patients lacked confidence in home self-care after returning home; social support-patients desired support from peers and medical staff.Conclusions:Postoperative breast cancer patients face multiple dilemmas during discharge preparation. Medical staff are advised to pay attention to the psychological status of discharged patients and develop individualized emotional coping strategies; provide professional information and meet patients' fertility and sexual health knowledge needs; optimize health education models to enhance patients' home coping ability; and strengthen the integration of mobile health with nursing practice to build a multidimensional support system.

Objective To explore the research hotspots and development trends of microbiota-gut-brain axis(MGBA)related literature both domestically and internationally.Methods Relevant MGBA literature from 2000 to 2023 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection,and bib-liometric and visualization analyses were conducted using CiteSpace 6.3.R1 software.Results A total of 857 MGBA-related articles were analyzed.China and the United States are representative countries in this field,with CRYAN J F and University College Cork being the most influential author and the most productive institution,respectively.In recent years,high-frequency research had fo-cused on neurodegenerative diseases,intra-and extra-axis interactions with the body,and interventions involving short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),tryptophan metabolism and serotonin.Conclusion The research in MGBA continues to be hotspot,and the research focus gradually transit from the verifica-tion of the relationship with diseases to the intra-axis interaction mechanism.The research hotspot of nervous system related diseases has been enduring in this field,and the therapeutic measures targeting the metabolites of intestinal flora and metabolomics are expected to become the future research trend in this field.

Objective:To explore the dilemmas in the discharge preparation process of postoperative breast cancer patients within the framework of Meleis' Transition Theory, and to provide evidence for the development of nursing interventions to improve discharge readiness.Methods:This was a qualitative study. Using purposive sampling, postoperative breast cancer patients hospitalized in the Department of Breast Surgery of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University between September and October 2024 were selected for the study. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted. Data were analyzed and themes extracted using Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method.Results:A total of four themes were extracted: personal status-patients experienced complex emotions at discharge; disease knowledge preparation-patients had insufficient mastery of relevant knowledge after discharge; coping ability-patients lacked confidence in home self-care after returning home; social support-patients desired support from peers and medical staff.Conclusions:Postoperative breast cancer patients face multiple dilemmas during discharge preparation. Medical staff are advised to pay attention to the psychological status of discharged patients and develop individualized emotional coping strategies; provide professional information and meet patients' fertility and sexual health knowledge needs; optimize health education models to enhance patients' home coping ability; and strengthen the integration of mobile health with nursing practice to build a multidimensional support system.

To analyze the standard establishment approach and compilation rationale for metallic pharmaceutical packaging standard development in the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China.This article systematically explained the background and process of establishing the guiding principles for metallic materials and containers used in pharmaceutical packaging in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia through basic information,relevant domestic and international standards,the establishment of key quality attributes of metallic pharmaceutical packaging materials,and the construction of metallic pharmaceutical packaging material standards.The newly established guidelines,the Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China 9625,prioritized product critical quality attributes(CQAs)and real-world applicability.This dual emphasis on rigidity and adaptability enhances drug safety,meets the regulatory requirements,and promotes the globalization and scientific advancement of China's pharmaceutical packaging industry.

To analyze the standard establishment approach and compilation rationale for metallic pharmaceutical packaging standard development in the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China.This article systematically explained the background and process of establishing the guiding principles for metallic materials and containers used in pharmaceutical packaging in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia through basic information,relevant domestic and international standards,the establishment of key quality attributes of metallic pharmaceutical packaging materials,and the construction of metallic pharmaceutical packaging material standards.The newly established guidelines,the Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China 9625,prioritized product critical quality attributes(CQAs)and real-world applicability.This dual emphasis on rigidity and adaptability enhances drug safety,meets the regulatory requirements,and promotes the globalization and scientific advancement of China's pharmaceutical packaging industry.

Objective:To explore the application effect of portable device of airway humidification on patients with head and neck tumor who underwent tracheostomy.Methods:A total of 100 patients with head and neck tumors who underwent tracheostomy at Department of Head and Neck Surgery of Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College from October 2021 to May 2023 were selected as the study subjects.They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group by using a random number table method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group received conventional nebulization inhalation for airway humidification,and the observation group adopted portable device of airway humidification with 0.45%sodium chloride solution to conduct sustained airway humidification.The effect of airway humidification,occurrence of phlegm scabs,injury and bleeding of airway,tracheal tube obstruction,and comfort level of patients after surgery were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:The satisfaction rates of the patients of observation group at the 1st,2nd,3rd,4th,and 5th day after surgery were 84.0%,88.0%,92.0%,96.0%and 96.0%for humidification of wet sputum,which were better than those of control group,and the differences were statistically significant(x2=46.240,64.103,70.560,67.919,74.227,P<0.05),respectively.The formations of phlegm scabs were respectively 1,5,1 and 1 cases at the 2nd,3rd,4th,5th d after surgery in observation group,which were less than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(x2=7.111,23.926,21.760,17.344,P<0.05),respectively.The numbers of airway injury bleeding and overall tracheal tube obstruction at the 2nd d after surgery in the observation group were respectively 2 cases and 1 case,which were significantly less than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(x2=4.000,5.982,P<0.05),respectively.The comfort levels of airway humidification and suction phlegm,and overall comfort evaluation were respectively(17.96±0.75)scores,(16.06±1.05)scores and(34.04±1.63)scores in the observation group,which all were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=9.843,17.298,15.792,P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:The portable device of airway humidification has a significant effect on airway humidification of patients with head and neck tumors who undergo tracheostomy,which can reduce the occurrence of phlegm scabs,and reduce the number of overall tracheal tube obstruction,and improve comfort level of patient with head and neck tumors who undergo tracheostomy.

Neurodegenerative diseases are often associated with inflammatory mechanisms, where persistent or excessive inflammatory responses can lead to neuronal damage and subsequent pathological changes. In acute neurological conditions such as stroke or traumatic brain injury, inflammation is a key factor that triggers acute neuronal injury and long-term sequelae. In chronic neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, cognitive dysfunction, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, the chronic activation of inflammation is closely related to gradual degeneration of neurons. Resolvin D1 (RvD1), an endogenous pro-resolving mediator, plays a crucial role in controlling the intensity and duration of inflammation by inhibiting excessive activation of immune cells, modulating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. This review focuses on the mechanisms of RvD1 in mediating inflammatory damage in major neurological diseases, aiming to provide theoretical support for a deeper understanding of disease mechanism, optimized therapeutic strategies, and enhanced outcome.

Objective:To explore the application effect of the modified presentation assimilation discussion combined with heuristic clinical medicine teaching in training of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation specialist nurses.Methods:The convenient sampling method was used to select 62 nurses who participated in training of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation specialist nurses in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January to June 2023 as the research objects. A total of 30 nurses who participated in the 25th training session from January to March 2023 were selected as the control group, and 32 nurses who participated in the 26th training session from April to June 2023 were selected as the observation group. The control group received conventional training method, while the observation group received modified presentation assimilation discussion combined with heuristic clinical medicine teaching. The theoretical knowledge and operational skills of nurses, core competence of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation specialist nurses and training satisfaction were compared between the two groups after training.Results:After training, the scores of theoretical knowledge and operational skills, core competence of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation specialist nurses and training satisfaction in observation group were higher than those in control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The modified presentation assimilation discussion combined with heuristic clinical medicine teaching can improve the theoretical knowledge and operational skills of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation specialist nurses, and the nurses' training satisfaction is higher.

Objective:To develop an evaluation system for assessing the effectiveness of standardized training for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) specialist nurses and provide a reference for evaluating such training outcomes.Methods:Utilizing the Kirkpatrick Model as the theoretical framework, a preliminary draft of evaluation indicators for ECMO specialist nurse training was developed through a literature review and semi-structured interviews. A Delphi method was employed to conduct expert consultations and finalize the evaluation system for the effectiveness of standardized ECMO specialist nurse training.Results:The effective response rates for two rounds of Delphi questionnaires were 90.0% (18/20) and 100.0% (18/18), respectively. The expert authority coefficients were 0.863 and 0.877. The Kendall's coefficient of concordance for the indicators across two rounds ranged from 0.196 to 0.385 and 0.233 to 0.431 ( P<0.01). The final evaluation system for the effectiveness of standardized ECMO specialist nurse training included four primary indicators, 14 secondary indicators, and 56 tertiary indicators. Conclusions:The development of the evaluation system for the effectiveness of standardized ECMO specialist nurse training is scientifically sound and reliable, which provides a valuable reference for evaluating the effectiveness of ECMO nurse training.

BACKGROUND:Nano-zirconium dioxide has good application potential in the field of bone tissue repair.Studying the effect of nano-zirconium dioxide on osteogenic differentiation will help to promote the clinical application of nano-zirconium dioxide in the treatment of bone defects. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of nano-zirconium dioxide on the osteogenic differentiation of ectomesenchymal stem cells in the nasal mucosa. METHODS:Ectomesenchymal stem cells derived from rat nasal mucosa were isolated and cultured,and the biotoxicity of nano-zirconium dioxide to the cells was detected by CCK-8 assay.The biosafety concentration was selected according to the cytotoxicity,and the cells were randomly divided into a control group,a nano-zirconium dioxide group,and a nano-hydroxyapatite group.Osteogenic differentiation of cells was directionally induced in each group.On day 7 of induced differentiation,alkaline phosphatase staining was performed.qRT-PCR and western blot assay were used to detect the expression of early osteogenic markers(Runx2 and Osx).On day 21 of induced differentiation,alizarin red staining was conducted.qRT-PCR and western blot assay were utilized to determine the expression levels of late osteogenic markers(OPN and OCN). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The median lethal concentration of nano-zirconium dioxide on ectomesenchymal stem cells in nasal mucosa was 0.6 mg/mL.In the experiment,the mass concentration of 200 μg/mL was selected for intervention.Zirconium dioxide had no significant effect on the proliferation of the cells.(2)Compared with the control group,the alkaline phosphatase staining of the cells in the nano-zirconium dioxide group was more obvious and the level of cell mineralization was higher,but there was no significant difference compared with the nano-hydroxyapatite.(3)Compared with the control group,the expression of bone-related genes and proteins increased significantly,but there was no significant difference compared with nano-hydroxyapatite.(4)The results show that nano-zirconium dioxide has good biological safety and can promote the osteogenic differentiation of ectomesenchymal stem cells in the nasal mucosa.This promoting effect is equivalent to that of nano-hydroxyapatite.